Airbags. Zvese zvatinoda kuziva nezvavo

Airbags chinhu chemotokari chatinoita setisingatarise. Zvichakadaro, upenyu hwedu hungatsamira pakuita kwavo kwakarurama!

Kunyangwe isu tichiteerera kune nhamba yeairbags mumotokari yedu kana tichitenga mota, isu tinokanganwa zvachose nezvavo panguva yekushanda. Ndizvo here? Upenyu hwebasa hwemapiro hunofanana neyakaziviswa nemugadziri? Vanoda kuongorora nguva nenguva here? Nzira yekutarisa sei airbags mumotokari yakatengwa yakashandiswa? Ndeapi matsotsi anoshandiswa nevatengesi vemotokari kuvanza chokwadi chekutadza kushanda kana kubviswa kweairbag?

Muchinyorwa chinotevera, ini ndichaedza kuratidza ruzivo rwangu rwekushanda rweakakurumbira "airbags".

Air bag. Zvakatanga sei?

Nhoroondo yemotokari airbags yakatanga kusvika kuXNUMXs, apo aimbova injiniya wekugadzira John W. Hetrick akapa patent ye "Automotive Airbag System". Sezvineiwo, John akafemerwa netsaona yemotokari yakamboitika. MuGermany panguva imwe cheteyo, muvambi Walter Linderer anobvumira hurongwa hwakafanana. Pfungwa yekushanda kwemidziyo ine patented yaive yakafanana neyanhasi. Muchiitiko chekuti motokari yasangana nechipingamupinyi, mweya wakamanikidzwa waifanira kuzadza bhegi raidzivirira mutyairi kubva pakukuvara.

GM neFord vakatarisira patents, asi zvakakurumidza kuve pachena kuti pakanga paine matambudziko mazhinji ehunyanzvi munzira yekugadzira hurongwa hunoshanda - nguva yekuzadza bhegi remhepo nemhepo yakamanikidzwa yaive yakarebesa, iyo yekudhumhana yekuona system yaive isina kukwana. , uye zvinhu izvo airbag inogadzirwa zvinogona kukonzera kumwe kukuvadza kune hutano hweairbag.

Mumakore makumi matanhatu chete, Allen Breed akavandudza hurongwa, achiita kuti ive electromechanical. Kuberekesa kunowedzera inobudirira kudhumhana sensor, pyrotechnic filler kune system, uye inoshandisa bhegi rakatetepa cushion rine mavharuvhu kudzoreredza kudzvanywa mushure mekunge jenareta yegasi yaputika. Motokari yekutanga kutengeswa nehurongwa uhu yaive 1973 Oldsmobile Tornado. 126 Mercedes W1980 ndiyo motokari yekutanga kupa bhandi rechigaro uye airbag seimwe sarudzo. Nokufamba kwenguva, airbags ave akakurumbira. Vagadziri vakatanga kuzvishandisa pamwero mukuru. Pakazosvika 1992, Mercedes chete akaisa airbags miriyoni.

Air bag. Inoshanda sei?

Sezvandakataura muchikamu chenhoroondo, sisitimu yacho ine zvinhu zvitatu: activation system (shock sensor, acceleration sensor uye digital microprocessor system), jenareta yegasi (inosanganisira igniter uye yakasimba propellant) uye mudziyo unochinjika (pillow pachayo ndiyo. yakagadzirwa nenylon-donje kana polyamide jira rine impregnation neoprene rabha). Inenge 10 milliseconds mushure menjodzi, iyo microprocessor activation system inotumira chiratidzo kune gasi jenareta, iyo inotanga kupisa airbag. 40 milliseconds mushure mechiitiko ichi, airbag yakazara uye yakagadzirira kubata muviri wekumhanya wemutyairi.

Air bag. Hupenyu hwehurongwa

Tichifunga nezvezera rekukura kwemotokari zhinji dzakashongedzerwa nehurongwa huri mubvunzo, zvakafanira kufunga kuti chero chikamu chinogona kumira kuteerera. Iyo airbag inozvimba nekufamba kwenguva, iyo activation system inoputsika, senge chero chikamu chemagetsi chemota, kana jenareta yegasi ine imwe durability?

Iyo mudziyo pachayo, iyo bhegi yepillow, inogadzirwa neakasimba kwazvo ekugadzira zvinhu (kazhinji ine musanganiswa wekotoni), iyo simba rinotarwa kakawanda kupfuura iro remota pachayo. Saka zvakadini nezve activation system pachayo uye jenareta gasi? Mota disassembly zvidyarwa zvinowanzobatanidzwa mukudzokorodza kwemaairbag. Kurasa kunobva pane inodzorwa activation ye cushion.

Onawo: Maitiro ekuchengetedza mafuta?

Muhurukuro dzisina kurongeka, vanobhejera vanobvuma kuti mapiro ekare anenge 100% anoshanda. Vashoma chete kubva muzana havaiti "kupisa", kazhinji mumotokari dzine nyore kuwana unyoro. Ndakanzwa chinhu chimwe chete mune imwe sevhisi yehunyanzvi mukutsiviwa kwemasisitimu ekuchengetedza mota. Kana iyo motokari yaishandiswa nenzira yakajairika, i.e. haina kuzadzwa kana kugadziriswa zvakanaka, hupenyu hwebasa hweairbags hahuna kuganhurirwa munguva.

Zviteshi zvesevhisi zvakatenderwa uye vatengesi vemotokari vanotii nezveizvi? Kare, mainjiniya aimbopa maairbags ehupenyu hwemakore gumi kusvika gumi nemashanu, kazhinji achiisa madhiri kumuviri kuratidza kana airbag akatsiviwa. Vagadziri pavakaona kuti mapiro akanga akasimba zvikuru, vakasiya zvinhu izvi. Maererano nenyanzvi dzakazvimiririra, kutsiva kwakadaro hakugone kuitwa mumotokari dzine mazano ari pamusoro apa.

Kune zvakare imwe uye pane imwe nzvimbo yekufunga kuti kubviswa kwezvinosungirwa kutsiviwa kweairbags inzira yekushambadzira chete. Mugadziri wacho haadi kutyisidzira mutengi anogona kunge aine mari yekushandisa yekutsiva zvinhu zvinodhura, saka, semafuta ane hupenyu hurefu hwesevhisi, inobvisa kukosha kwekuitsiva, uchiziva kuti mumakore gumi mutoro weiyo airbag isina kunaka ichaita. iva manyepo chete. Nekudaro, izvi hazvina kusimbiswa mukugadzirwazve, kunyangwe maairbags ekare kwazvo, ayo anowedzera neinenge 100% kunyatsoshanda.

Air bag. Chii chinoitika mushure me "kupfurwa" kwepiro?

Chii chandinofanira kuita kana airbag yakaiswa panguva yetsaona? Zvinoita marii kutsiva zvikamu? Zvinosuruvarisa, kugadzirisa kwenyanzvi hakusi kudhura. Iyo makanika ichafanirwa kutsiva bhegi rejenareta regasi, kutsiva kana kuvandudza zvikamu zvese zvedashboard zvakakuvadzwa nekuputika, uye kutsiva mabhandi echigaro nema pretensioners. Hatifaniri kukanganwa kutsiva controller, uye dzimwe nguva airbag simba rekupa. Munzvimbo yebasa yakatenderwa, mutengo wekutsiva mabhegi epamberi anogona kusvika PLN 20-30 zviuru. Mumusangano wakazvimiririra wehunyanzvi, kugadzirisa kwakadaro kuchafungidzirwa kune zviuru zvezlotys.

Nekuda kwemutengo wakakwira wekugadzirisa muPoland, kune "magaraji" ari kubiridzira, ayo anosanganisira kuisa dummy airbags (kazhinji nenzira yemapepanhau akapetwa) nekunyengedza zvemagetsi kuti abvise zvisingadiwe ziviso yehurongwa. Nzira iri nyore yekutevedzera kushanda kwayo kwemwenje weairbag ndeyekuibatanidza kune simba remwenje weABS, kudzvanywa kwemafuta kana bhatiri kuchaja.

Mushure mekuita kwakadai, iyo airbag chiratidzo mwenje inodzima chinguva mushure mekudzingirwa kwavhurwa, zvichiratidza hutano hwehurongwa hwenhema. Chitsotsi ichi chiri nyore kuona nekubatanidza mota pakombuta yekuongorora panzvimbo inotenderwa sevhisi. Nehurombo, scammers vanoshandisa nzira dzakaomarara. Mune imwe yeairbag inotsiva maworkshops muWarsaw, ndakadzidza kuti iyo system inodzora kushanda uye kuvapo kweairbags inonyanya kudzora kushorwa kwedunhu.

Vanyengeri, nekuisa chidziviriro chechiyero chakakodzera, vanonyengedza hurongwa, nekuda kwekuti kunyange kuongororwa kwekombiyuta kutonga hakuzotarisi kuvapo kwe dummy. Sekureva kwenyanzvi, nzira chete yakavimbika yekutarisa ndeyekubvisa dashboard uye nekutarisa system system. Iyi inzira inodhura, saka muridzi wechirimwa akabvuma kuti vatengi vanochisarudza kashoma. Nokudaro, cheki chete inonzwisisika ndeyekuongorora kwemamiriro ezvinhu asina tsaona, mamiriro ezvinhu emotokari, uye zvichida nzvimbo yakavimbika yekutenga motokari. Zvinonyaradza kuti, maererano neruzivo rwakawanikwa kubva kuchiteshi chikuru chekubvisa mota muWarsaw, maererano nehuwandu, mota shoma uye shoma dzinozopedzisira dzapinda mugomba dzine dummy airbags. Naizvozvo, kunoratidzika kuti ukuru hwouyu muitiro une ngozi unotanga zvishoma nezvishoma kuderedzwa.

Air bag. Summary

Mukupfupisa, maererano nenyanzvi dzakawanda, airbags haina zuva rakananga rekupera, saka kunyange vakwegura vavo, pasi pemamiriro ekufambisa akajairika, vanofanira kunyatsotidzivirira pakaitika kudhumhana. Paunenge uchitenga motokari yakashandiswa, kunze kwekuongorora mamiriro ayo asina tsaona, zvakakodzera kuitisa kuongororwa kwekombuta kuderedza mukana wekutenga mota ine dummy airbag.

Verenga zvakare: Kuedza Volkswagen Polo