Kutarisa kupisa ne oscilloscope

Iyo yakanyanyisa nzira yekuongorora iyo ignition masisitimu emotokari dzemazuva ano inoitwa uchishandisa mota-tester. Ichi chishandiso chinoratidza iyo yakakwira voltage waveform yeiyo ignition system, uye zvakare inopa chaiyo-nguva ruzivo nezve ignition pulses, breakdown voltage value, kupisa nguva uye spark simba. Pamwoyo wemotor tester nhema digital oscilloscope, uye zvabuda zvinoratidzwa pachiratidziro chekombuta kana piritsi.

Iyo nzira yekuongorora yakavakirwa pane chokwadi chekuti chero kukundikana mune ese ekutanga uye echipiri maseketi anogara achiratidzwa muchimiro cheoscillogram. Iyo inobatwa neinotevera parameters:

Kutarisa kupisa ne oscilloscope

• nguva yekudzima moto;
• crankshaft speed;
• throttle opening angle;
• kuwedzera kudzvinyirira kukosha;
• kuumbwa kwemusanganiswa wekushanda;
• zvimwe zvikonzero.

Nokudaro, nerubatsiro rwe oscillogram, zvinokwanisika kuongorora kuparara kwete chete mumoto wemoto, asiwo mune zvimwe zvikamu uye maitiro. Ignition system yekuputsika yakakamurwa kuita yekusingaperi uye sporadic (inoitika chete pasi pemamwe mamiriro ekushanda). Muchiitiko chekutanga, testary tester inoshandiswa, mune yechipiri, nharembozha inoshandiswa apo motokari ichifamba. Nekuda kwekuti kune akati wandei ekudzimisa masisitimu, iyo yakagamuchirwa oscillogram ichapa ruzivo rwakasiyana. Ngatikurukurei mamiriro ezvinhu aya zvakadzama.

Classic ignition

Funga nezvemienzaniso chaiyo yekukanganisa uchishandisa muenzaniso weoscillograms. Mune manhamba, magirafu eiyo yakashata ignition system inoratidzwa mutsvuku, zvichiteerana, mune yegirini - inoshanda.

Vhura mushure mecapacitive sensor

Kupwanya waya yakakwira-voltage pakati pekuisa poindi ye capacitive sensor uye spark plugs.. Muchiitiko ichi, kuparara kwemagetsi kunowedzera nekuda kwekuonekwa kweimwe spark gap yakabatanidzwa munhevedzano, uye nguva yekupisa inoderera. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, spark haioneki zvachose.

Hazvikurudzirwi kubvumira kushanda kwenguva refu nekuputsika kwakadaro, sezvo zvinogona kutungamirira mukuparara kwepamusoro-voltage insulation ye ignition system zvinhu uye kukuvadza kune simba transistor yekuchinja.

Wire break pamberi pecapacitive sensor

Kupwanya kwepakati yakakwira-voltage waya pakati peiyo ignition coil nenzvimbo yekuisa yecapacitive sensor.. Muchiitiko ichi, imwe spark gap inowanikwawo. Nekuda kweizvi, voltage ye spark inowedzera, uye nguva yekuvapo kwayo inoderera.

Muchiitiko ichi, chikonzero chekukanganiswa kweoscillogram ndechokuti kana spark discharge ichipisa pakati pemagetsi emagetsi ekenduru, inopisawo pamwe chete pakati pemigumo miviri yewaya yakaputsika yakakwirira-voltage.

Kupokana kwewaya yakakwira voltage pakati penzvimbo yekuisa yecapacitive sensor uye spark plugs yakawedzera zvakanyanya.

Kuwedzera kupikisa kweyakakwira voltage waya pakati pekuisa poindi ye capacitive sensor uye spark plugs.. Kupokana kwewaya kunogona kuwedzerwa nekuda kweiyo oxidation yevanobatika nayo, kuchembera kwemutyairi, kana kushandiswa kwewaya yakarebesa. Pamusana pekuwedzera kwekupikisa pamagumo etambo, mhepo inodonha. Nokudaro, chimiro che oscillogram chakakanganiswa kuitira kuti magetsi ekutanga kwe spark awedzere kudarika magetsi pamagumo ekupisa. Nekuda kweizvi, nguva yekutsva kwe spark inova pfupi.

kuputsika mu-high-voltage insulation kazhinji ndiko kuputsika kwayo. Vanogona kuitika pakati pe:

• yakakwira-voltage kubuda kweiyo coil uye imwe yezvakabuda zvekutanga mhepo yekoiri kana "pasi";
• high-voltage waya uye mukati combustion injini dzimba;
• ignition distributor cover uye distributor housing;
• distributor slider uye distributor shaft;
• "cap" ye-high-voltage waya uye injini inopisa mukati meimba;
• waya tip uye spark plug imba kana yemukati yekupisa injini imba;
• iyo yepakati conductor yekenduru nemuviri wayo.

kazhinji, mukuita zvisina basa kana pamitoro yakaderera yeinjini yekupisa yemukati, zvakanyanya kuoma kuwana kukuvara kwekudzivirira, kusanganisira kana uchiongorora injini yekupisa yemukati uchishandisa oscilloscope kana mota tester. Saizvozvo, mota inoda kugadzira mamiriro akakomba kuitira kuti kuparara kuzviratidze pachena (kutanga injini yekupisa yemukati, nekukasira kuvhura iyo throttle, inoshanda kune yakaderera revs pamutoro mukuru).

Mushure mekuitika kwekubuda panzvimbo yekukuvara kwekudzivirira, ikozvino inotanga kuyerera muchikamu chechipiri. Nokudaro, iyo voltage pacoil inoderera, uye haisviki kukosha kunodiwa pakuputsika pakati pemagetsi pamakenduru.

Kurutivi rworuboshwe rwechifananidzo, unogona kuona kuumbwa kwe spark discharge kunze kwekamuri inopisa nekuda kwekukuvara kwepamusoro-voltage insulation ye ignition system. Muchiitiko ichi, injini inopisa mukati inoshanda nemutoro mukuru (regassing).

Iyo yepamusoro ye spark plug insulator yakasvibiswa zvakanyanya padivi rekamuri yekupisa.

Kusvibiswa kwe spark plug insulator padivi rekamuri rinopisa. Izvi zvinogona kuve nekuda kwekuiswa kwe soot, mafuta, masara kubva kumafuta uye mafuta ekuwedzera. Muzviitiko izvi, ruvara rwedhipoziti pane insulator ichachinja zvakanyanya. Iwe unogona kuverenga ruzivo nezve kuongororwa kweinjini dzinopisa mukati nemuvara wesoti pane kenduru zvakasiyana.

Kusvibiswa kwakakosha kweiyo insulator kunogona kukonzera spark dzepamusoro. Nomuzvarirwo, kubuda kwakadaro hakupi kupisa kwakavimbika kwemusanganiswa wemhepo unopisa, unokonzera kukanganisa. Dzimwe nguva, kana insulator yakasvibiswa, flashovers inogona kuitika nguva nenguva.

Chimiro che high voltage pulses inogadzirwa ne ignition coil ine interturn breakdown.

Kuparara kwe interturn insulation ye ignition coil windings. Muchiitiko chekuputsika kwakadaro, spark discharge inooneka kwete chete pa spark plug, asiwo mukati meiyo ignition coil (pakati pekutendeuka kwemhepo yayo). Zvinowanzotora simba kubva pakubuda kukuru. Uye iyo yakareba iyo coil inoshandiswa mune iyi modhi, simba rakawanda rinorasika. Pamitoro yakaderera pane injini inopisa mukati, kuparara kwakatsanangurwa kunogona kusanzwika. Zvisinei, nekuwedzera kwemutoro, injini inopisa mukati inogona kutanga "troit", kurasikirwa nesimba.

Gap pakati pe spark plug electrodes uye compression

Mukaha uripo pakati pe spark plug electrodes wakaderedzwa. Iyo injini yekupisa yemukati iri kuita idling isina mutoro.

Iyo gap yakataurwa inosarudzirwa mota yega yega, uye zvinoenderana neanotevera paramita:

• iyo yakanyanya voltage yakagadzirwa nekoiri;
• kusimba kwekudzivirira kwemaitiro ehurongwa;
• yakanyanya kudzvinyirirwa mukamuri yekupisa panguva yekupisa;
• hupenyu hwebasa hunotarisirwa hwemakenduru.

Kusiyana pakati pe electrode ye spark plug inowedzera. Iyo injini yekupisa yemukati iri kuita idling isina mutoro.

Uchishandisa oscilloscope ignition test, unogona kuwana kusapindirana kure pakati pe spark plug electrodes. Saka, kana chinhambwe chadzikira, saka mukana wekupisa kwemafuta-mhepo musanganiswa wakaderedzwa. Muchiitiko ichi, kuputsika kunoda yakaderera kuputsa voltage.

Kana gaka riri pakati pe electrode pakenduru richiwedzera, ipapo kukosha kwekuparara kwemagetsi kunowedzera. Naizvozvo, kuitira kuti uve nechokwadi chekubatidza kwakavimbika kwemusanganiswa wemafuta, zvinodikanwa kushandisa injini yekupisa mukati pamutoro mudiki.

Ndokumbira utarise kuti kushanda kwenguva refu kwecoil mune modhi iyo inoburitsa iyo yakanyanya spark inogoneka, chekutanga, inotungamira mukupfeka kwayo kwakanyanya uye kutadza kwekutanga, uye chechipiri, izvi zvakazara nekupunzika kwekudzivirira mune zvimwe zvinhu zveiyo ignition system, kunyanya pakakwirira. -voltage. kune zvakare mukana wepamusoro wekukuvadza kune zvinhu zvekuchinja, zvinoti, simba rayo transistor, rinoshanda dambudziko rekudzima coil.

Kudzvinyirira kwakadzika. Paunenge uchitarisa iyo ignition system ine oscilloscope kana mota tester, yakaderera compression mune imwe kana kupfuura silinda inogona kuonekwa. Ichokwadi ndechokuti pakumanikidzika kwakaderera panguva yekuputika, kudzvinyirira kwegesi kunoderedzwa. Saizvozvo, kudzvanywa kwegasi pakati pema electrode e spark plug panguva yekutsvuka zvakare kunotariswa. Naizvozvo, yakaderera voltage inodiwa pakuputsika. Chimiro chepulse hachichinje, asi chete amplitude inoshanduka.

Mumufananidzo uri kurudyi, unoona oscillogram apo gasi rinopisa mukamuri rinopisa panguva yekupisa rinodzikiswa nekuda kwekudzvinyirira kwakaderera kana nekuda kwekukosha kukuru kwenguva yekudzima. Iyo injini yekupisa yemukati mune iyi kesi iri kuita idling isina mutoro.

DIS ignition system

High-voltage ignition pulses inogadzirwa neane hutano DIS ignition coils yema ICE maviri akasiyana (isimbe isina mutoro).

Iyo DIS (Double Ignition System) ignition system ine yakakosha coil yekubatidza. Ivo vanosiyana pakuti ivo vakashongedzerwa maviri akakwira-voltage terminals. Imwe yadzo yakabatanidzwa kune yekutanga yemagumo echipiri mhepo, yechipiri - kusvika kumagumo echipiri echipiri mhepo yemhepo yekudzima coil. Imwe neimwe coil yakadaro inoshandisa macylinders maviri.

Maererano nezvinotsanangurwa, kusimbiswa kwekupisa ne oscilloscope uye kubviswa kwe oscillogram yevoltage ye-high-voltage ignition pulses uchishandisa capacitive DIS sensors inoitika zvakasiyana. Ndiko kuti, inobuda kuverenga chaiko kweiyo oscillogram yekubuda kwevoltage yecoil. Kana macoil ari mumamiriro akanaka, ipapo maoscillations akanyorova anofanira kucherechedzwa pakupera kwekupisa.

Kuti uite diagnostics yeDIS-ignition system neprimary voltage, zvinodikanwa kutora voltage oscillograms pane yekutanga windings yemakoiri.

Mufananidzo Tsanangudzo:

Voltage waveform pane yechipiri dunhu reDIS ignition system

1. Kuratidzira kwenguva yekutanga kwekuunganidza simba mune coil yekupisa. Inopindirana nenguva yekuvhura kweiyo simba transistor.
2. Kuratidzira kwenzvimbo yeshanduko yekuchinja kune yazvino yekumisikidza modhi mukutanga mhepo yekudzima coil padanho re6 ... 8 A. Mazuvano DIS masisitimu ane machinjiro asina yazvino yekumisa modhi, saka hapana nzvimbo ye high-voltage pulse.
3. Kuparara kwepakati pepakati pema electrode e spark plugs anoshandiswa necoil uye kutanga kwekutsva kwe spark. Inopindirana nenguva nenguva yekuvhara iyo transistor yemagetsi yekuchinja.
4. Spark inopisa nzvimbo.
5. Kupera kwekutsva kwe spark uye kutanga kwekunyorovesa oscillations.

Mufananidzo Tsanangudzo:

Voltage waveform pane yekudzora inobuda DIS yeiyo ignition coil.

1. Iyo nguva yekuvhura iyo transistor yemagetsi yekuchinja (kutanga kwesimba kuunganidza mune remagineti yeiyo ignition coil).
2. Iyo zone yekuchinja kwekuchinja kune yazvino yekumisikidza modhi muyepuraimari dunhu kana ikozvino mumhepo yekutanga mhepo yekudzima coil inosvika 6 ... 8 A. Mumazuva ano DIS ignition masisitimu, ma switch haana ikozvino yekumisa maitiro. , uye, saizvozvo, hapana zone 2 pane yekutanga voltage waveform isipo.
3. Iyo nguva yekuvhara iyo transistor yemagetsi yekuchinja (mune yechipiri dunhu, mune iyi kesi, kuparara kwe spark gap kunoonekwa pakati pe electrode ye spark plugs inoshandiswa necoil uye spark inotanga kupisa).
4. Kuratidzira kwemoto unopfuta.
5. Kuratidzira kwekumira kwekupisa kwe spark uye kutanga kwekunyorova oscillations.

Individual kubatidza

Masisitimu ekubatidza ega akaiswa pane mazhinji emazuva ano injini dzepeturu. Iwo akasiyana kubva kukirasi uye DIS masisitimu mune izvozvo imwe neimwe spark plug inoshandirwa nemunhu wega coil yekubatidza. kazhinji, coils akaiswa chete pamusoro makenduru. Dzimwe nguva, kuchinja kunoitwa uchishandisa high-voltage waya. Makoiri ari emhando mbiri − compact и tsvimbo.

Paunenge uchiongorora imwe yeiginition system, zvinotevera paramita inotariswa:

• kuvapo kwekunyorovesa oscillations pamagumo e spark inopisa chikamu pakati pe electrodes ye spark plug;
• nguva yekuwedzera kwesimba mumagetsi emagetsi ekudzima coil (kazhinji, iri muhuwandu hwe1,5 ... 5,0 ms, zvichienderana nemuenzaniso wekoiri);
• nguva yekupisa kwemoto pakati pe electrode ye spark plug (kazhinji, i 1,5 ... 2,5 ms, zvichienderana nemuenzaniso wekoiri).

Primary voltage diagnostics

Kuti utarise coil yega neprimary voltage, unofanirwa kuona iyo voltage waveform pane yekudzora kubuda kweyekutanga mhepo yekoiri uchishandisa oscilloscope probe.

Mufananidzo Tsanangudzo:

Oscillogram yevoltage pakudzora kubuda kweiyo yekutanga mhepo yekusevenza yega coil yekubatidza.

1. Iyo nguva yekuvhura iyo transistor yemagetsi yekuchinja (kutanga kwesimba kuunganidza mune remagineti yeiyo ignition coil).
2. Iyo nguva yekuvhara iyo transistor yemagetsi yekuchinja (iyo iripo muchikamu chekutanga inongoerekana yavhiringidzwa uye kuparara kwe spark gap kunoonekwa pakati pemagetsi e spark plug).
3. Nzvimbo iyo spark inopisa pakati pemagetsi e spark plug.
4. Kudedera kwakanyorova kunoitika pakarepo mushure mekupera kwekupisa kwe spark pakati pema electrode e spark plug.

Mumufananidzo uri kuruboshwe, iwe unogona kuona iyo voltage waveform pane yekudzora kubuda kweyekutanga mhepo yeanokanganisa munhu pfupi pfupi. Chiratidzo chekuputsika ndiko kusavapo kwekunyorovesa oscillations mushure mekupera kwe spark inopisa pakati pe spark plug electrodes (chikamu "4").

Secondary voltage kuongororwa ine capacitive sensor

Iko kushandiswa kwecapacitive sensor kuwana voltage waveform pane coil inonyanya kufarirwa, sezvo chiratidzo chinowanikwa nerubatsiro rwacho chinonyatso dzokorora voltage waveform muchikamu chechipiri cheiyo yakaongororwa ignition system.

Oscillogram yeyakakwira voltage pulse yeane hutano compact munhu mupfupi wedunhu, yakawanikwa uchishandisa capacitive sensor.

Mufananidzo Tsanangudzo:

1. Kutanga kwekuunganidza simba mune magnetic field ye coil (inopindirana nenguva nekuvhurwa kwesimba transistor yekuchinja).
2. Kuputsika kwepakati pepakati pemagetsi e spark plug uye kutanga kwekutsva kwe spark (panguva iyo transistor yemagetsi inovhara).
3. Iyo spark inopisa nzvimbo pakati pe spark plug electrodes.
4. Damped oscillations inoitika mushure mekupera kwekasi inopisa pakati pe electrodes yekenduru.

Oscillogram yeyakakwira voltage pulse yehutano compact munhu mupfupi wedunhu, yakawanikwa uchishandisa capacitive sensor. Kuvapo kwekunyorovesa oscillations pakarepo mushure mekuparara kwe spark gap pakati pe spark plug electrodes (iyo nzvimbo yakanyorwa nechiratidzo "2") imhedzisiro yemaitiro ekugadzira coil uye haisi chiratidzo chekuputsika.

Oscillogram yeyakakwira voltage pulse yeakakanganisa compact munhu mupfupi wedunhu, akawanikwa uchishandisa capacitive sensor. Chiratidzo chekuputsika ndiko kusavapo kwekunyorovesa oscillations mushure mekupera kwekasi inopisa pakati pe electrodes yekenduru (nzvimbo inotaridzirwa nechiratidzo "4").

Secondary voltage diagnostics uchishandisa inductive sensor

An inductive sensor kana ichiita diagnostics pane yechipiri voltage inoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo zvisingabviri kutora chiratidzo uchishandisa capacitive sensor. Makoiri ekubatidza akadaro anonyanya kudonhedza mapfupi ega ega, compact munhu mapfupi maseketi ane akavakirwa-mukati simba nhanho yekudzora yekutanga mhepo, uye munhu mapfupi maseketi akasanganiswa kuita modules.

Oscillogram yeyakakwira voltage pulse yeane hutano tsvimbo yemunhu mupfupi wedunhu, yakawanikwa uchishandisa inductive sensor.

Mufananidzo Tsanangudzo:

1. Kutanga kwekuunganidza simba mune magnetic field ye ignition coil (inopindirana nenguva nekuvhurwa kwesimba transistor yekuchinja).
2. Kuparara kwepakati pepakati pemagetsi e spark plug uye kutanga kwekupisa kwe spark (panguva iyo transistor yemagetsi inovhara).
3. Nzvimbo iyo spark inopisa pakati pemagetsi e spark plug.
4. Kudedera kwakanyorova kunoitika pakarepo mushure mekupera kwekupisa kwe spark pakati pema electrode e spark plug.

Oscillogram yeyakakwira voltage pulse yechinhu chinokanganisa tsvimbo yega pfupi, yakawanikwa uchishandisa inductive sensor. Chiratidzo chekukundikana ndiko kusavapo kwekunyorovesa oscillations pakupera kwenguva yekupisa kwe spark pakati pe spark plug electrodes (nzvimbo yakanyorwa nechiratidzo "4").

Oscillogram yeyakakwira voltage pulse yechinhu chinokanganisa tsvimbo yega pfupi, yakawanikwa uchishandisa inductive sensor. Chiratidzo chekukundikana kusavapo kwekunyoroveswa kwemhepo pakupera kwekupisa kwe spark pakati pe spark plug electrodes uye nguva pfupi pfupi yekupisa.

mhedziso

Diagnostics of the ignition system uchishandisa mota tester iri iyo yakanyanya advanced troubleshooting nzira. Nayo, iwe unogona kuona kuparara zvakare panguva yekutanga yekuitika kwavo. Iyo chete drawback yeiyi nzira yekuongorora ndiyo mutengo wepamusoro wemidziyo. Naizvozvo, cheki inogona kuitwa chete pazviteshi zvemasevhisi, uko kune hardware yakakodzera uye software.