Nheyo yekushanda uye kuumbwa kwekumiswa kwemhepo

Neindasitiri yemotokari ichichinja zvishoma nezvishoma kuenda kukushandiswa kweakawanda compact uye chaiyo coil zvitubu mune akawanda ekumisa maapplication panzvimbo pezvitubu zvakaomarara, zvine musoro kutarisira kuenderera mberi kwekushanduka kwegiya rekumhanya. Zvikamu zvakatoitika - simbi mune elastic zvinhu inowanzotsiviwa negasi. Zvechokwadi, yakavharwa pasi pekumanikidzwa mugomba rakasimba. Asi kutsiva kuri nyore kwezvitubu zvine mhepo zvitubu zvakanga zvisina kukwana, kumiswa kutsva kunoreva kushandiswa kwekushanda kwemagetsi emagetsi uye actuators.

Yakajairika uye Yakasarudzika Mhepo Kumiswa Assemblies

Zvimiro zvekushandiswa kwepneumatics se elastic zvinhu zvakakonzera mukana wekuchinja kure kwekushanda kwemaitiro ekumiswa. Kutanga kubva pakuchinja kuri nyore munzvimbo yemuviri pamusoro pemugwagwa mune statics uye kupera neanoshingaira kutonga mabasa.

Kazhinji, kuchengetedza kurongeka kwemhando dzekumiswa, zvitubu zvemhepo zvakakonzera kutaridzika kwehuwandu hwemamwe maturusi mune chassis. Kuwanda kwemidziyo kunoenderana nekuitwa kwakananga nevagadziri vakasiyana. Aya anogona kunge ari emagetsi uye emuchina compressors, mavharuvhu mapuratifomu, emagetsi ekudzora zvikamu, uye dzimwe nguva hydraulic kits. Hazvisi zvakaoma kupa maitiro akadaro maitiro ekugadzirisa uye kusarudzwa kwemaitiro kubva pachigaro chemutyairi. Uye kunze, ichanyanya kufanana nekumisikidzwa kwechinyakare, maviri- uye akawanda-link akazvimirira, MacPherson struts kana akareruka torsion matanda. Kusvika pakuchinjika kwakazara kwezvikamu, kana iwe uchingogona kubvisa pneumatics uye kuisa coil zvitubu munzvimbo imwechete.

Kuumbwa kwemidziyo uye zvikamu zvega

Chinangwa uye mabasa ezvakakosha zvakachinja zvishoma munguva yekushanduka kwemhepo kumiswa, dhizaini yavo chete uye kutonga algorithms kwakagadziridzwa. Chimiro chakajairwa chinosanganisira:

• matsime emhepo akaiswa panzvimbo pezvitubu kana zvitubu;
• air compressor inochengetedza uye inogadzirisa kudzvinyirira mupneumatics;
• kutonga uye kugovera mhepo fittings nehurongwa hwemagetsi emagetsi;
• mafirita emhepo uye dryer;
• kukwirira kwemuviri sensors kune rimwe nerimwe vhiri;
• control electronic unit;
• air suspension control panel.

Zvinokwanisika kushandisa mamwe madivayiri akabatana nekuvapo kwemamwe mabasa.

Pneumatic cushions (masilinda)

Elastic suspension element itsime remhepo mupfungwa yakafaranuka yezwi, zvichinzi chitubu chitubu zvakare. Mukuita, iyi mhepo iri pasi pekumanikidzwa mune rubber-metal kesi. Kuchinja iyo geometry yegoko inogoneka mune yakapihwa nzira, kusimbiswa kunodzivirira kutsauka kusingaite kubva pachimiro.

Zvinokwanisika kubatanidza pneumatic element ine damping shock absorber mune imwe chete yekuvaka ye telescopic air strut. Izvi zvinozadzisa compactness yechinhu chimwe chete mukuumbwa, semuenzaniso, MacPherson-mhando kumiswa. Mukati meiyo rack mune kamuri yakavharwa nemhepo yakamanikidzwa uye yakajairwa hydraulics yekirasi yekuvhundutsa absorber.

Compressors uye vanogamuchira

Kutsiva kuvuza uye nekukasira kudzvanywa shanduko mune pneumatic zvinhu, sisitimu inoshongedzerwa ine inozvimiririra compressor ine yemagetsi drive kubva kune simba mutyairi weiyo control unit. Kushanda kwe compressor kunofambiswa nekuvapo kwekuchengetedza mweya - receiver. Nekuda kwekuunganidzwa kwemweya wakamanikidzwa mukati mayo, pamwe nekupfuura kudzvanywa kubva kumasilinda, iyo compressor inotendeuka zvishoma kazhinji, iyo inochengetedza sosi yayo, uye zvakare inoderedza mutoro pamhepo kugadzirira zvikamu, kusefa kwayo uye kuomesa.

Kudzvanywa kuri muunogamuchira kunodzorwa ne sensor, zvinoenderana nezviratidzo izvo zvemagetsi zvinotumira mirairo yekuzadza gasi rakamanikidzwa rekuchengetedza, kusanganisira compressor. Kana kuderera kwekuregererwa kunodiwa, mhepo yakawandisa haibudiswi mumhepo, asi inopinda mugamuchiri.

Electronic regulation

Kugamuchira ruzivo kubva kukwira kumusoro sensors, kazhinji izvi zvinhu zvine chekuita nenzvimbo yekumisa maoko netsvimbo, pamwe nekumanikidza pane dzakasiyana nzvimbo, iyo yemagetsi unit inodzora zvizere chinzvimbo chemuviri. Nekuda kweizvi, kumiswa kunowana mabasa matsva, anogona kuitwa anochinjika kune akasiyana madhigirii.

Kupa hutsva hutsva, controller kubatana nemamwe masisitimu emotokari akaunzwa. Anokwanisa kufunga nezve trajectory yemotokari, kukanganisa kwemutyairi pane zvinodzora, kukurumidza uye chimiro chemugwagwa. Iyo inova yakapusa kukwirisa maitiro echassis, ichipa iyo yakaderera nzvimbo yegiravhiti kuti iwedzere kugadzikana nekumhanya kwakanyanya, kudzikisa muviri roll, nekudaro ichiwedzera kuchengetedzeka kwemota yese. Uye kunze kwemugwagwa, pane zvinopesana, wedzera kubvumidzwa kwepasi, bvumira kuwedzera kutaura kweaxles. Kunyangwe kana yakamira, mota inozowedzera kuita mutyairi nekudzikisira kureba kwemuviri kuti zvive nyore kurodha.

Kushandiswa kunoshanda kwezvakanakira kumiswa kwemhepo

Kutanga neyakareruka kukwira kureba kugadzirisa, vagadziri vemotokari vakatanga kuunza maficha epamberi mukumiswa. Izvi zvakaita kuti zvive nyore, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuunza pneumatics sesarudzo pamhando dzemotokari dzakashongedzerwa neyakajairwa kumiswa. Nekuzotevera kwakawedzera kushambadza kwezvinhu zvitsva uye kudzoka pakudyara mukusimudzira.

Zvakava zvinogoneka kudzora zvakasiyana kumiswa pamativi emota uye pamwe nema axles. Zvizhinji zvakagadziriswa zvigadziriso zvinopihwa kuti zvisarudzwe mumotokari huru menyu. Mukuwedzera, kurongeka kwakagadzirirwa kunowanikwa kune vashandisi vepamusoro vane ndangariro yekuchengetedza.

Mikana yepneumatics inonyanya kukosha pakutakura zvinhu, uko kune musiyano mukuru muhuwandu hwemotokari yakatakura uye isina chinhu kana chitima chemugwagwa. Ikoko, masisitimu ekudzora ekubvisa ave akakosha, hapana zvitubu zvinogona kuenzaniswa nekugona kwezvitubu zvemhepo.

Kune mota dzinomhanya-mhanya, zvakakosha kugadzirisa kumisa kushanda mumigwagwa mikuru. Iyo yakaderera pasi pemvumo haisi kungovandudza kugadzikana, asiwo inovandudza aerodynamics, kuwedzera hupfumi hwemafuta uye kutyaira kwekutyaira.

Off-road mota papneumatics, kunyanya avo vane kushandiswa kusingaganhurirwe kune akanyanya mamiriro, vanokwanisa kuwedzera zvakanyanya iyo geometric cross-nyika kugona kana ichinyatsodiwa. Kudzikisa muviri kusvika padanho rakachengeteka sezvo kukurumidza kunowedzera, izvo zvinoitika zvoga.

Nyaradzo inovandudzwawo zvikuru. Izvo zvinhu zvegasi pasi pekumanikidzwa zvakapetwa kakawanda kupfuura chero simbi yechirimo. Kusimudzwa maitiro mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu, kunyangwe kana kuchinjika kusingashandiswe, kuchave kwakanyatso kurongedzerwa nekukatyamadza absorbers, izvo zvimiro zviri nyore uye zvakanyanya kurongeka panguva yekuseta nekugadzira. Uye izvo zvisingabatsiri muchimiro chekuomeserwa uye kuvimbika kwakabatana kwakagara kwakatemwa kwete neakakosha maficha, asi neiyo sosi yakaiswa pasi nemugadziri.