kuparara kwechikamu chekugadzirisa

kuparara kwechikamu chekugadzirisa inogona kunge yakaita seinotevera: inotanga kuita zvisingafadzi kuputika manzwi, kutonhora mune imwe yenzvimbo dzakanyanyisa, kushanda kwechikamu chekugadzirisa solenoid valve kunovhiringidzika, kukanganisa kunoumbwa mundangariro yekombuta.

Kunyangwe iwe uchigona kutyaira uine yakashata chikamu regulator, iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti injini yekupisa yemukati haishande mune yakanyanya modhi. Izvi zvinokanganisa mashandisirwo emafuta uye hunhu hunochinja hweinjini yekupisa yemukati. Zvichienderana nedambudziko rakamuka ne clutch, valve kana phase regulator system yakazara, zviratidzo zvekuputsika uye mukana wekubviswa kwavo zvichasiyana.

Nheyo yekushanda kwechikamu chekugadzirisa

kuitira kuti uone kuti nei mutongi wechikamu ari kuputika kana kuti valve yake inonamatira, zvakakosha kunzwisisa nheyo yekushanda kwehurongwa hwose. Izvi zvinopa kunzwisisa kuri nani kwekuputsika uye zvimwe zviito zvekuzvigadzirisa.

Pakumhanya kwakasiyana, injini yekupisa yemukati haishande nenzira imwechete. Kune isina basa uye yakaderera kumhanya, iyo inonzi "yakamanikana nhanho" hunhu, apo iyo yekubuda gasi yekubvisa mwero yakaderera. Sezvineiwo, kumhanya kwakanyanya kunoratidzwa ne "wide phases", kana vhoriyamu yemagasi anoburitswa yakakura. Kana "matanho akafara" akashandiswa pakumhanya kwakaderera, ipapo gasi rinopisa richasanganiswa nevachangobva kuuya, izvo zvichaita kuti kuderera kwesimba rejini inopisa mukati, uye kunyange kuimisa. Uye kana "zvikamu zvakamanikana" zvichivhurwa nekumhanya kwakanyanya, zvinotungamira mukuderera kwesimba reinjini uye simba rayo.

Kushandura zvikamu kubva ku "matete" kusvika ku "yakafara" inokubvumira kuti uwedzere simba rejini inopisa mukati uye kuwedzera kushanda kwayo nekuvhara uye kuzarura mavhavha pamakona akasiyana. Iri ndiro basa rekutanga rechikamu chekutonga.

Kune akati wandei marudzi echikamu chekudzora masisitimu. VVT (Variable Valve Timing), yakagadzirwa neVolkswagen, CVVT - inoshandiswa neKia neHyindai, VVT-i - inoshandiswa neToyota neVTC - yakaiswa pamainjini eHonda, VCP - Renault phase shifters, Vanos / Double Vanos - system inoshandiswa muBMW . uyezve tichafunga nezve musimboti wekushanda kwechikamu chekutonga tichishandisa muenzaniso wemotokari yeRenault Megan 2 ine 16-valve ICE K4M, sezvo kutadza kwayo kuri "chirwere chehuduku" chemota iyi uye varidzi vayo vanowanzosangana nechikamu chisingashande. regulator.

Kudzora kunoitika kuburikidza ne solenoid valve, iyo mafuta inopihwa iyo inodzorwa nemagetsi masaini ane discrete frequency ye0 kana 250 Hz. Iyi nzira yese inodzorwa neyemagetsi control unit yakavakirwa pamasaini kubva mukati memoto injini sensors. Iyo phase regulator inobatidzwa nekuremerwa kuri kuwedzera mukati meinjini yekupisa (rpm kukosha kubva pa1500 kusvika 4300 rpm) kana zvinotevera zvinosangana:

• serviceable crankshaft position sensors (DPKV) uye camshafts (DPRV);
• hapana kuparara kwemafuta jekiseni system;
• kukosha kwechikumbaridzo chechikamu chejekiseni chinoonekwa;
• tembiricha inotonhorera iri mukati me +10°…+120°С;
• yakakwira injini yemafuta tembiricha.

Kudzoka kwemutongi wechikamu kunzvimbo yayo yepakutanga kunoitika kana kukurumidza kuderera pasi pemamiriro akafanana, asi nemusiyano wekuti zero chikamu musiyano unoverengwa. Muchiitiko ichi, plunger yekuvhara inovhara michina. saka, "vane mhosva" yekuputsika kwechikamu chemutongi anogona kunge asiri iye chete, asiwo solenoid valve, mukati memoto injini sensors, kuputsika mumotokari, kukanganisa kwekombiyuta.

Zviratidzo zvemutongi wechikamu chakaputsika

Kukundikana kwakakwana kana chidimbu kwechikamu chekutonga kunogona kutongwa nezviratidzo zvinotevera:

• Kuwedzera ruzha rweinjini yekupisa mukati. Kudzokorora kurira kwekurira kuchauya kubva kunzvimbo yekuisa camshaft. Vamwe vatyairi vanoti zvakafanana nekushanda kweinjini yedhiziri.
• Kusagadzikana kushanda kweinjini yekupisa mukati mune imwe yemodhi. Iyo mota inogona kuramba isina basa zvakanaka, asi inomhanyisa zvakashata uye kurasikirwa nesimba. Kana zvakapesana, zvakajairika kutyaira, asi "kudzipa" pasina kuita. Pachiso chekuderera kwakawanda kwesimba rekubuda.
• Kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta. Zvakare, mune imwe nzira yekushanda kwemota. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti utarise mashandisirwo emafuta musimba uchishandisa iyo-bhodhi komputa kana mudziyo wekuongorora.
• Kuwedzera toxicity ye exhaust magasi. Kazhinji nhamba yavo inova yakakura, uye vanowana kunhuhwirira kwakapinza, kwakafanana nemafuta kupfuura kare.
• Kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta einjini. Inogona kutanga kushingaira kupisa kunze (nhanho yayo mu crankcase inoderera) kana kurasikirwa nekushanda kwayo.
• Kusagadzikana rpm mushure mekutanga injini. Izvi zvinowanzotora anenge 2-10 seconds. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuputika kubva kumutongi wechikamu kwakasimba, uye zvino kunopera zvishoma.
• Kuumbwa kwekukanganisa kwekukanganisa kwe crankshaft uye camshafts kana chinzvimbo checamshaft.. Michina yakasiyana inogona kuva nemakodhi akasiyana. Semuenzaniso, kune Renault, kukanganisa nekodhi DF080 kunoratidza zvakananga matambudziko neFazi. Mimwe michina inowanzowana kukanganisa p0011 kana p0016, zvichiratidza kuti sisitimu yacho haina kuwiriraniswa.

Izvo zvakanyanya nyore kuita diagnostics, decipher zvikanganiso, uye zvakare kuzvigadzirisa neakawanda-brand autoscanner. Imwe yeiyi sarudzo iripo ndeye Rokodil ScanX Pro. Ivo vanogona kutora sensor kuverenga kubva kumota zhinji kubva 1994 zvichienda mberi. kudzvanya mabhatani maviri. Uye zvakare tarisa kushanda kwe sensor nekugonesa / kuremadza mabasa akasiyana.

Ndapota cherechedza kuti mukuwedzera kune izvi, kana mutongi wechikamu akundikana, chikamu chezviratidzo zvakaratidzwa chinogona kuoneka kana kuti chinoratidzika zvakasiyana pamichina yakasiyana.

Zvikonzero zvekukundikana kwechikamu chekugadzirisa

kuputsika kwakakamurwa chaizvo nechikamu chekutonga uye nevhavha yayo yekudzora. Saka, zvikonzero zvekuparara kwechikamu chekutonga ndezvi:

• Rotary mechanism kupfeka (paddles / paddles). Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, izvi zvinoitika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvechisikigo, uye zvinokurudzirwa kushandura vatariri vechikamu 100 yega ... 200 zviuru zvemakiromita. Oiri yakasvibiswa kana yakaderera-mhando inogona kukurumidza kupfeka.
• Wona zvakare kana kusapindirana kweiyo yakatarwa kukosha kwemakona ekutendeuka eiyo chikamu regulator. Izvi zvinowanzoitika nekuda kwekuti iyo inotenderera mashandiro echikamu chekutonga mudzimba dzayo inodarika inotenderwa kutenderera angles nekuda kwekupfeka kwesimbi.

Asi zvikonzero zvekuparara kwevvt valve zvakasiyana.

• Kukundikana kwechikamu chekugadzirisa valve chisimbiso. Kune Renault Megan 2 mota, iyo phase regulator vharafu inoiswa mune recess pamberi peinjini yekupisa yemukati, uko kune yakawanda tsvina. Saizvozvo, kana bhokisi rekuisa rakarasikirwa nekusimba kwayo, ipapo guruva uye tsvina kubva kunze zvinosanganiswa nemafuta uye inopinda mugomba rekushanda remashini. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kuvharika kwevhavha uye kupfeka kweiyo inotenderera mashandiro eiyo regulator pachayo.
• Matambudziko nemagetsi emagetsi evhavha. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri kuputsika kwayo, kukuvadzwa kwekusangana, kukuvadzwa kwekuvhara, kupfupika kutenderera kune kesi kana kune waya yemagetsi, kuderera kana kuwedzera mukupokana.
• Ingress yepurasitiki chips. Pazvikamu zvinogadzirisa, mashizha anowanzogadzirwa nepurasitiki. Pavanenge vapera, vanochinja geometry yavo uye vanodonha kubva pachigaro. Pamwe chete nemafuta, vanopinda muvhavha, vanoparara uye vanopwanyika. Izvi zvinogona kuguma nekurohwa kusina kukwana kwehunde yevharuvhu kana kuzara kwakazara kwehunde.

Zvakare, zvikonzero zvekutadza kweiyo phase regulator inogona kunge iri mukutadza kwezvimwe zvine hukama zvinhu:

• Zviratidzo zvisiri izvo kubva kuDPKV uye / kana DPRV. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri nekuda kwematambudziko nema sensors anoratidzwa, uye nenyaya yekuti mutongi wechikamu apera, nekuda kweiyo camshaft kana crankshaft iri munzvimbo inodarika miganhu inotenderwa pane imwe nguva nenguva. Muchiitiko ichi, pamwe chete nechikamu regulator, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa iyo crankshaft chinzvimbo sensor uye tarisa iyo DPRV.
• ECU matambudziko. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, kukundikana kwesoftware kunoitika mune yemagetsi control unit, uye kunyangwe neiyo data chaiyo, inotanga kupa zvikanganiso, kusanganisira zvine chekuita nechikamu chekutonga.

Kubvisa uye kuchenesa chikamu regulator

Kuongorora kushanda kwefazik kunogona kuitwa pasina kubviswa. Asi kuti uite cheki pakupfeka kwechikamu chekutonga, inofanira kubviswa uye kuparadzaniswa. kuti uwane pairi, unofanirwa kufamba uchitevedza kumucheto kwecamshaft. Zvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwemota, kubviswa kweiyo phase regulator pachayo kuchasiyana. Zvisinei, zvingave zvakadaro, bhandi renguva rinokandwa kuburikidza nebhokisi rayo. Nokudaro, iwe unoda kupa ruzivo kune bhanhire, uye bhanhire pacharo rinofanira kubviswa.

Mushure mokubvisa valve, gara uchitarisa mamiriro emusefa mesh. Kana yakasviba, inoda kucheneswa (kushambidzwa nemuchenesi). kuitira kuti uchenese mesh, unofanirwa kunyatsoisundira parutivi panzvimbo yekubvuta uye kuibvisa kubva pachigaro. Mesh inogona kugezwa nepeturu kana imwe mvura yekuchenesa uchishandisa bhurasho remazino kana chimwe chinhu chisina kuoma.

Iyo phase regulator valve pachayo inogonawo kucheneswa nemafuta uye kabhoni deposits (zvose kunze nemukati, kana magadzirirwo ayo achibvumira) uchishandisa carb cleaner. Kana vharafu yakachena, saka unogona kuenderera mberi kuti utarise.

Nzira yekutarisa chikamu chekugadzirisa

Pane imwe nzira yakapusa yekutarisa kana phase regulator muinjini yekupisa yemukati iri kushanda kana kwete. Nokuda kweizvi, waya mbiri chete dzakatetepa dzinenge mita imwe nehafu kureba dzinodiwa. Essence yecheki ndeiyi inotevera:

• Bvisa ipulagi kubva pachibatanidza chevhavha yemafuta kusvika kune chikamu chekugadzirisa uye batanidza wiring yakagadzirirwa ipapo.
• Imwe mugumo weimwe waya inofanira kubatanidzwa kune imwe yebheteri terminals (polarity haina kukosha munyaya iyi).
• Siya imwe magumo echipiri waya mu limbo ikozvino.
• Tanga injini inotonhora uye uisiye isingaiti. Zvakakosha kuti mafuta ari mujini anotonhorera!
• Batanidza panoperera waya yechipiri kune yechipiri bhatiri terminal.
• Kana iyo injini inopisa mukati mushure meiyo inotanga "kudzipwa", ipapo mutongi wechikamu ari kushanda, kana zvisina kudaro - kwete!

Iyo solenoid valve ye phase regulator inofanirwa kutariswa zvinoenderana neinotevera algorithm:

• Wasarudza kupikisa kuyerwa kwemaitiro pane tester, zviyere pakati pemavharuvhu terminals. Kana tikatarisa pane data yeMegan 2 manual, ipapo pamhepo yekushisa ye + 20 ° C inofanira kunge iri muhuwandu hwe6,7 ... 7,7 Ohm.
• Kana kushorwa kwakadzikira, zvinoreva kuti kune pfupi dunhu; kana yakawanda, zvinoreva dunhu rakavhurika. Chero zvazvingava, mavharuvhu haana kugadziriswa, asi anotsiviwa nemitsva.

Kupikisa kuyerwa kunogona kuitwa pasina kubviswa, zvisinei, chikamu chemagetsi chevhavha chinofanirawo kuongororwa. Nokuda kweizvi iwe uchada:

• Kubva pane 12 Volt power source (bhatiri remotokari), shandisa voltage nekuwedzera wiring kune valve yemagetsi connector.
• Kana vharafu ichishandiswa uye yakachena, ipapo piston yayo inodzika pasi. Kana iyo voltage ichibviswa, tsvimbo inofanira kudzokera kunzvimbo yayo yepakutanga.
• chinotevera iwe unofanirwa kutarisa gap munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa dzakawedzerwa. Inofanira kunge isingasviki 0,8 mm (unogona kushandisa simbi probe kutarisa mavharuvhu clearances). Kana iri shoma, saka valve inofanira kucheneswa maererano negorgorithm inotsanangurwa pamusoro apa.Mushure mekuchenesa, cheki yemagetsi uye yemagetsi inofanira kuitwa, uye ipapo chisarudzo chinofanira kuitwa kuchitsiva. dzokorora.

kuitira "kurebesa hupenyu" hwechikamu chekutonga uye valve yayo solenoid, zvinokurudzirwa kushandura mafuta nemafuta mafirita kakawanda. Kunyanya kana muchina unoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma.

Phase regulator kukanganisa

Muchiitiko icho chikanganiso DF2 yakaumbwa muchikamu chekutonga paRenault Megan 080 (ketani yekushandura maitiro ecamshaft, dunhu rakashama), saka unofanira kutanga watarisa valve maererano negorgorithm iri pamusoro. Kana ikashanda zvakanaka, saka munyaya iyi unoda "kurira" pamwe chete netambo yetambo kubva pavhavha chip kusvika kune yemagetsi control unit.

Kazhinji, matambudziko anoonekwa munzvimbo mbiri. Yekutanga iri muwiring harness inoenda kubva kuICE pachayo kuenda kuICE control unit. Yechipiri iri mukubatanidza pachayo. Kana iyo wiring isina kusimba, saka tarisa pane yekubatanidza. Nokufamba kwenguva, mapini ari pavari anobviswa. kuti uzvisimbise, unofanirwa kuita zvinotevera:

• bvisa chibatiso chepurasitiki kubva pachibatanidza (dhonza kumusoro);
• mushure meizvozvo, kuwana kune emukati mameta achaonekwa;
• zvakafanana, zvinodikanwa kusunungura chikamu chekumashure chemubati;
• shure kwaizvozvo, alternately kuwana imwe uye yechipiri chiratidzo waya kuburikidza kumashure (zviri nani kuita pamwe chete, kuitira kuti usakanganise pinout);
• pane yakasiiwa terminal, iwe unofanirwa kuomesa materminal nerubatsiro rwechimwe chinhu chakapinza;
• dzorera zvinhu zvose panzvimbo yazvo.

Kuremara phase regulator

Vazhinji vatyairi vane hanya nemubvunzo - zvinokwanisika here kutyaira uine chinokanganisa chikamu chekudzora? Mhinduro ndeyekuti hongu, unogona, asi iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa mhedzisiro. Kana, nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero, iwe uchiri kufunga kudzima chikamu regulator, saka iwe unogona kuzviita seizvi (inofungidzirwa pane imwechete Renault Megan 2):

• bvisa ipulagi kubva kune chinongedzo chevhavha yekupa mafuta kune phase regulator;
• semhedzisiro, kukanganisa DF080 kuchaitika, uye pamwe nekuwedzera kune pamberi pekuputsika kunoenderana;
• kuti ubvise kukanganisa uye "kunyengedza" chikwata chekutonga, unofanirwa kuisa chigadziro chemagetsi chinopesana ne7 ohms pakati pematerminals maviri papulagi (sezvakataurwa pamusoro - 6,7 ... 7,7 ohms ye mwaka unodziya);
• reset chikanganiso chakaitika mucontrol unit programmatically kana nekubvisa iyo negative battery terminal kwemasekonzi mashoma;
• sunga zvakasimba plug yakabviswa mukamuri yejini kuitira kuti irege kunyunguduka uye kukanganisa zvimwe zvikamu.

Ndokumbira utarise kuti kana phase regulator yakadzimwa, simba reICE rinodonha neanenge 15% uye kushandiswa kwepeturu kunowedzera zvishoma.

mhedziso

Vagadziri vemotokari vanokurudzira kushandura vatongi vechikamu chega chega 100 ... 200 zviuru zvemakiromita. Kana akagogodza kare - kutanga pane zvose unofanira kutarisa valve yake, sezvo zviri nyore. Zviri kumuridzi wemotokari kusarudza kana kudzima kana kusadzima "fazik" nekuti izvi zvinotungamira kumhedzisiro yakaipa. Kubvisa uye kutsiva phase regulator pachayo ibasa rakaoma kune ese emazuvano michina. Naizvozvo, iwe unogona chete kuita maitiro akadaro kana uine ruzivo rwebasa uye maturusi akakodzera. Asi zviri nani kutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kubasa remotokari.