ICE compression cheki

Yemukati combustion injini compression bvunzo inoitwa kunetsa mukati memoto injini. Kutsikirira ndiko kudzvanywa kwemusanganiswa mucylinder pasi pesimba rekunze kwemasimba. Inopimwa sereshiyo yekumanikidza yakapetwa ne1,3. Pakuyera compression, unogona tsvaga cylinder iri kutadza kushanda.

Kana motokari ine marudzi akasiyana-siyana ematambudziko, akadai sekudonha kwesimba, kurasikirwa kwemafuta, kugumburwa muinjini, ipapo vanotarisa makenduru, ma sensor, kuongorora injini yemoto yemukati yekukuvara uye kubuda. Kana macheki akadaro akasaunza mhedzisiro, vanobva vatendeukira pakuyera kumanikidza. Nzira yekuziva nayo uchishandisa muenzaniso weVAZ classic inoratidzwa muvhidhiyo iyi.

Mukuzvimirira Compression inogona kuongororwa ne compression gauge.. Pazviteshi zvebasa, macheki akadaro anoitwa uchishandisa compressograph kana mota tester.

Zvikonzero zvekuderera kwekumanikidza mumakomba

ICE compression inogona kuderera kwezvikonzero zvakawanda.:

• kupfeka kwepistoni uye zvikamu zveboka repiston;
• kurongeka kwenguva kwakashata;
• kupera kwemavharuvhu nemapistoni.

kuitira kunyatsoona chikonzero chekuparara, iyo yemukati combustion injini compression inoyerwa zvese kupisa uye kutonhora. Isu tichaona maitiro ekuita maitiro akadaro zvese nerubatsiro rwekumanikidza gauge uye pasina iyo.

Maitiro ekuyera compression mune yemukati combustion injini

Kutanga iwe unofanirwa kugadzirira injini yekupisa yemukati yekuyedza. Kuti tiite izvi, tinoda kudziya injini yekupisa mukati kusvika pakupisa kwe70-90 degrees. Mushure meizvi, unofanirwa kudzima pombi yemafuta, kuitira kuti mafuta asapiwe uye asunungure ma spark plugs.

Iva nechokwadi chekutarisa kushanda kwekutanga uye bhatiri kuchaja. Nhanho yekupedzisira yekugadzirira ndeyekuzarura throttle uye air valve.

Mushure mezvose izvi Ngatiendei kune compression test.:

1. Isu tinoisa muromo weiyo compression gauge mu spark plug yekubatanidza uye shandura injini neyekutanga kusvika kudzvinyirira kukura kwamira.
2. Iyo crankshaft inofanirwa kutenderera panenge 200 rpm.
3. Kana iyo ICE iri chokwadi, saka compression inofanira kusimuka mumasekonzi. Kana izvi zvikaitika kwenguva yakareba, zvindori zvepiston zvinopisa pachiso. Kana kudzvinyirira kusingawedzere zvachose, saka kazhinji iyo block gasket inoda kuchinjwa. Iyo shoma yekumanikidza mukati peturu yemukati inopisa injini inofanira kubva pa10 kg/cm20 (muine dizeli mukati meinjini yekupisa inopfuura XNUMX kg/cmXNUMX).
4. Mushure mekutora kuverenga, sunungura kudzvinyirira nekusunungura chivharo pamamita.
5. Tarisa mamwe ese macylinders nenzira imwechete.

Mufananidzo wematanho ekuyera kudzvanywa muhumburumbira

Pane imwe nzira yekutarisa, iyo inosiyana nepamusoro mumafuta iwayo anodururwa mucheki cylinder. Kuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa kunoratidza zvindori zvepiston zvakapfekwa, kana kudzvinyirira kusingawedzere, saka Chikonzero: cylinder head gasket, kana kuti kazhinji pane kuputika mumavharuvhu.

Kana injini yemoto yemukati iri mumamiriro akanaka, kumanikidzika mairi kunofanira kubva pa9,5 kusvika ku10 atmospheres (injini yepeturu), asi mumasilinda inofanira kusiyana nemhepo inopfuura imwe chete.

Iwe unogona zvakare kuongorora kusagadzikana kusimba nekusashanda mu carburetor. Kana mhepo ichidonha, tarisa kukwana kwevhavhavhavha. Kana mweya uchipukunyuka nepamusoro pe radiator, ipapo musoro we silinda une mhosva.

Chii chinokanganisa ICE compression

1. Throttle position. Kana iyo throttle yakavharwa kana yakavharwa, kudzvinyirira kunoderera
2. Sefa yemhepo yakasviba.
3. Kurongeka kwakashata kwevhavha nguvaapo vharafu inovhara uye inovhura panguva isiri iyo. Izvi zvinoitika kana bhandi kana cheni isina kuiswa zvisirizvo.
4. Kuvhara mavharuvhu panguva isiriyo nekuda kwekukanganisa mukutyaira kwavo.
5. Motokari tembiricha. Iyo yakakwirira tembiricha yayo, inowedzera tembiricha yemusanganiswa. Nokudaro, kudzvinyirira kwakaderera.
6. Mhepo inodonha. Mhepo inodonha, kuderedza kudzvinyirira. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nekukuvara kana kusakara kwechisikigo kwezvisimbiso zvekamuri yekupisa.
7. Mafuta achipinda mukamuri rinopisa kunowedzera compression.
8. Kana mafuta akawira mumhando yemadonhwe, ipapo kudzvinyirirwa kunoderera - mafuta anoshambidzwa, ayo anoita basa rechisimbiso.
9. Kushaikwa kwekuomesera mune geji yekumanikidza kana muvhavhavha yecheki.
10. crankshaft speed. Iyo yakakwirira iyo, iyo yakakwirira yekumanikidza, hakuzovi nekudonha nekuda kwekuora mwoyo.

Izvo zviri pamusoro zvinotsanangura nzira yekuyera kudzvanywa muinjini yekupisa yemukati inomhanya papeturu. Kana iri injini yedhiziri, zviyero zvinogadzirwa zvakasiyana.

Compression kuyerwa muinjini yedhiziri

1. Kuti udzime kugovera dizeli kune injini, unoda kubvisa valve yekugovera mafuta kubva kune magetsi. inogonawo kuitwa nekusunga chivharo chekuvharira papombi yepamusoro yekumanikidza.
2. Zviyero pane injini yedhiziri zvinogadzirwa neakakosha gauge yekumanikidza, ine maitiro ayo.
3. Paunenge uchitarisa, haufanirwe kudzvanya gasi pedal, sezvo pasina throttle mune akadaro emukati emoto injini. Kana zvakadaro, inofanira kucheneswa isati yatariswa.
4. chero mhando yeinjini yekupisa yemukati ine mirairo yakakosha yekuti kudzvanywa kunoyerwa sei pairi.

Compression bvunzo pane dizeli injini.

Compression test pamota jekiseni

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti zviyero zvekumanikidza zvinogona kunge zvisiri izvo. Pakuyera, kune chikamu chikuru, iwe unofanirwa kufunga nezvekudzvanya mutsauko mumasilinda, uye kwete avhareji yekumanikidza kukosha.

Iva nechokwadi chekufunga nezvema parameter akadai sekushisa kweoiri, injini yekupisa yemukati, mhepo, kumhanya kweinjini, nezvimwe. Chete tichifunga nezvese parameters zvinokwanisika kutora mhedziso nezve chiyero chekupfeka kwepiston uye zvimwe zvikamu zvinokanganisa kumanikidza. Uye semugumisiro wezvose izvi zvinokanganisa, ipa mhedziso pamusoro pekudiwa kwekugadzirisa kukuru kwejini inopisa mukati.

Maitiro ekutarisa compression pasina compression gauge

Iwe haugone kuyera compression pasina geji. Sezvo izwi rekuti “kuyera” richireva kushandiswa kwechiyereso. Kuti hazvibviri kuyera kudzvanya mune injini yekupisa yemukati pasina gauge yekumanikidza. Asi kana uchida kutarisa kuona kana iripo (somuenzaniso, mushure mebhandi renguva rakaputsika kana nguva yakareba yemotokari, nezvimwewo), kureva, dzimwe dzenzira dziri nyore Maitiro ekutarisa compression pasina compression gauge. Chiratidzo chekumanikidzika kwakashata maitiro emotokari, apo, semuenzaniso, pakumhanya kwakadzika inoshanda neusimbe uye isina kugadzikana, uye nekumhanya kwakanyanya "inomuka", nepo utsi hwavo hwekubuda huine bluish, uye kana ukatarisa makenduru, achava mumafuta. Nekuderera kwekumanikidza, kudzvinyirira kwe crankcase gasi kunowedzera, iyo ventilation system inova yakasviba nekukurumidza uye, semhedzisiro, kuwedzera kwe CO toxicity, kusvibiswa kwekamuri yekupisa.

Compression bvunzo pasina zviridzwa

Iyo yekutanga ICE yekumanikidza bvunzo isina zviridzwa - nenzeve. Saka, semazuva ese, kana paine kudzvanywa mukati meinjini yekupisa macylinders, ipapo nekutendeutsa iyo yekutanga unogona kunzwa kuti injini inoshanda sei chero yekumanikidza sitiroko ine hunhu hunonzwika. Uye kazhinji, injini yekupisa yemukati inogona kuzungunuka zvishoma. Kana pasina kumanikidzana, hapana mabhii akajeka achanzwika, uye hapazovi nekudedera. Izvi zvinowanzoratidza bhandi renguva rakaputsika.

Vhidhiyo maitiro ekutarisa kudzvanywa kweinjini yekupisa yemukati isina zviridzwa

Stoppered dhayamita yakakodzera (rabha, cortical plastiki kana jira gobvu) kenduru zvakanaka, wakambosunungura kenduru yeimwe yemasilinda, unogona kutarisa kana paine kana imwe mhando yekumanikidza. Mushure mezvose, kana iripo, ipapo cork ichabhururuka kunze neine hunhu hwekotoni. Kana pasina kudzvanyirirwa, zvino icharamba iripo.

Simba rinoshandiswa pakushandura KV. Iyi nzira yekutarisa kudzvanya haina kana kurongeka zvachose, asi, zvisinei, vanhu dzimwe nguva vanoishandisa. Izvo zvinodikanwa kusunungura makenduru ese, kunze kwecylinder yekutanga uye neruoko, ne crankshaft pulley bolt, inotenderera kusvika iyo yekumanikidza sitiroko yapera (yakatemerwa nezviratidzo zvenguva). zvino tinodzokorora maitiro akafanana nemamwe ose macylinders, anenge achiyeuka simba rinoshandiswa. Sezvo zviyero zviri zvekupokana, saka zviri nani kushandisa gauge yekumanikidza. Chigadzirwa chakadaro chinofanira kuwanika kune mumwe muridzi wemotokari, nokuti mutengo wayo wakakwirira kwazvo kuitira kuti usatenga, uye rubatsiro rwake runogona kudiwa chero nguva. iwe unogona kutsvaga kukosha kwekumanikidza kwemota yako kubva kubhuku rebasa kana kuti uwane iyo yekumanikidza reshiyo yemukati inopisa injini yemotokari yako, ipapo iyo compression inogona kuverengerwa neformula: compression ratio * K (apo K \ u1,3d 1,3 yepeturu uye 1,7-XNUMX, XNUMX yedhiziri mukati meinjini dzinopisa).

Maererano nemamiriro ekunze kana mamiriro e spark plugs, murangaridzi ane ruzivo chete ndiye anogona kuona compression pasina mudziyo, uye zvakafanana, zvakati.

Nzira yakadaro yakakodzera kumota dzine injini yakasakaraapo kukwira kumusoro kwakawedzera, uye utsi chena-bhuruu nehumwe hwema hwakaonekwa kubva kune muffler. Izvi zvicharatidza kuti mafuta akatanga kupinda mumakamuri ekupisa nenzira dzakawanda. Munhu ane pfungwa dzakakwana maererano nekuneta uye mamiriro emakenduru, pamwe nekuongorora acoustic ruzha (kuteerera ruzha, unoda chigadziro chinonzi stethoscope yezvokurapa ine mechanical sensor), ichanyatsoona kuti nei utsi hwakadaro uye kushandiswa kwemafuta.

Pane zvikonzero zviviri zvikuru zvekuvapo kwemafuta - mafuta anoratidza mavharuvhu mavharuvhu kana cylinder-piston boka (mhete, piston, cylinders), izvo zvinoratidza kutsauka mukumanikidza.

Kana zvisimbiso zvasakara, zvinowanzoonekwa mhete dzemafuta dzakatenderedza spark plugs uye exhaust, zvino uye Compression test inogona kana kusaitwa.. Asi kana, mushure mekudziya injini inopisa mukati, utsi hunoenderera mberi kana kuwedzera kwayo kunowedzera, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti injini yemoto yemukati yakasakara. Uye kuti uone kuti chii chaizvo chakaita kuti compression iparare, unofanirwa kuita mashoma mashoma bvunzo.

Kushaikwa Compression Miedzo

kuti uwane mhinduro yakarurama, inodiwa kushandisa nzira dzose dziri pamusoro apa nekuenzanisa nemigumisiro yakawanikwa.

Kuti uone kupfeka kwezvindori, zvakakwana kupfapfaidza, kubva kune sirinji, chaizvoizvo 10 magiramu emafuta muhumburumbira, uye dzokorora cheki. Kana kudzvinyirira kwakawedzera, ipapo zvindori kana zvimwe zvikamu zve-cylinder-piston boka zvakaneta. Kana zviratidzo zvikaramba zvisina kuchinjwa, mhepo inopinda mukati me gasket kana mavharuvhu, uye muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki nekuda kwekutsemuka mumusoro we cylinder. Uye kana dzvinyiriro yachinja chaizvo ne 1-2 bar, inguva yekuridza alarm - ichi chiratidzo chekutsva kwepiston.

Kudzikira kweyunifomu mukudzvanya mumasilinda kunoratidza kusakara uye kubvaruka kweinjini yekupisa kwemukati uye hachisi chiratidzo chekukurumidza kugadzirisa.

Compression measurement results

Compression kuyerwa mhedzisiro inoratidza mamiriro einjini yekupisa yemukati, anoti pistons, piston mhete, mavharuvhu, camshafts, uye inobvumira sarudzo kuti dziitwe pakuda kugadziriswa kana kutsiva chete kwemusoro gasket kana valve stem seals.

Painjini dzepeturu, kudzvanya kwakajairika kuri pakati pe12-15 bar. Kana iwe uchinzwisisa zvakadzama, maitiro acho achava seanotevera:

• kumberi-vhiri kutyaira mota dzepamba uye mota dzekare dzekunze - 13,5-14 bar;
• kumashure-vhiri kutyaira carburetor - kusvika 11-12;
• mota itsva dzekunze 13,7-16 bar, uye turbocharged mota dzine vhoriyamu yakakura kusvika ku18 bar.
• mumasilinda emotokari yedhiziri, kumanikidza kunofanira kunge kuri 25-40 atm.

Tafura iri pazasi inoratidza kwakaringana kumanikidza kudzvanywa kukosha kune akasiyana maICE:

ICE mhando	Value, bar	Kupfeka muganhu, bar
1.6, 2.0 l	10,0 - 13,0	7,0
1.8 l	9,0 - 14,0	7,5
3.0, 4.2 l	10,0 - 14,0	9,0
1.9 l TDI	25,0 - 31,0	19,0
2.5 l TDI	24,0 - 33,0	24,0

Migumisiro yekukura kwemasimba

When kukosha kwekumanikidza 2-3 kgf/cm², uye ipapo, mukuita kutendeuka, inosimuka zvakasimba, ipapo zvindori zvekumanikidzira zvingangosakara. Muchiitiko chimwe chete, kudzvinyirira kunowedzera zvakanyanya pamutambo wekutanga wekushanda, kana mafuta akadonhedzwa muhumburumbira.

When kudzvinyirira pakarepo kunosvika 6-9 kgf / cm² uye zvadaro hazvichinje, zvinogoneka kudaro mavharuvhu haana kusimba (lapping ichagadzirisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu) kana yakasakara humburumbira musoro gasket.

Muchiitiko apo inocherechedzwa kuderedza kudzvinyirira ( nezve pane 20%) mune imwe cylinders, uye panguva imwechete injini idling haina kugadzikana, ipapo yakakura mukana wekupfeka kwecamshaft cam.

Kana mhedzisiro yekuyera kudzvanywa yakaratidza kuti mune imwe yemasilinda (kana maviri ari padyo), kudzvanywa kunokwira zvinooneka zvishoma nezvishoma uye. pa 3-5 atm. pasi penguva dzose, ipapo Zvichida gasket rakaputika pakati pechivharo nemusoro (iwe unofanirwa kuterera kune mafuta ari muinotonhorera).

Nenzira, haufanirwe kufara kana uine yekare injini inopisa mukati, asi compression yakawedzera kupfuura pane imwe itsva - kuwedzera kwekumanikidza kunokonzerwa nekuti semugumisiro wekushanda kwenguva refu combustion chamber ine mafuta deposits izvo zvisiri kungokanganisa kupisa kwekupisa, asi zvakare kuderedza huwandu hwayo, uye semhedzisiro, detonation yekuvhenekera kupenya uye matambudziko akafanana anooneka.

Kusaenzana cylinder compression inokonzeresa kuzunguzika kweinjini yekupisa yemukati (kunyanya inooneka pakumhanya uye yakaderera kumhanya), izvo zvinozokuvadza zvese kutapurirana uye kukwira kweinjini. Saka, wayera kudzvanywa kwekumanikidza, zvakakosha kutora mhedziso uye kubvisa chirema.