Kugadzirwa kweinjini dzemotokari dzemagetsi
Zviri mukati
Zvinhu zviviri zvakakosha zveinjini yemotokari yemagetsi
Iyo mota yemagetsi inoshanda zvakasiyana pane thermal version. Nokudaro, motokari yemagetsi yakabatanidzwa nebheteri, iyo inoendesa ikozvino kwairi. ... Izvi zvinogadzira simba remagineti rinogadzira magetsi, anozoshandurwa kuita simba remagetsi. Motokari inobva yakwanisa kufamba. Nokuda kweizvi, kugadzirwa kwemotokari yemagetsi nguva dzose kunofungidzira kuvapo kwezvikamu zviviri: rotor uye stator.
Basa re stator
ichi static chikamu mota yemagetsi. Cylindrical, yakashongedzerwa nenzvimbo dzekugashira makoiri. Ndiye anogadzira iyo magnetic field.
Basa re rotor
Ichi ndicho chinhu chichaita tenderera ... Inogona kunge ine magineti kana zvindori zviviri zvakabatanidzwa nemakondakita.
Zvakanaka kuziva: Ko hybrid nemagetsi mota dzakasiyana sei?
Iyo hybrid yemagetsi mota inoshanda pamwe chete neyekupisa modhi. Izvi zvinoreva dhizaini yakasiyana sezvo mamotor maviri anofanirwa kugarisana (makotanidzo, simba) uye kupindirana (kugonesa kushandiswa kwesimba). Motokari yemagetsi inenge iine injini yakagadzirwa iine maitiro emotokari chete mupfungwa.
Synchronous kana asynchronous mota?
Kugadzira mota yemagetsi mota, vagadziri vanofanirwa kusarudza imwe yemamodhi maviri ekushandisa:
Synchronous Motor Manufacturing
Muchinjini chinopindirana, rotor igineti kana magineti emagetsi anotenderera nekumhanya kwakafanana neregineti. ... Mota inopindirana inogona kungotangwa neinobatsira mota kana yemagetsi inoshandura. Kuwiriranisa pakati pe rotor uye stator kunodzivirira kurasikirwa kwemagetsi. Mhando iyi yemota inoshandiswa mumotokari dzemagetsi dzemudhorobha dzinoda mota inopindura zvakanaka kune shanduko mukumhanya uye kazhinji kumira uye kutanga.
Asynchronous mota kugadzirwa
Inonzi zvakare induction mota. Iyo stator ichave inofambiswa nemagetsi kugadzira yayo yega magineti. ... Zvadaro kufamba kusingagumi kwe rotor (kunosanganisira pano yezvindori zviviri) kunoshandurwa. Haikwanise kubata nekumhanya kwemagineti inokonzera kutsvedza. Kuchengeta injini iri pamwero wakanaka, kutsvedza kunofanirwa kunge kuri pakati pe2% ne7%, zvichienderana nesimba reinjini. Injini iyi yakanyatsokodzera mota dzakagadzirirwa nzendo refu uye dzinokwanisa kumhanya zvakanyanya.
Chikamu chemotokari yemagetsi ine rotor uye stator chikamu chekufambisa kwemagetsi ... Iyi kit inosanganisirawo magetsi emagetsi emagetsi (zvinhu zvinodiwa kusimbisa injini uye recharge) uye kutumira.
Unoda rubatsiro kuti utange?
Kunyatsojeka kwemagineti echigarire uye yakazvimirira yekukurudzira mota
Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kugadzira mota dzemagetsi dzemagetsi mota dzine magineti echigarire. Ipapo ichave iri synchronous motorization, uye rotor ichagadzirwa nesimbi kugadzira inogara ichiita magineti. ... Nokudaro, injini yekubatsira inogona kugoverwa nayo. Nekudaro, dhizaini yavo inoda kushandiswa kwezvinonzi "rare Earth" senge neodymium kana dysprosium. Kunyange ivo vakanyanya kuwanda, mitengo yavo inochinja zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti vaome kuvimba nezvinhu.
Kutsiva aya magineti echigarire, vamwe vagadziri vari kuchinjika kune vakazvimiririra kufara synchronous motors. ... Izvi zvinoda kusikwa kwemagineti ine coil yemhangura, inoda kushandiswa kwemamwe maitiro ekugadzira. Iyi tekinoroji inovimbisa zvakanyanya sezvo ichidzikamisa huremu hweinjini, ichiibvumira kuburitsa yakakosha torque.
Regenerative braking, pamwe neyemagetsi mota
Pasinei nekuti mota dzemagetsi dzinogadzirwa sei, dzine mhedzisiro inodzoreredza. Nokuda kweizvi injini inosanganisira inverter ... Saka, kana iwe ukabvisa tsoka yako kubva kune accelerator pedal yemotokari yemagetsi, kudzikisira kunowedzera kusimba kupfuura pane yemhando yemhando: iyi inonzi regenerative braking.
Nekupokana nekutenderera kwemavhiri, mota yemagetsi haingobvumiri braking chete, asiwo inoshandura kinetic simba kuita magetsi. ... Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kudzikamisa mabhureki kupera, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwebhatiri.
Uye bhatiri mune zvese izvi?
Hazvibviri kukurukura kugadzirwa kweinjini dzemotokari dzemagetsi pasina kufunga nezvebhatiri rinodiwa kuti rimhanye. Kana mota dzemagetsi dzichifambiswa neAC, mabhatiri anogona chete kuchengeta DC iripo. Nekudaro, unogona kuchaja bhatiri nemhando mbiri dzazvino:
AC recharge (AC)
Iyi ndiyo inoshandiswa mumagetsi emotokari akaiswa mudzimba dzevanhu kana madiki eruzhinji. Mushure meizvozvo, recharging inogoneka nekuda kweinoshandura iri pabhodhi mota yega yega. Zvichienderana nesimba, nguva yekuchaja ichave yakareba kana kupfupika. Dzimwe nguva unofanirwa kushandura kunyoreswa kwako kwemagetsi kuti ubvumire recharge iyi nemimwe michina ishande panguva imwe chete.
Kugara kuri kuchaja (inogara iripo)
Izvi zvinotengeswa, izvo zvinogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzinokurumidza munzvimbo dzemotokari, zvine shanduko ine simba kwazvo. Iyo yekupedzisira inokubvumira kubhadharisa bhatiri ine simba re50 kusvika 350 kW.
Naizvozvo, ese mamotor emagetsi anoda voltage converter kuti akwanise kushandura DC bhatiri razvino kuita AC yazvino.
Kugadzirwa kweinjini dzemotokari dzemagetsi kwaita nhanho dzinoshamisa mumakore gumi. Synchronous kana Asynchronous: Motokari yega yega ine zvayakanakira izvo zvinobvumira mota dzemagetsi kuchinjika kuguta uye kune nzendo refu. Ipapo chaunongoda chete kufonera nyanzvi kuti imise chiteshi chekuchaja kumba uye unakirwe neiyi eco-hushamwari nzira yekutenderera.
