Vakapfuura vavaki: automaker inhoroondo

Kuvaka mota kwakaoma. Kugadzira mota zhinji dzekuti vanhu vade kukupa mari kwacho kwakatooma. Kubva pakagadzirwa motokari, mazana evagadziri vemotokari akavakwa vakagadzira motokari uye vakaparara. Vamwe vevavaki ava vaingopenya, asi vamwe vaive nemichina yaive "kunze kwebhokisi", zvakare pamberi penguva yavo, kana kungoita zvakaipa; kunge 1988 Pontiac LeMans iyo isingaite ingazove chinhu chemuunganidzi.

Pasinei nezvikonzero zvekukundikana, vamwe vagadziri vakapenya zvakajeka, uye motokari dzavo dzinoramba dziri nhaka yemaitiro, hutsva uye kushanda. Heano vaimbova vavaki vakagadzira dzimwe mota dzinoshamisa.

Studebaker

Studebaker, sekambani, inoteedzera mabviro ayo kumashure ku1852. Pakati pa1852 na1902, kambani iyi yaive nemukurumbira zvakanyanya nekuda kwengoro dzayo dzinodhonzwa nemabhiza, ngoro, uye ngoro pane chero chinhu chine chekuita nemotokari dzekutanga.

Muna 1902, kambani yakabudisa motokari yayo yekutanga, motokari yemagetsi, uye muna 1904, motokari yekutanga ine injini yepetroli. Yakagadzirwa muSouth Bend, Indiana, mota dzeStudebaker dzaizivikanwa nemaitiro adzo, kunyaradza uye hukuru hwekuvaka. Dzimwe dzemotokari dzinonyanya kufarirwa dzeStudebaker kuunganidza iAvanti, Golden Hawk uye Speedster.

Packard

Packard Motor Car Kambani inozivikanwa pasi rese nekuda kwemotokari dzayo dzeumbozha uye dzemhando yepamusoro. Yakagadzirwa muDetroit, mhando yacho yakabudirira kukwikwidza nevagadziri vekuEurope vakaita seRolls-Royce neMercedes-Benz. Yakavambwa muna 1899, kambani iyi yairemekedzwa zvakanyanya nekugadzira mota dzemhando yepamusoro uye dzakavimbika. Packard zvakare ane mukurumbira wekuva nyanzvi uye yaive mota yekutanga ine V12 injini, air conditioning uye yekutanga yechizvino vhiri.

Packards yaive epitome yeAmerican dhizaini uye hunyanzvi pakunaka kwayo. Muna 1954, Packard akabatana neStudebaker kuti arambe achikwikwidza neFord uye GM. Nehurombo, izvi zvakapera zvakaipa kuPackard uye mota yekupedzisira yakabudiswa muna 1959.

DeSoto

DeSoto yaive mhando yakavambwa uye yaive yeChrysler Corporation muna 1928. Yakatumidzwa zita remuSpanish muongorori Hernando de Soto, mhando iyi yaifanirwa kukwikwidza neOldsmobile, Studebaker naHudson semhando yepakati-yemutengo.

Pane imwe nguva, mota dzeDeSoto dzaive nezvimwe zvakasarudzika. Kubva 1934 kusvika 1936, kambani yakapa Airflow, coupe yakagadziridzwa uye sedan yaive makumi emakore pamberi penguva yayo maererano nemotokari aerodynamics. DeSoto yaive zvakare kambani yekutanga yemotokari kupa yemagetsi jekiseni remafuta (EFI) pamotokari dzayo muna 1958. Tekinoroji iyi yakaratidza kushanda zvakanyanya kupfuura jekiseni remafuta emuchina uye yakagadzira nzira yemotokari dzinodzorwa nemagetsi dzatinotyaira nhasi.

Inotevera ichave yakakundikana nhungirwa yeFord!

Edsel

Iyo kambani yemotokari yeEdsel yakangotora makore mapfupi matatu chete, kubva muna 3 kusvika 1956. Iyo inotsigira yeFord yakabhadharwa se "mota yeramangwana" uye yakavimbisa kupa vatengi hupenyu hwepamusoro, hwemhando yepamusoro. Sezvineiwo, mota dzacho hadzina kuenderana neshumo, uye pavakatanga, vaionekwa sedzakashata uye dzinodhura.

Iyo kambani yakatumidzwa zita remwanakomana waHenry Ford Edsel Ford. Iyo kambani payakavhara muna 1960, yaive mufananidzo wekudonha kwekambani. Iyo Edsel inoratidzika kunge ine kuseka kwekupedzisira, sezvo kupfupika kwekugadzira kutenderera uye yakaderera kugadzirwa kwemota inoita kuti ive yakakosha mumusika wevateresi.

Duesenberg

Duesenberg Motors yakavambwa muSaint Paul, Minnesota muna 1913. Pakutanga, kambani yakagadzira injini uye motokari dzemijaho dzakakunda Indianapolis katatu katatu. Motokari dzose dzakagadzirwa nemaoko uye dzakawana mukurumbira wakanaka wemhando yepamusoro yekuvaka uye umbozha.

Huzivi hwaDuesenberg muindasitiri yemotokari yaive nezvikamu zvitatu: yaifanira kukurumidza, yaifanira kunge yakakura, uye yaifanira kuve yeumbozha. Vakakwikwidzana neRolls-Royce, Mercedes-Benz neHispano-Suiza. MaDuesenberg aigara akatakurwa nevanhu vakapfuma, vane simba uye nyanzvi dzemufirimu dzeHollywood. Iyo isingawanzo uye yakakosha mota yekuAmerica yakambogadzirwa ndeye 1935 Duesenberg SSJ. Motokari mbiri chete dzemabhiza mazana mana dzakagadzirwa uye dzaive dzaClark Gable naGary Cooper.

Piers Arrow

Mugadziri wemotokari yemhando yepamusoro Pierce-Arrow anoteedzera nhoroondo yayo kumashure muna 1865, asi haana kuita mota yayo yekutanga kusvika 1901. Pakazosvika 1904, kambani yakasimbiswa mukugadzirwa kwemotokari dzepamusoro-soro dzevatengi vakapfuma, kusanganisira vatungamiri veUnited States. Muna 1909, Mutungamiri Taft akaraira maPierce-Arrows maviri kuti ashandiswe kune bhizinesi rehurumende, achivaita mota dzekutanga dzeWhite House.

Iko hakuna chinotsiva kutamiswa, uye yekutanga Pierce-Arrows yakashandisa ingave 11.7-litre kana 13.5-litre injini kuwana vanhu vakakosha pakati pekuenda zviri nyore. Mota yekupedzisira yaive 1933 Silver Arrow, sedan inoyevedza ine shanu chete yakavakwa.

Saab

Zvakaoma kusada quirky uye quirky Swedish inogadzira mota Saab - yavo yakasarudzika uye yehunyanzvi maitiro emotokari yakakwira akati wandei ekuchengetedza maficha uye matekinoroji epamusoro. Magadzirirwo avo uye mota hazvizombovhiringika nechero chinhu munzira.

Saab AB yakavambwa muna 1937 sekambani yendege uye yekudzivirira, uye chikamu chemotokari chekambani chakatanga muna 1945. Mota dzakagara dzichifemerwa kubva kundege yekambani, asi Saab inozivikanwa zviri nani nesarudzo yayo yakasarudzika yeinjini, kusanganisira 2. piston V4 injini, kusuma kwavo kwekutanga kweturbocharging muma1970s. Nehurombo, Saab yakavhara mu2012.

Iyo yekuItaly automaker yakashandisa Chevy injini iri kumberi!

Izo Autoveikoli SpA

Iso Autoveicoli, inozivikanwawo seIso Motors kana kungoti "Iso", yaive yekuItaly automaker iyo yaigadzira mota uye midhudhudhu kutanga muna 1953. yakavakwa naBertone. Hazvina nani kupfuura izvi!

Iyo incredible 7 Iso Grifo 1968 litri yaifambiswa neChevrolet 427 Tri-Power V8 injini ine 435 horsepower uye kumhanya kwepamusoro kwe186 mph. Zvinoshamisa kuti motokari yakabudirira zvikuru yakavakwa naIso yaiva microcar inonzi Isetta. Iso yakagadzira uye yakagadzira diki bubble mota uye yakapa rezinesi mota kune vamwe vagadziri.

Austin-Healey

Iyo ine mukurumbira mugadziri wemotokari yemitambo yeBritish Austin-Healey yakavambwa muna 1952 semubatanidzwa pakati peAustin, mubatsiri weBritish Motor Company, uye Don Healey Motor Company. Kwapera gore, muna 1953, kambani yakagadzira mota yayo yekutanga yemitambo, iyo BN1 Austin-Healey 100.

Simba rakauya kubva ku90 horsepower four-cylinder engine uye yainge yakanaka kuti ifambise svelte roadster kusvika pakumhanya kwepamusoro kwe106 mph. Motorsport ndipo panopenya mota dzemitambo Austin-Healey, uye marque yakabudirira pasi rese uye yakatoisa akati wandei Bonneville land kumhanya marekodhi. Iyo "hombe" Healey, iyo Model 3000, ndiyo mota yeAustin-Healey inonyanya kufarirwa yemitambo uye nhasi inotariswa zvakanyanya seimwe yemotokari huru dzeBritish mitambo.

Imba

LaSalle yaive chikamu cheGeneral Motors iyo yakavambwa muna 1927 kuti izvimise pamusika pakati pekutanga Cadillacs neBuicks. Mota dzeLaSalle dzaive dzeumbozha, dzakagadzika, uye dzakashongedzwa, asi zvakachipa zvakanyanya kupfuura vamwe vavo veCadillac. Kufanana neCadillac, iyo LaSalle inodaidzwa zvakare zita remukurumbira wekuFrance anotsvaga, uye mota dzekutanga dzakakweretawo masitaera kubva kumotokari dzeEurope.

Zvipo zveLaSalle zvakafungidzirwa zvakanaka, zvakagamuchirwa zvakanaka, uye zvakapa GM motokari iri pedyo-yepamusoro-soro kuti vawedzere kune avo. Zvichida chirevo chikuru chaLaSalle chemukurumbira ndechekuti yaive yengano yemugadziri wemota Harley Earl's big break. Akagadzira iyo yekutanga LaSalle uye akapedza makore makumi matatu paGM, pakupedzisira achitarisira ese ekambani basa rekugadzira.

Markos Engineering LLC

Marcos Engineering yakavambwa muNorth Wales muna 1958 naJem Marsh naFrank Costin. Zita rokuti Marcos rinobva mumavara matatu ekutanga erimwe rezita ravo rekupedzisira. Mota dzekutanga dzakange dzakanamira marine plywood chassis, gullwing mikova uye dzakagadzirirwa chaizvo kumhanya. Idzo mota dzaive dzakareruka, dzakasimba, dzichimhanya uye dzakamhanyiswa neremangwana F1 ngano Sir Jackie Stewart, Jackie Oliver naLe Mans mukuru Derek Bell.

Marcos akaramba ari mugadziri we niche kusvika 2007 apo mota dzakaratidza kukurumidza uye kukwikwidza zvakanyanya mumitambo yemotokari mijaho asi haana kumbobvira awana budiriro yemugwagwa iyo yakabvumira kambani kuramba iine pundutso.

Wisconsin yepakutanga inotevera!

Nash Motors

Nash Motors yakavambwa muna 1916 muKenosha, Wisconsin kuunza hunyanzvi uye tekinoroji kumusika wemotokari wakaderera. Nash aizopayona madhizaini emotokari akaderera-chidimbu chimwe chete, masisitimu emazuva ano ekudziya uye kufefetera, mota dzakasimba, uye mabhandi ezvigaro.

Nash akararama sekambani yakaparadzana kusvika 1954, payakabatanidzwa naHudson kugadzira American Motors (AMC). Chimwe chezvisikwa zvaNash zvakanyanya kuzivikanwa yaive mota yeMetropolitan. Yakanga iri yehupfumi subcompact mota yakatanga muna 1953, apo vazhinji veAmerican automaker vaitenda mu "hukuru huri nani" huzivi. Iyo diminutive Metropolitan yakavakirwa muEurope chete kumusika weAmerica.

Pegasus

Mugadziri weSpanish Pegaso akatanga kugadzira marori, matirakita nemidziyo yemauto muna 1946, asi akawedzera muna 102 neinoyevedza Z-1951 mota yemitambo. Kugadzirwa kwakatanga kubva 1951 kusvika 1958, iine huwandu hwemotokari makumi masere nemana dzakagadzirwa mumhando dzakasiyana siyana.

Z-102 yaivepo nemhando yeinjini kubva pa175 kusvika ku360 horsepower. Muna 1953, iyo yakachaja 102-litre Z-2.8 yakatyora rekodhi yemamaira nekumhanyisa kusvika paavhareji yekumhanya ye151 mph. Izvi zvakanga zvakakwana kuita kuti ive motokari yekugadzira yaimhanya zvikuru pasi rose panguva iyoyo. Pegaso, sekambani, yakaramba ichigadzira marori, mabhazi uye mota dzemauto kusvika yavharwa muna 1994.

Talbot-Lake

Kuvambwa kwekambani yemotokari yeTalbot-Lago kwakareba, kwakavhiringika, uye kwakaoma, asi izvozvo hazvina basa. Iyo nguva inonyanya kudyidzana nehukuru hwekambani inotanga apo Antonio Lago anotora kambani yemotokari yeTalbot muna 1936. Kutevera kushandiswa kwesarudzo yekutenga, Antonio Lago anorongazve Talbot kuti iumbe Talbot-Lago, kambani yemotokari inoshanda mujaho nemotokari dzemhando yepamusoro. kune vamwe vevatengi vakapfuma kwazvo munyika.

Motokari dzakaramba dzichimhanya kuLe Mans uye kuEurope yose, dzichiwana mukurumbira weBugatti wemotokari dzakagadzirwa zvakanaka, dzeumbozha, dzakagadzirwa nemaoko. Motokari inonyanya kuzivikanwa pasina mubvunzo ndeye T-1937-S, 150 yegore remuenzaniso.

Chemisette

Kune mota dzinoverengeka uye akati wandei automaker ane nhoroondo inogona kuenderana neTucker's. Preston Tucker akatanga kushanda pamotokari nyowani uye ine hunyanzvi muna 1946. Pfungwa iyi yaive yekuchinja dhizaini yemotokari, asi kambani nemurume ari kutungamira, Preston Tucker, vakabatikana mudzidziso dzekurangana, kuongorora kweUS Securities and Exchange Commission, uye gakava risingaperi renhau. uye neruzhinji.

Mota yakagadzirwa, Tucker 48, yaive mota chaiyo. Inofambiswa neinjini yeherikoputa yakagadziridzwa, iyo 5.4-liter flat-six yakagadzira 160 horsepower ine monstrous 372 lb-ft torque. Injini iyi yaive kumashure kwemota, iyo yakaita 48 rear engine uye rear wheel drive.

Triumph Motor Company

Mabviro aTriumph anotanga muna 1885 apo Siegfried Bettmann akatanga kutora mabhasikoro kubva kuEurope achiatengesa muLondon pasi pezita rekuti "Kukunda". Yekutanga Triumph bhasikoro yakagadzirwa muna 1889 uye yekutanga mudhudhudhu muna 1902. Yakanga isati yasvika muna 1923 apo motokari yekutanga yeKukunda, iyo 10/20, yakatengeswa.

Nekuda kwematambudziko emari, chikamu chemudhudhudhu chebhizinesi chakatengeswa muna 1936 uye ichiri kambani yakaparadzana zvachose kusvika nhasi. Bhizinesi remotokari raTriumph rakamutsiridzwa mushure meHondo Yenyika II uye rakagadzira mamwe emhando yepamusoro emumugwagwa weBritish uye mota dzemitambo dzezuva rayo. TR2, TR3, Spitfire, TR6, TR7 mifananidzo yeBritish mugwagwa, asi yakanga isina kukwana kuchengetedza mhando iri mhenyu mukufamba kwenguva.

Chiratidzo chinotevera chakadonha panguva yeKuderera Kukuru.

Willys-Overland Motors

Willys-Overland sekambani akatanga muna 1908 apo John Willis akatenga Overland Automotive. Kwemakumi maviri emakore ekutanga ezana ramakore rechi20, Willys-Overland aive wechipiri pakukura kugadzira mota muUS, mushure meFord. Kubudirira kukuru kwekutanga kwaWillys kwakauya pakutanga kweHondo Yenyika II, pavakagadzira nekuvaka Jeep.

Willys Coupe, imwe yakarova, yaive sarudzo yakakurumbira pakati pevajaho vekudhonza uye yakaratidza kuve yakabudirira zvakanyanya mumakwikwi eNHRA. Willys-Overland akazotengeswa kuAmerican Motors Corporation (AMC). AMC yakatengwa naChrysler, uye iyo yengano Jeep yakaratidza kubudirira zvakanyanya kukambani ichiri mukugadzirwa nhasi.

Oldsmobile

Oldsmobile, yakavambwa naRansome E. Olds, yaive kambani yemotokari yekutanga yakagadzira mota yekutanga kugadzirwa uye yakamisa mutsara wekutanga wekugadzira mota. Oldsmobile anga angovepo kwemakore gumi nerimwe sekambani yakamira yega apo General Motors vakaiwana muna 11. Oldsmobile yakaramba ichivandudza uye yakava mugadziri wekutanga kupa akazara otomatiki kutapurirana muna 1908. Muna 1940 vakaunza injini yeTurbo Jetfire, yekutanga kugadzira turbocharged injini.

Dzimwe dzemotokari dzeOldsmobile dzine mukurumbira dzinosanganisira 442 tsandanyama mota, Vista Cruiser station wagon, Toronado, uye Cutlass. Nehurombo, iyo mhando yakarasikirwa nekuona kwayo mu1990s uye yekutanga 2000s, uye mu2004 GM yakaguma kuvapo.

Stanley Motor Carriage Kambani

Muna 1897, motokari yekutanga yakagadzirwa nemapatya Francis Stanley naFreelan Stanley. Mumakore matatu akatevera, vakavaka nekutengesa motokari dzinopfuura mazana maviri, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakabudirira zvikuru kugadzira motokari dzeU.S. panguva iyoyo. Muna 200, mapatya akatengesa kodzero kumotokari dzavo dzekutanga-powered kukwikwidzana neLocomobile, iyo yakaramba ichiita motokari kusvika muna 1902. Mugore rimwe chetero, Kambani yeStanley Motor Carriage yakavambwa zviri pamutemo.

Chokwadi chinofadza: Muna 1906, motokari yaStanley ine mhepo ine mhepo yakaisa rekodhi pasi rose kwemaira inokurumidza zvikuru mumasekonzi 28.2 pa127 mph. Hapana imwe mota inofambiswa nemhepo yaigona kutyora rekodhi iyi kusvika 2009. Stanley Motors yakabuda mubhizinesi muna 1924 sezvo mota dzinofambiswa nepeturu dzakawedzera kushanda uye nyore kushanda.

Aerocar International

Tese tairota motokari inobhururuka, asi akanga ari Moulton Taylor akaita kuti chiroto ichocho chizadzike muna 1949. Mumugwagwa, iyo Aerocar yakakweva mapapiro anobviswa, muswe, uye propeller. Yaishanda semotokari yekufambisa mavhiri mberi uye yaigona kusvika pakumhanya kwemamaira makumi matanhatu paawa. Mumhepo, kukurumidza kukuru kwaiva 60 mph nehupamhi hwemamaira mazana matatu uye hurefu hwepamusoro hwe110 tsoka.

Aerocar International haina kukwanisa kuwana mirairo yakakwana yekuisa motokari yavo inobhururuka mukugadzirwa kwakakomba, uye matanhatu chete akambovakwa. Vese vatanhatu vari mumamyuziyamu kana muunganidzwa wepachivande uye mazhinji acho achiri kukwanisa kubhururuka.

B.S. Cunningham Company

Zvese zvikamu zveAmerica, mujaho wedzinza uye maEuropean-akafemerwa masitayipi anoita mota dzeBS Cunningham Kambani inokurumidza zvinoshamisa, yakavakwa zvakanaka uye neruchiva. Yakavambwa naBriggs Cunningham, muzvinabhizimusi akapfuma akamhanyisa mota dzemitambo uye mayachts, chinangwa chaive chekugadzira mota dzemitambo dzakagadzirwa neAmerica dzinogona kukwikwidza nemotokari dzakanakisa muEurope zvese munzira uye munzira.

Mota dzekutanga dzakagadzirwa nekambani iyi yaive yakatsaurirwa C2-R uye C4-R mota dzemujaho muna 1951 na1952. Ipapo kwakauya C3 yakanakisa, yaivewo mota yemujaho, asi yakagadziridzwa kushandiswa mumigwagwa. Mota yekupedzisira, C6-R racing mota, yakagadzirwa muna 1955 uye nekuti kambani yakagadzira mota shoma kwazvo haina kukwanisa kuenderera mberi nekugadzira mushure me1955.

Excalibur

Yakagadzirwa mushure meMercedes-Benz SSK uye yakavakirwa paStudebaker chassis, iyo Excalibur yaive yakareruka retro yemitambo mota yakatanga muna 1964. Mugadziri ane mukurumbira muindasitiri nemotokari Brooks Stevens, panguva iyoyo aishandira Studebaker, akagadzira mota asi akapinda mudambudziko remari. paStudebaker zvaireva kuti kupihwa kweinjini nemagiya ekumhanya kwaifanira kubva kumwewo.

Chibvumirano chakaitwa neGM kushandisa Corvette 327cc V8 ine mazana matatu emabhiza. Tichifunga nezvemota yacho yairema makirogiramu 300 chete, Excalibur yaimhanya zvakakwana. Ese mota zviuru zvitatu nemazana mashanu dzakavakwa dzakagadzirwa muMilwaukee, Wisconsin, uye mota yemhando yeretro yakaenderera kusvika 2100, pakadonha kambani.

Vana

Toyota's sub-brand, Scion, yakatanga kunambwa kukwezva chizvarwa chidiki chevatengi vemotokari. Iyo mhando yakasimbisa mataira, isingadhure uye yakasarudzika mota, uye yaivimba zvakanyanya nemabhunu uye nemavhairasi ekushambadzira maitiro. Zita rakakodzera rekambani, sezvo shoko rokuti Scion rinoreva "muzukuru wemhuri inokudzwa."

Chiratidziro chevechidiki chakatangwa muna 2003 nemhando dzexA uye xB. Ipapo kwakauya tC, xD, uye pakupedzisira hombe FR-S mota yemitambo. Mota idzi dzakagovanisa injini, kutumira uye chassis nehuwandu hwemhando yeToyota uye dzainyanya kuenderana neYaris kana iyo Corolla. Iyo mhando yakatorwa zvakare neToyota muna 2016.

Autobianchi

Muna 1955, mugadziri webhasikoro nemudhudhudhu Bianchi akabatanidzwa nekambani yematayi Pirelli uye mugadziri wemotokari Fiat kuumba Autobianchi. Iyo kambani yakagadzira chete diki subcompact mota uye yaive nzvimbo yekuyedza yeFiat yekuongorora magadzirirwo matsva uye pfungwa dzakadai semiviri yefiberglass uye yekumberi-vhiri dhiraivha.

Iyo A112, yakaunzwa muna 1969, inoramba iri mota ine mukurumbira inogadzirwa neAustbianchi. Kugadzirwa kwakaenderera mberi kusvika 1986, uye hatchback diki yaikosheswa nekubata kwayo kwakanaka, uye muAbarth Performance trim, yakave rally yakanaka kwazvo uye mukwikwidzi wemujaho. Kubudirira kweA112 Abarth kwakatungamira kumakwikwi emunhu mumwechete umo vazhinji vevatyairi vane mukurumbira vekuItaly vakakudza hunyanzvi hwavo.

nemekiyuri

Iyo Mercury brand, yakagadzirwa muna 1938 naEdsel Ford, yaive chikamu cheFord Motor Company yaida kugara pakati pemitsara yemotokari yeFord neLincoln. Yakanambwa seyekupinda-level yakasarudzika / premium brand, yakafanana neBuick kana Oldsmobile.

Zviri pachena kuti mota yakanakisa yakambogadzirwa neMercury yaive 1949CM Series 9. Yemhando yepamusoro coupe kana sedan, yave inopisa-inopisa inofarira uye icon. Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare nekuve mota inotyairwa nehunhu hwaJames Dean. Mhirizhonga pasina chikonzero. Iyo Cougar neMupambi dzaivewo mota hombe dzakagadzirwa neMercury, asi nyaya dzekuzivikanwa kwemhando muma2000s dzakakonzera Ford kumisa Mercury muna 2010.

Panhard

Mugadziri wemotokari weFrance Panhard akatanga kushanda muna 1887 uye aive mumwe wevagadziri vemotokari vekutanga munyika. Kambani iyi, panguva iyoyo yaizivikanwa sePanhard et Levassor, yaive piyona mukugadzira mota uye yakamisa akawanda emhando dzemota dzichiri kushandiswa nhasi.

Panhard ndiyo yaive mota yekutanga kupa clutch pedal kuti ishandise giya bhokisi uye yakamisikidzwa pane yekumashure vhiri remberi injini. Iyo Panhard Rod, yakajairwa kumashure kumiswa, yakagadzirwa nekambani. Iri referensi richiri kushandiswa nanhasi pamotokari dzemazuvano uye muNASCAR stock mota dzinovadaidza kuti trackbar.

Plymouth

Plymouth yakaunzwa muna 1928 naChrysler semhando yemotokari isingadhure. Ma1960 nema1970 raive zera regoridhe kuPlymouth sezvo vakaita basa rakakura mumhasuru yemotokari mijaho, mijaho yekuzvuzvurudza uye mijaho yemotokari nemhando dzakaita seGTX, Barracuda, Road Runner, Fury, Duster uye Super shiri inosekesa. .

Plymouth yakaedza kudzoreredza kubwinya kwayo kwekutanga mukupera kwe1990s nePlymouth Prowler asi yakakundikana sezvo mota yaive nechitarisiko asi kwete iyo retro hot tsvimbo maitiro akafuridzira dhizaini yayo. Iyo brand yakamiswa zviri pamutemo muna 2001.

Saturn

Saturn, "rudzi rwakasiyana rwekambani yemotokari," sekutaura kwavo sirogani, yakavambwa muna 1985 neboka revaimbove vatungamiri veGM. Pfungwa yaive yekugadzira nzira nyowani yekugadzira nekutengesa mota, nekutarisa kune madiki sedans uye coupes. Kunyangwe kuve mutsigiri weGM, kambani yaive yakaparadzana zvakanyanya.

Muna 1990, motokari yekutanga yeSaturn, SL2, yakasunungurwa. MaSaturn ekutanga, ane dhizaini yeramangwana uye anobata-anobata mapurasitiki emuviri mapaneru, akagamuchira akawanda wongororo yakanaka uye aitaridzika sevakwikwidzi vari pamutemo kuHonda neToyota. Zvisinei, GM yaigara yakanyungudutsa marashi nekugadzirwa kwemabheji, uye muna 2010 Saturn yakaparara.

Double Gia

Kazhinji murazvo unopfuta zvakapetwa kaviri pakureba, uye izvi ndizvo zvakaitika kuDual-Ghia, sezvo kambani yakavambwa muna 1956 asi yakagara kusvika 1958. Dual-Motors neCarrozzeria Ghia vakabatana kugadzira mota yemitambo yemhando yepamusoro ine Dodge chassis uye V8 injini ine muviri wakagadzirwa muItari naGhia.

Idzi dzaive mota dzemastaira, vapfumi nevane mukurumbira. Frank Sinatra, Desi Arnaz, Dean Martin, Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan naLyndon Johnson vaiva neimwe. Motokari zana negumi nenomwe dzakagadzirwa, makumi matanhatu dzadzo dzinotendwa dzichiripo uye dzichiri kuburitsa 117s maitiro kubva kumakona ese.

Iyo kambani Checker Motors Corporation

Checker Motors Corporation inozivikanwa neiyo iconic yero cabs yaitonga mumigwagwa yeNew York. Yakavambwa muna 1922, kambani iyi yaive musanganiswa weCommonwealth Motors uye Markin Automobile Body. Munguva ye1920s, kambani zvakare zvishoma nezvishoma yakawana Checker Taxi.

Iyo yakakurumbira yellow cab, iyo Checker A series, yakatanga kuunzwa muna 1959. Iyo styling yakaramba isina kuchinjika kusvika yakamiswa muna 1982. Nhamba dzinoverengeka dzeinjini dzakaiswa panguva yekugadzira, mota dzazvino dzichigamuchira GM V8 injini. Checker akagadzirawo taxi-yakagadzirwa mota dzevatengi uye mota dzekutengesa. Muna 2010, kambani yakabuda kunze kwebhizinesi mushure memakore ekutamburira kuita purofiti.

Nhoroondo yeAmerican Motors Corporation

American Motors Corporation (AMC) yakaumbwa kubva mukubatanidzwa kweNash-Kelvinator Corporation neHudson Motor Car Company muna 1954. Kusakwanisa kukwikwidza neBig Three uye matambudziko nemuridzi weRenault wekuFrance kwakatungamira Chrysler kutenga AMC muna1987. Kambani yakatorwa. paChrysler, asi nhaka yayo nemotokari zvinoramba zviripo nanhasi.

AMC yakagadzira dzimwe mota hombe panguva yavo, iyo AMX, Javelin neRebel dzaive mota dzemhasuru dzinonakidza, iyo Pacer yaive nemukurumbira. Wayne nyika, Iyo Jeep CJ (Wrangler), Cherokee uye Grand Cherokee yave mifananidzo munyika isiri-nzira.

bhaza

Hummer imhando yemarori ane hutsinye, ese-epasi-mumugwagwa ayo AM General akatanga kutengesa muna 1992. Muchokwadi, marori aya aive echiuto shanduro dzemauto HMMWV kana Humvee. Muna 1998, GM yakawana mhando uye yakatanga shanduro yehurumende yeHumvee inonzi H1. Yakanga iine zvese zvakatanhamara zvekunze-mumugwagwa zvemotokari yemauto, asi iine yakawedzera budiriro yemukati.

Hummer akabva aburitsa mhando dzeH2, H2T, H3 neH3T. Aya mamodheru aive akanyanya kubva pamarori eGM. GM payakamhan'arira kubhuroka muna 2009, vaitarisira kutengesa mhando yeHummer, asi pakanga pasina vatengi uye mhando yacho yakamiswa muna 2010.

Pirate

Rover yakatanga semugadziri wemabhasikoro muEngland muna 1878. Muna 1904, kambani yakawedzera kugadzirwa kwayo kwemotokari uye yakaramba ichishanda kusvika 2005, apo mhando yakamiswa. Isati yatengeswa kuLeyland Motors muna 1967, Rover yaive nemukurumbira wekugadzira mota dzemhando yepamusoro, dzepamusoro. Muna 1948 vakaunza Land Rover kupasi rose.

Rori inokwanisa uye yakakasharara yakakurumidza kuita zvakafanana nekugona kwekunze kwemugwagwa. Iyo Land Rover Range Rover yakaunzwa muna 1970 uye vamwe vese, sezvavanotaura, inhoroondo. Rover zvakare yakabudirira neiyo SD1 sedan. Yakashongedzwa sevhezheni yemagonhi mana eFerrari Daytona, yakawanawo budiriro pamujaho wemujaho weBoka A.

Delorean Motor Company

Mashoma emotokari uye makambani emotokari ane nhoroondo inoshamisa uye ine bongozozo seDeLorean Motor Company. Yakatangwa muna 1975 nainjiniya ane mukurumbira uye mukuru wemotokari John DeLorean, mota, kambani uye munhu akabatwa mune saga inosanganisira US Securities and Exchange Commission, FBI, hurumende yeBritain uye zvinogona kuitika mukutengesa zvinodhaka.

Iyo mota, yakagadzirwa naDMC DeLorean, yaive coupe ine simbi isina tsvina, magonhi egullwing, uye yepakati-injini yekumisikidza. Simba rakauya kubva kuPRV V6 isina kukwana zvinokatyamadza ine yakaderera zvakanyanya ye130 horsepower. Iyo kambani yakaparara muna 1982, asi iyo firimu Kudzokera kune Ramangwana, muna 1985 pakanga pave nekudzoka kwekufarira mumotokari yakasiyana nekambani.

Mosler

Warren Mosler, nyanzvi yezvehupfumi, hedge fund muvambi, injinjini uye anoshuvira wezvematongerwo enyika, akatanga kuvaka mota dzemitambo dzepamusoro muna 1985. Zita rekambani panguva iyoyo raive Consulier Industries uye mota yavo yekutanga, Consulier GTP, yaive isingaremi, inokurumidza kukurumidza yepakati-injini mota yemitambo yaizoenderera mberi ichitonga IMSA mujaho wemumugwagwa kwemakore matanhatu.

Consulier Industries yakatumidzwa zita rekuti Mosler Automotive muna 1993. Iyo kambani yakavaka kuenderera mberi kweGTP inonzi Mosler Intruder, inofambiswa neCorvette LT1 V8 injini. Raptor yakaonekwa muna 1997, asi iyo chaiyo yakarova yaive MT900, iyo yakatanga muna 2001. Zvinosuruvarisa, Mosler akarega kuvapo muna 2013, asi motokari dzavo dzichiri kubudirira munhangemutange munyika yose.

Amphicar

Imotokari yemvura here kana kuti igwa remumugwagwa? Chero nzira, Amphicar inokwanisa kubata zvese pasi negungwa. Yakagadzirwa naHans Tripel uye yakavakwa muWest Germany neQuandt Group, kugadzirwa kweamphibious mota kana chikepe chemugwagwa kwakatanga muna 1960 ndokuita ruzhinji rwevanhu pa1961 New York Auto Show.

Zviri pamutemo inonzi Amphicar Model 770, yaizivikanwa kuti "haisi mota yakanaka kwazvo uye isiri chikepe chakanaka, asi inoshanda zvikuru. Tinoda kufunga nezvayo semotokari inokurumidza kupfuura dzose pamusoro pemvura uye chikepe chinokurumidza kupfuura mumugwagwa." Iyo Amphicar, inofambiswa neiyo Triumph four-cylinder injini, yakagadzirwa kusvika 1965, ine yekupedzisira yemota dzakatengeswa muna 1968.

Askari Kars LLC.

Mugadziri wemotokari yemitambo yeBritish Ascari yakavambwa namuzvinabhizimusi wechiDutch Klaas Zwart muna 1995. Zwart akange ave nemakore akawanda achimhanyisa mota dzemitambo uye akafunga kuyedza ruoko rwake kudzivaka. Motokari yekutanga, Ecosse, yakagadzirwa nerubatsiro rweNoble Automotive, asi yaive KZ1 yakabuda muna 2003 iyo yakabata maziso.

Yakatumidzwa zita remutyairi wemujaho wekuItaly ane mukurumbira Alberto Ascari, mota dzakagadzirwa dzaive dzepakati-injini, dzichimhanya zvakanyanya, dzine ruzha uye dzakatarisana nenhangemutange. Mota dzeAscari dzakagara dzichikwikwidza mujaho wemotokari dzemitambo, mijaho yekutsungirira uye kutomhanya paMaawa makumi maviri nemana eLe Mans. Nehurombo, kambani yakabhuroka muna 24 uye fekitori pakagadzirwa mota yave kugarwa neAmerican Formula One timu Haas.

Chiseta Cars

Mukupera kwema1980, mutengesi weFerrari Claudio Zampolli uye mugadziri wemimhanzi Gorgio Moroder vakaungana kuti vagadzire yakasarudzika supercar yakagadzirwa neane mukurumbira stylist Marcello Gandini. Iyo dhizaini yakafanana neLamborghini Diablo, yakagadzirwawo naGandini, asi ine epic chaiyo 6.0-litre V16 injini. Mota gumi nenomwe dzakagadzirwa kambani isati yavharwa muItaly ndokutamira kuLos Angeles, California.

Injini inoshamisa yaiva V16 chaiyo ine imwe-cylinder block iyo yakashandisa mana humburumbira misoro yakavakirwa paLamborghini Urraco furati V8. Injini yakagadzira pamusoro pe450 horsepower uye yaigona kusvika pamusoro pekumhanya kweV16T kusvika 204 mph.

Cisitalia

Mushure meHondo Yenyika II, mijaho yemotokari yemitambo uye Grand Prix yaitongwa nevagadziri veItaly nezvikwata. Yakanga iri nguva yeAlfa Romeo, Maserati, Ferrari uye Cisitalia yakavakirwa muTurin. Cisitalia, yakavambwa naPiero Dusio muna 1946, yakatanga kugadzira mota dzemijaho dzeGrand Prix racing. Iyo D46 yakaratidza kubudirira uye pakupedzisira yakatungamira kumubatanidzwa nePorsche.

Mota dzeGT ndidzo dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa neCisitalia. Inowanzonzi "zvivezwa zvinotenderedza", mota dzeCisitalia dzakabatanidza chimiro cheItaly, kuita uye kunyaradza kukwikwidza chero chimwe chinhu mumigwagwa yezuva. Nepo Ferrari akawana tsoka yake, Cisitalia akanga atova shasha. Kambani iyi yakabhuroka muna 1963 uye nhasi mota dzayo dziri kudiwa zvakanyanya.

Pontiac

Pontiac yakaunzwa sechiratidzo muna 1926 naGeneral Motors. Pakutanga yaiitirwa kuve isingadhure uye kudyidzana neyakaremara Oakland brand. Zita rekuti Pontiac rinobva kumukuru ane mukurumbira weOttawa uyo akaramba kutorwa kweBritish kuMichigan uye akarwa hondo nenhare muDetroit. Guta rePontiac, Michigan, kwakagadzirwa mota dzePontiac, rakatumidzwa zita remukuru.

Mumakore ekuma1960, Pontiac yakasiya mukurumbira wayo semugadziri wemotokari yakachipa uye akazvivandudza sekambani yemotokari inotungamirwa nekuita. Pasina mubvunzo, motokari yakakurumbira yaiva GTO. Dzimwe mota dzakakurumbira dzaive Firebird, Trans-Am, Fiero neAztek ine mukurumbira..