Kwayedza kutyaira kwenhoroondo Skoda

Kuti uzviwane iwe muma1960, iwe unofanirwa kuisa yako smartphone kure uye kutora nguva yako. Makore makumi mashanu apfuura, vanhu vaifara mumotokari dzine chishamiso chekubata uye injini dzakadzedzereka. Uye hapana chinoratidzika kunge zvachinja

Ini ndakatsimbirira mabhureki kusvika kwekupedzisira, asi iyo Octavia Super ichikunguruka kudzika yakadzikira chete. Pakuedza kwekutanga ndakapinda mugiya chairo netirivha inonamira uye ndakakwanisa kutsvedza pamberi petiraki. Iyi mota iri nani pakumhanyisa pane kudzikira. Zvakadaro, pane yakawanda se45 hp. - chakakomba chimiro cheSkoda mukutanga kwema1960. Mushure memakiromita mashoma, ngoro zvakadaro yakabata motokari ichityaira nesimba rayo rose uye ichinyunyuta.

Skoda ndeimwe yevagadziri vemotokari vekare, kana tichifunga kutanga kwegore renheyo yekambani Laurin & Klement (1895), iyo yakazonyangarika ikaita yakakura Skoda. Uye musafunga kuti pakutanga akaburitsa mabhasikoro, uye mota yekutanga akaigadzira chete muna 1905. Chero zvazvingaitika, makore zana kuwedzera kwakakomba kumufananidzo wechiratidzo. Uye zvakasikwa, Skoda iri kuyedza kukwevera kutarisa kune yayo nhaka uye yenhoroondo rally ndizvo zvazviri inoda.

Motokari mumamiriro akasiyana dzinosvika pamusangano. Grey-bhuruu Skoda 1201, kunyangwe iine makore makumi matanhatu ekuberekwa, inotaridzika uye, nenzira, inoita mumafirimu. Muridzi wayo ane muunganidzwa wakakomba. Felicias dzvuku-rakavhurika rakaratidzika kunge richangobva pamutsetse wegungano. Yakachena Octavia munguva pfupi yapfuura yakarova mumwe munhu, uye mavanga ayo akakurumidza kupendwa pamusoro pebhurosi rependi. Iyo yakashatiswa Skoda 60MB ine isina-yekuzvarwa kudhiraivho uye mabhatani epaneru, uye zvigaro zvakafukidzwa neyakagwinya macheki emabutiro. Asi muridzi wega wega anongwarira uye ane godo nemota yake. Ita chimwe chinhu chisina kunaka - tarisa uzere nekushorwa nekutambura.

"Chimwe chinhu hachina kunaka" - uku kuri kukanganiswazve mubhokisi regiya reOctavia. Chekutanga, lever yekuchinja pachayo kurudyi pasi pevhiri haina kujairika. Chechipiri, zano iri kupenga. Kutanga iwe pachako uye kumusoro? Kana kubva kwauri? Uye wechitatu? Mumota dzekupedzisira-kugadzirwa, lever iri pasi-yakaiswa, asi switching haisi nyore - yekutanga haisi kuruboshwe, asi kurudyi. Pane yakasimba Octavia Super, unogona kushandura kwete kazhinji senge pane yakajairwa Octavia, uye utore kukwira kubva kumhanya - iyo bass mota inoburitsa.

Anofungisisa mamaki mabhureki haasisina kukwana kuti amire kwaunoda. Pedyo ne80 km / h, mota inoda kubatwa ine mudhiraivho unodzosera kumashure - kumiswa kwekumisikidzwa kwaShkoda neshure nekusimudza matinji esimbi. Maitiro avakatyaira maOctavias mumusangano weMonte Carlo uye kunyangwe kubudirira kubudirira hachina kujeka.

Panguva iyoyo, vanhu vaive vakasiyana, uye mota. Semuenzaniso, magazini "Za Rulem" muna 1960; yakarumbidza iyo Octavia ye "simba rakakwira uye nekumhanyisa hunhu" uye iyo Felicia inoshandurwa kuti ive agility uye nyore kubata. Anenge panguva imwe chete neOctavia, USSR yakaburitsa Moskvich-402. Nemipimo yakafanana, muviri wayo wemikova mina waive wakasununguka, uye injini yaive yakakura. Magiya akachinjiswawo nechimurenga pakona yekufambisa. Vaive vakwikwidzi kwete chete mumitambo, asi zvakare mukukunda misika yekutengesa kunze: chikamu chakakosha cheMoskvichs neSkodas vakaenda kunze kwenyika. Kune nyika dzemagariro, kuburitswa kwemotokari kwaive sosi yemari, nekudaro mitengo haina kuputsa. "Octavias", kuwedzera kuEurope, yakatosvika kuJapan. MuNew Zealand, iyo Trekka SUV yakaitwa pachayo. Iwo anofadza Felicia akatendeuka akayedzwa kutengeswa muUSA.

Kuti uzviwane iwe mukutanga kwema1960, unofanirwa kuisa yako smartphone kure uye kumira kumhanya. Nhoroondo rally haisi yekumhanyisa mutambo. Pano, kana iwe uchida kukwikwidza, saka panguva chaiyo yematanho akakosha. Uye zvirinani kusvetuka zvese zvemitambo pamwe chete uye zvishoma nezvishoma kumonera paSkoda 1201, iyo inoita kunge beetle rinopenya. Uye iwe unobva wakundikana kunyange pakutanga, apo mota yaive isingawanikwe uye yakagovewa pakati pevakuru. Iwo madhairekita uye manejimendi manejimendi vakatasva nemhepo inovhuvhuta muTatras yekumashure-engines ine V8. Iwo mashoma Skoda 1201s akatakura vakuru vakuru vehurumende, epakati-epakati mapato ebato uye vakashanda mumatare emukati menyika.

Iyo yakakura chinzvimbo mota kupfuura iyo Octavia, asi pasi pehood zvakare ine mwero 1,2-litre injini. Kunyangwe chokwadi chekuti muna 1955 simba reyuniti rakawedzerwa kusvika pa45 hp, izvi hazvisati zvakaringana mota yehukuru hwe "Kukunda". Zvisinei, pakati pema1950 chaive chikomborero kutyaira mota, zvisinei kuti yaimhanya here kana kuti yainonoka. Kugara pasofa rakapfava rakakura rine musana wezasi uye govhorosi hombe ine rimu rakatetepa rinogadzirisa kufamba kusingamhanye.

Usati wafambisa hombe ine huni iri seri kwevhiri, unogona kuzeza, uchirangarira giya rehigi - zvakasiyana pano pane muOctavia. Iyo yakanaka yekumhanyisa ine chrome bezel uye convex girazi inoratidzirwa kusvika ku140 km / h, asi tsono haiende kana pakati. Nekudaro, iyo 1201 inobata mugwagwa zvirinani kupfuura iyo Octavia, kunyangwe iine imwecheteyo inozungunusa matemo ekisero. Iwe haugone kana kucherechedza iyo yekumhanyisa miganho mumataundi - iwe uchiri kutyaira zvishoma. Mumwe munhu ari kutoridza huta asingashiviriri ari kumashure.

Chiteshi chakakura chengoro chakagadzirwa padanda rimwe remusana, yechinyakare yeindasitiri yemotokari yeCzech. Muna 1961, akaiswa restyling uye akagadzirwa kusvika kutanga kwema1970. Izvi hazvishamise: pakanga pasina mota irinani yezvinodiwa zveamburenzi, kunyanya sezvo injini yeSkodas nyowani ichienda kumashure pamusoro.

Muna 1962, Czechoslovakia yakabvumidza kutengeswa kwemahara kwemotokari, uye Skoda yaive ichipedzisa kugadzirwa kweye nyowani compact modhi uye kuvaka chirimwa chitsva cheichi kugadzirwa. Vagadziri vacho vakatarisana nebasa risingakoshi: chigadzirwa chitsva chinofanira kunge chakakura zvakakwana, asi chichirema chinopfuura makirogiramu mazana manomwe uye chichipedza marita mashanu kubva muzana pamakiromita zana.

Europe neUnited States, vavhundutswa nedambudziko reSuez, vakatsvaga zvakare kudzikisa kushandiswa kwemotokari. Alec Issigonis akamisa mota zvakachinjika, akaita dhiraivha kumavhiri epamberi - iyi ndiyo nzira yakaonekwa neBritish Mini. Mazhinji macompact emakomputa akavakwa zvinoenderana nechirongwa ichi, asi kusvika parizvino anga achishamisa. Injini yekumashure overhang yaive yakajairika zvakanyanya - yaiita kuti pasi mukamuri yacho ive yakati sandara. Iyo yekubheka ndeyekare senge VW Kafer uye sezviri nyore. Hillman akaita zvimwe chete neImp minicar, Renault neModel 8 neChevrolet neCorvair isina kujairika. Madiki "maZaporozhia" uye makuru "Tatras" akagadzirwa zvinoenderana neshure-injini chirongwa. Uye, chokwadi, Skoda aisagona kupfuura nayo.

Yakatsetseka uye inokurumidza, 1000 MB haina kumbobvira yakaita semotokari isingadhuri uye yakakurisa. Iyo yekumberi pani iri nyore - iyo nguva yekushongedzwa uye chrome yapfuura, asi panguva imwechete iyo yepamusoro yakachekwa neyakareruka leatherette. Vanofamba kumashure vanonyatso gara pasi kupfuura muOctavia - mamwe magedhi maviri anotungamira kumutsara wechipiri. Uye kugara kwakasununguka, kunyangwe hwaro hwemotokari yekumashure hwakakura zvishoma. Iyo Skoda 1000 MB izere neshamisiko: kuseri kwezita rezita pane kumberi fender kune mafuta anozadza mutsipa, kuseri kwepamberi fascia kune spare wheel. Chikamu chemikwende pamberi nechepasi pehodhi handicho choga, kune rimwezve "kamuri" rakavanzika kuseri kwechigaro chekumashure. Skis inogona kusungirirwa kune trunk, TV inogona kutakurwa mukamuri. Kune asina kubvisirwa munhu anobva munyika, iyo Warsaw Chibvumirano chakatokwana.

Chinzvimbo chemutyairi chakanangana - chakadzika, kumusana kwakakombama kwechigaro kunoitisa kuti itsvake pamusoro, uye hapana kwekuisa gumbo reruboshwe, kunze kwekunge pasi pechibatiso chekubatirira - iwo mavhiri ekumberi vhiri akanyanyisa.

Injini yechinhu chisina kujairika dhizaini ine aruminiyamu block uye yakakanda-simbi musoro yakaumbana zvekuti zvaigona kuisa radiator yakakura ine fan kuruboshwe. Kutonhora kwemvura kwakazoonekwa kunge kunodiwa kutonhorera kwemhepo, semuTatra - pakanga pasina chikonzero chekungwara nechitofu peturu. Vhoriyamu rimwe f liter simba chikwata anovandudza 42 horsepower. Kwete zvakawanda, asi mota inorema anopfuura makirogiramu mazana manomwe. Kana vatatu vakuru vanga vasina kugaramo, 700 MB inogona kuenda nekukurumidza. Asi pakukwira kwenguva refu, iye nguva nenguva anozobata pamwe neiyo isina kukambaira Octavia. Uye iyo inopinda mune grey chiutsi plume. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti ubate pasi magemenzi pamahwindo - ivo vanodzorwa neakasiyana "makwayana" uye vanoita basa reanosiisa mweya. Zvakare, pano iri "ina-zone" - mweya mweya unopihwa kunyangwe kune vekunze vafambi.

Muridzi wemota iye zvino anobva aratidza neruoko rwake: "Kukombwa." Kunetseka kwete chete kwematai akasakara-kusakara, asiwo nekubata kwakasarudzika. Pakangotanga kuedza kuita vhiri rekutyaira risina chinhu kuti rikure, mota inoshanduka kupinza kuita chinjo - chikonzero cheichi ndechekuparadzira-huremu hwehuremu hwemashure uye kupwanya mavhiri ekumhanyisa simbi shafu: 1000 MB ikirabhu, sezvakaita zvese nhoroondo Skodas.

Mumwe asingazvirangarire anoyeuka Chevrolet Corvair, gamba rebhuku "Dangerous chero kumhanya", asi hazvigoneke kuti chimwe chinhu chakadai chingadai chakanyorwa muCzechoslovakia. Kunyanya nekuti iyo Corveyr yaive neinjini inorema uye ine simba. Uye zvakare, mota yakatariswa zvakaringana - chaive chakakosha kunze kwenyika chigadzirwa, tisingatauri pamusika musika. Uye mushure meOctavia, 1000 MB yakaonekwa seyakajeka.

Naizvozvo, kusvika 1969, dzinoda kusvika hafu yemiriyoni dzemotokari dzakagadzirwa, uye mushure maizvozvo vakachinja kuita modhi zana - iyo iyo gamba rerwiyo "Jozhin s bazhin" rwakatyaira rakananga Orava uye, mushure memurwi weplamu bhurandi , Akavimbisa kubata chikara chemumvura.

Muchokwadi, kwaive kugadziriswazve kwakadzama kwe1000 MB ine kumeso nyowani, mukati, mabhureki edhisiki repamberi uye mamwe magetsi ane simba. Kusvikira 1977, inodarika miriyoni yemachina aya akagadzirwa. Nhoroondo-yekumashure nhoroondo yeSkoda yakaguma chete mukutanga kwema1990, uye makore mashoma apfuura pamberi-vhiri rekutyaira Favorit, iyo Skoda yatajaira, yakatanga kuburuka pamutsetse wegungano.

Iye zvino hatigone kufungidzira mota isina mudhiraivho wemagetsi, mhepo inodziya, magetsi ekuchengetedza uye mumhanzi. Mhando dzese nyowani dzeSkoda dzine injini iri kumberi, uye pachinzvimbo cheyakajairika tekinoroji mhinduro - zvinhu zvinoshanda: ese aya mashiripiti mukombe vabati, amburera uye vane hungwaru pamusuwo vachengeti Kunyangwe iyo yakapusa Rapid yakawedzera uye yakapamhama kupfuura chero nhoroondo nhoroondo mota. Uye Kodiaq ine simba rakawandisa uye nekukurumidza. Asi kunyangwe zvakadaro, mumotokari dzine chishamiso chekubata uye dzakamira mota, vanhu vaifara. Kana kukwira kwese kwaive kushama uye rwendo rwese rwendo.