Yakakuvadzwa mavharuvhu anosimudza - nei kushanda kwawo kwakakosha zvakanyanya?
Zviri mukati
Yakakuvadzwa pushers - zviratidzo zvekushaya simba
Mavharuvhu anosimudza chimwe chezvikamu zveinjini zvinoita basa rakakosha mukupisa kwemusanganiswa wemafuta emhepo. Ivo vanofambisa mavharuvhu, vachibvumira mafuta nemhepo kupinda muhumburumbira, uye kunotevera kuburitswa kwemagasi ekupedza anosara kubva pakuita.
Kutenderera kwebasa revanosimudza mavharuvhu kunofanirwa kuenderana nebasa repiston. Ndokusaka ivo vachifambiswa nekutenderera camshaft cams. Iyi sisitimu yakanyatso kuwiriraniswa pafekitori, asi inogona kukanganiswa panguva yekushanda kweinjini. Dambudziko nderekuti iyo inonzi valve clearance, ndiko kuti, chinhambwe chinoenderana pakati pecamshaft cam uye tappet pamusoro. Iyo gaka inofanira kuchengetedzwa nekuda kwechimiro chemuviri chesimbi, iyo inowedzera pakupisa kwepamusoro, ichiwedzera huwandu hwayo.
Kubviswa kwevharuvhu kusina kunaka kunogona kuva nemigumisiro miviri:
- Kana yakanyanya kuderera, inogona kuita kuti mavhavha asavhare, izvo zvinoreva kuti injini icharasikirwa nekudzvinyirira (kusaenzana kwekushanda kwechikwata, kushaya simba, nezvimwewo). Iko kunewo kukurumidza kupfeka pamavharuvhu, ayo anorasikirwa nekusangana nezvigaro zvevhavha panguva yekushanda.
- Kana yakakura kwazvo, inogona kutungamira mukupfeka kwakakurumidza kweiyo ndege yevhavha, nepo kupfeka kwezvimwe zvikamu zvegasi rekugovera system (cams, levers, shaft) inokurumidza. Kana iyo valve clearance yakakura kwazvo, kushanda kweinjini kunoperekedzwa nesimbi inogogodza (inonyangarika kana tembiricha yeyuniti ichikwira, kana zvikamu zvesimbi zvinowedzera muhuwandu).
Yakakuvadzwa pushers - mhedzisiro yekuregeredza
Huzhinji hwemainjini edzimotokari dzemazuva ano anoshandisa hydraulic valve lifters anogadzirisa otomatiki mavharuvhu. Nechepfungwa, mutyairi wemota saka anobvisa kudiwa kwekudzora uye nemaoko kuseta iyo valve clearance. Nekudaro, ma hydraulic tappets anoda mafuta ejini ane maparamita akakwana kuti ashande nemazvo. Kana yanyanya kukora kana kusvibiswa, maburi e tappet anogona kuvharika, zvichiita kuti valve isavhare. Injini inoshanda nenzira iyi ichaita ruzha, uye zvigaro zvevharuvhu zvinogona kupisa nekufamba kwenguva.
Mota dzine mechanical valve lifters dzinoda kugadziridzwa nguva nenguva sezvakakurudzirwa nemugadziri weinjini. Kugadziriswa kuri nyore, asi zvinokurudzirwa kuzviita mumusangano. Kuyera gomba, iyo inonzi inonzi feeler gauge inoshandiswa, uye saizi yakakodzera gap inowanikwa nekugadzirisa screws uye kushandisa washers.
Kazhinji, nguva dzekugadzirisa gap mumakanika pushers dzinobva pamakumi kusvika kune zana rezviuru zvemakiromita. Nekudaro, kurudziro yefekitori inoda kudzokororwa kana sarudzo yaitwa yekuisa gasi system mumotokari. Zvadaro pane chido chekutarisa uye kugadzirisa kutamba kakawanda. Injini dzeLPG dzinoratidzwa kune tembiricha yakakwira. Mukuwedzera, iyo nzira yekupisa gasi pachayo yakareba kudarika munyaya yekupisa peturu. Izvi zvinoreva mutoro mukuru uye wakareba wekupisa pamavharuvhu uye zvigaro zvevharuvhu. Iyo gap yekugadzirisa nguva dzemotokari dzakashongedzerwa negasi kuisirwa dzinenge 30-40 zviuru zvemakiromita. km.
Kushaikwa kwekugadziriswa kwekugadziriswa kweinjini chero ipi neipi ine mechaniki mavharuvhu anosimudza kunozotungamira mukupfeka kwakakosha kwezvikamu zveinjini. Zvisinei, kunyange mumajini akagadziridzwa nguva dzose, mavharuvhu anosimudza angada kutsiviwa nekufamba kwenguva.
Kutsiva mavharuvhu anosimudza - kana zvichidikanwa?
Maitiro ekutsiva anoenderana nekugadzirwa kweinjini, uye mhando dzemavharuvhu anosimudza zvakare anosiyana. Kazhinji, mushure mokubvisa chivharo chevhavha, zvakakosha kubvisa camshaft kuitira kuti pushrods inogona kubviswa uye kutsiviwa nemitsva. Mune dzimwe injini, mushure mekutsiviwa, zvichave zvakafanira kugadzirisa mashizha matsva, mune mamwe anofanira kuzadzwa nemafuta, mune vamwe, zviyero zvakadaro hazvigoneki.
Izvo zvakakosha kutsiva ese gaskets nemitsva panguva yekugadzirisa uye kutarisa mamiriro ezvimwe zvinhu zvenguva. Kana injini yave ichishandiswa kwenguva yakati ine zvisizvo zvibvumirano zvevhavha, iyo camshaft lobes inogona kupfekwa. Izvo zvakakodzerawo kutarisa mamiriro e shaft pachayo.
