Hafu yezana ramakore reMubatanidzwa chikamu 2
Hafu yezana ramakore kuMubatanidzwa
Ongororo yendege dzeSoyuz-2 uye -3 spacecraft yakaratidza kuti ngarava dzese dzakaruramisa tariro yakaiswa pazviri. Dai chinhu chevanhu chakanga chisina kukundikana, iyo inonyanya kukosha yepurogiramu yekubhururuka - kubatana kwavo - ingadai yakapedzwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, zvaive zvichikwanisika kuedza kudzokorora basa iro 7K-OK spacecraft yakavakirwa - bvunzo inodzokororwa, yekubatanidza mu orbit uye shanduko yevazivi venyeredzi kubva kune imwe ngarava kuenda kune imwe pamusoro penzvimbo yavo.
7K-OK - nerombo rakasiyana
Sei vazivi vemuchadenga vachifamba pamusoro? Chokutanga pane zvose, nokuti nenzira iyi Soviet lunaraut mukutenderera Mwedzi yaifanira kubva kune orbiter kuenda kune chikepe chekufambisa uye shure, uye kushanda uku kwaifanira kunyatsoongororwa pedyo nePasi. Kubhururuka kweSoyuz-4 neSoyuz-5 muhuwandu hwezvinhu zvayo kwakaitwa nemazvo - zvikepe zvakasangana uye zvakabatana kubva panzira yekutanga yekumhara. Munguva yekuchinja, Eliseev akarasikirwa nekamera yake, uye Khrunov akabatwa mumatambo emagetsi emasutu, asi izvi hazvina kukanganisa mhedzisiro yekuedza.
Mamiriro ezvinhu ane ngozi zvikuru akamuka apo Soyuz-5 yakadzokera kuNyika. Iyo POO compartment haina kuparadzaniswa kubva kune lander uye ngarava yakatanga kupinda mumhepo nemhino isina chinhu. Simbi-titanium furemu yehatch yakatanga kunyunguduka, chisimbiso chayo chemukati cherabha chakapwanyika zvachose, uye magasi kubva mukupisa kwenhoo inoputika akatanga kupinda mulander. Panguva yekupedzisira chaiyo, iyo yakasarudzika yekuparadzanisa sisitimu yakagadziriswa nekuda kwekupisa kwaikwira, uye mushure mekunge PAO yasiiwa, muridzi wemba aive munzvimbo chaiyo yekupinda nekumhara.
Volynov akanga ari masekonzi kure norufu. Magumo chaiwo endege aivewo kure nekunowanzonzi kumhara kwakapfava. Parachuti yaive nedambudziko nekudzikamiswa kwemotokari yaidzika sezvo yaitenderera ichitevedza axis yayo yakareba, izvo zvakapotsa zvakonzera kudonha kwecanopy yayo. Kubata kwakasimba pamusoro pePasi kwakakonzera kuputsika kwakawanda kwemidzi yemazino eshaya yepamusoro yemuchadenga. Izvi zvinopedzisa nhanho yekutanga ye7K-OK yekutsvaga ndege.
Zvakatora zvikepe gumi nezvitatu, kana, sezvavainzi panguva iyoyo, michina, kuti igadzire, panzvimbo pezvina zvakarongwa. Nguva yokupedza mabasa yakawedzerwa yawedzerwazve; panzvimbo pechirimo cha1967, akapedzwa anenge makore maviri gare gare. Panguva ino, zvakava pachena kuti mujaho nemaAmerican kumwedzi wakazorasika, vakwikwidzi vakabudirira kuita ndege dzakadaro uye vaive vatoita kakawanda kusvika pakupera kwa1966. Kunyange moto weApollo, uyo wakatora hupenyu hwevashandi vayo vose, wakanonoka purogiramu negore nehafu chete.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, vanhu vakatanga kushamisika kuti voita sei nengarava dzeOK dzakasara. Mumatsutso (zvinoreva kuti, mushure mekubudirira kumhara kwevashandi veApollo 11 paMwedzi), zvikepe zvitatu zveSoyuz zvakatangwa panguva dzezuva. Vaviri vavo (7 ne8) vaifanira kubatanidza, uye chechitatu (6) kwaiva kupfura kufambisa kubva kure nemamita 300 kusvika ku 50. Zvinosuruvarisa, zvakazoitika kuti Igla approach system paSoyuz-8 haina kushanda. . Pakutanga, zvikepe zviviri zvakaparadzaniswa nemakiromita akawanda, ipapo kureba kwakaderedzwa kusvika ku 1700 m, asi izvi zvaive zvakapetwa kashanu kupfuura imwe yaigona kuedza kuswedera nemaoko. Kune rumwe rutivi, kuedza kwemaziso kwevashandi veSoyuz-7 "Lead" (kuonekwa kwe ballistic missile launches), pamwe chete nekuedza kwesimbi "Volcano" (kuedza kuputika kwemagetsi kwesimbi munzvimbo yakaora mwoyo yekugara yeSoyuz-6 spacecraft) yakave yakabudirira.
