Sei kumiswa kwakawanda-kwakawanda kwakatanga kunyangarika?
Torsion bar, MacPherson strut, kaviri forogo - ndeipi misiyano pakati pemhando huru dzekumiswa
Zvemagetsi tekinoroji iri kufambira mberi nekukurumidza, uye mota dzazvino uno zvakaenzana hadzienzanisike zvakanyanya uye dzakapfuura makore makumi maviri apfuura. Asi pane zvakare nzvimbo iyo tekinoroji inoita kunge iri kudzikira zvishoma nezvishoma: kumiswa Ungatsanangure sei chokwadi chekuti mota dzakawandisa uye dzakagadzirwa nemass akawanda dzichangobva kumisa kumisikidzwa-kwakawanda?
Mushure mezvose, ndiye (inonziwo multi-point, multi-link kana yakazvimirira, kunyange kune mamwe marudzi ezvimiririra) iyo yakaratidzwa semhinduro yakanakisisa yemotokari. Uye sezvo yaimbove yakarongedzerwa premium uye emitambo mhando, zvishoma nezvishoma kunyange vagadziri vebhajeti vakatanga kuyedza - kuti varatidze huwandu hwepamusoro hwechigadzirwa chavo.
Zvisinei, maitiro akachinja mumakore mashoma apfuura. Iwo mamodheru akaunza iyo yakawanda-yekubatanidza akaisiya, kazhinji achifarira torsion bar. Mazda 3 nyowani ine danda rakadai.SeVW Golf, isina mhando dzinodhura kwazvo. Kunge hwaro nyowani Audi A3, zvisinei nemutengo wayo wepayimusi. Nei izvi zvichiitika? Iyi tekinoroji yakavandudzwa uye ikave yakanyanya kuwanda kupfuura vamwe?
Iyo yekutanga vhezheni yeAudi A3 nyowani ine torsion bar kumashure, iyo kusvika munguva pfupi yapfuura yanga isingafungidzike muchikamu cheprimiyamu. Mamwe ese matanho emidziyo ane akawanda-chinongedzo kumiswa.
Kutaura zvazviri, mhinduro kune yekupedzisira ndeyokuti kwete. Multi-link kumiswa inoramba iri yakanakisa mhinduro kana uchitsvaga mota dynamics uye kugadzikana. Pane zvimwe zvikonzero nei ichidzikira kumashure, uye chinonyanya kukosha mutengo.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, vagadziri vanga vachikwidza mitengo yemotokari zvakanyanya nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana - kunetseka nezvezvakatipoteredza, matekinoroji matsva anosungirwa kuchengetedza, kuwedzera kukara kwevaridzi… Kugadzirisa kuwedzera uku kusvika pamwero wakati, makambani ari kutsvaga kudzikisa mutengo wekugadzira. Kutsiva kumiswa kwe-multi-link nedanda inzira iri nyore. Yechipiri sarudzo yakachipa zvakanyanya uye haidi kuisirwa transverse stabilizers. Pamusoro pezvo, matanda acho akareruka, uye kudzikisira uremu kwakakosha pakusangana nemaitiro matsva ekuburitsa. Pakupedzisira, iyo torsion bar inotora nzvimbo shoma uye inobvumira, sekutaura, kuwedzera trunk.
Motokari yekutanga ine multi-link kumiswa yaiva Mercedes C111 pfungwa yekupera kwe60s, uye mumuenzaniso wekugadzira yakatanga kushandiswa nemaGermany - muW201 uye W124.
Saka zvinoita sekunge kumiswa kwe-multi-link kuchadzokera kwayaimbove - sekuwedzera kwakachengeterwa mota dzinodhura uye dzemitambo. Uye chokwadi ndechekuti mazhinji emhuri mhando dze sedans uye hatchbacks haamboshandisi kugona kwavo munzira zvakadaro.
Nenzira, ichi chikonzero chakanaka chekurangarira mhando huru dzekumiswa uye mashandiro avanoshanda. Pane nhoroondo yemotokari mazana mazana ehurongwa, asi pano tichaisa pfungwa pane anozivikanwa chete nhasi.
