Test drive QUANT 48VOLT: shanduko muindasitiri yemotokari kana ...

760 h.p. uye kumhanyisa mumasekondi 2,4 zvinoratidza kugona kweanounganidza

Akarasika mumumvuri waElon Musk naTesla wake, asi Nuncio La Vecchio uye tekinoroji yechikwata chake, yakashandiswa nekambani yekutsvagisa nanoFlowcell, inogona kunyatso shandura indasitiri yemotokari. Chisikwa chazvino kubva kukambani yeSwiss ndiyo studio QUANT 48VOLT, iyo inotevera diki QUANTINO 48VOLT uye akati wandei ekare epfungwa mhando senge QUANT F yanga isati yashandisa 48V tekinoroji.

Kuramba tiri murima rematambudziko eindasitiri yemotokari mumakore achangopfuura, NanoFlowcell inosarudza kutungamira kugona kwayo kusimudzira uye kugadzira tekinoroji yeanonzi mabhatiri epakarepo, ayo mubasa ravo haana chekuita nickel-metal hydride uye lithium-ion. Nekudaro, kunyatsoongorora kweiyo QUANT 48VOLT studio kucharatidza yakasarudzika tekinoroji mhinduro - kwete chete maererano nenzira yambotaurwa yekugadzira magetsi, asiwo iyo yakazara 48V dunhu rine akawanda-phase emagetsi mota ane aluminium coils akavakirwa mumavhiri, uye a. huwandu hwakazara hwe760 horsepower. Chokwadi, mibvunzo yakawanda inomuka.

Kuyerera mabhatiri - chii?

Makambani akati wandei ekutsvagisa uye masangano, akadai seFraunhofer kuGerman, anga achigadzira mabhatiri emagetsi emagetsi kweanopfuura makore gumi.

Aya mabhatiri, kana kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvakafanana nemafuta, ayo akazadzwa nemvura, semafuta anodirwa mumota ine peturu kana injini yedhiziri. Muchokwadi, pfungwa yekuyerera-kuburikidza kana kunonzi kuyerera-kuburikidza redox bhatiri haina kuoma, uye yekutanga patent munzvimbo ino yakatanga 1949. Imwe yeaya maviri maseru nzvimbo, akapatsanurwa ne membrane (yakafanana nemafuta maseru), akabatana nedura rine imwe electrolyte. Nekuda kwekujairira kwezvinhu kuita makemikari kuita pamwe, mapurotoni anotamisirwa kubva kune imwe electrolyte kuenda kune imwe kuburikidza neiyo membrane, uye maerekitironi anotungamirwa kuburikidza nemutengi wazvino akabatana nezvikamu zviviri, semhedzisiro yemagetsi inoyerera. Mushure meimwe nguva, matangi maviri anodururwa uye akazadzwa neechena electrolyte, uye iyo yakashandiswa "inoshandiswa zvekare" pazviteshi zvechaji. Iyo sisitimu inoshandiswa nemapombi.

Kunyangwe izvi zvese zvichitaridzika zvakanaka, zvinosuwisa kuti kuchine zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda pakushandisa kwerudzi urwu rwebhatiri mumotokari. Iko kusimba kwesimba redox bhatiri ine vanadium electrolyte iri muchikamu che 30-50 Wh chete paita, iyo inowirirana neiyo yeinotungamira asidi bhatiri. Muchiitiko ichi, kuitira kuchengetedza huwandu hwakaenzana hwemagetsi senge mune yazvino lithiamu-ion bhatiri inokwana 20 kWh, padanho rakafanana rehunyanzvi redox bhatiri, 500 litita e electrolyte anodiwa. Mumamiriro erabhoritari, iyo inonzi vanadium bromide polysulfide mabhatiri anowana simba rehuwandu hwe90 Wh pa litita.

Zvekunze zvinhu hazvidiwe kuti kugadzirwa kwekuyerera-kuburikidza redox mabhatiri. Hapana zvinokachidza zvinodhura senge platinamu inoshandiswa mumafuta maseru kana mapolymers senge lithium ion mabhatiri anodikanwa. Iko kudhura kwakanyanya kwema laboratori masisitimu kunokonzerwa chete nenyaya yekuti iwo ndeemhando uye anogadzirwa nemaoko. Nezve kuchengetedzeka, hapana njodzi. Kana maviri ma electrolyte akasanganiswa, kemikari "pfupi dunhu" inoitika, umo kupisa kunosunungurwa uye tembiricha inomuka, asi inoramba iri pamitengo yakachengeteka, uye hapana chimwe chinhu chinoitika. Ehezve, zvinwiwa zvega hazvina kuchengetedzeka, asi zvakare peturu nedhiziri.

Yechimurenga nanoFlowcell tekinoroji

Mushure memakore ekutsvagisa, nanoFlowcell yakagadzira tekinoroji isingashandisezve maelectrolyte. Iyo kambani haipe ruzivo nezve magadzirirwo emakemikari, asi chokwadi ndechekuti iyo chaiyo simba reiyo bi-ion system inosvika kune inoshamisa 600 W / l uye nekudaro inoita kuti zvikwanise kupa rakakura kudaro simba kune emagetsi mota. Kuti uite izvi, masero matanhatu ane voltage ye 48 volts akabatanidzwa mukufanana, anokwanisa kupa magetsi kune imwe nzira ine simba re 760 hp. Iyi tekinoroji inoshandisa nanotechnology-based membrane yakagadziridzwa nanoFlowcell kuti ipe nzvimbo yakakura yekubata uye inobvumira huwandu hukuru hwe electrolyte kutsiviwa munguva pfupi. Mune ramangwana, izvi zvichabvumirawo kugadziriswa kwe electrolyte mhinduro nepamusoro pesimba rekugadzirisa. Sezvo sisitimu isingashandisi yakakwira voltage sepakutanga, buffer capacitors inobviswa - zvinhu zvitsva zvinodyisa mota dzemagetsi uye zvine simba rakakura rekubuda. QUANT inewo maitiro anoshanda apo mamwe maseru anodzimwa uye simba rinoderedzwa muzita rekuita. Nekudaro, kana simba richidikanwa, rinowanikwa - nekuda kweiyo torque hombe ye2000 Nm pavhiri (chete 8000 Nm maererano nekambani), kukurumidza kusvika 100 km / h kunotora masekondi 2,4, uye kumhanya kwepamusoro kunogumira pamagetsi kusvika 300. km. / h Pama paramita akadaro, zvakajairika kusashandisa kutapurirana - ina 140 kW mota dzemagetsi dzakabatanidzwa zvakananga mumavhiri hubs.

Shanduko mune zvisikwa magetsi emagetsi

Chishamiso chiduku che teknolojia ndiyo motokari yemagetsi pachayo. Nekuti vanoshanda pamhepo yakadzika kwazvo ye48 volts, haisi 3-phase, asi 45-phase! Panzvimbo pemakoiri emhangura, vanoshandisa aluminium lattice chimiro kudzikisa huwandu - izvo zvinonyanya kukosha kupihwa mafungu makuru. Maererano nefizikiki iri nyore, ine simba re 140 kW pamagetsi emagetsi uye magetsi e48 volts, ikozvino inoyerera kuburikidza nayo inofanira kuva 2900 amperes. Hazvina tsaona kuti nanoFlowcell inozivisa XNUMXA kukosha kune iyo yese system. Panyaya iyi, mitemo yenhamba huru inoshanda chaizvo pano. Iyo kambani haiburitse kuti ndeapi masisitimu anoshandiswa kufambisa mafambiro akadai. Nekudaro, iyo mukana weyakaderera voltage ndeyekuti yakakwira voltage ekudzivirira masisitimu haidiwe, kuderedza mutengo wechigadzirwa. Inobvumirawo kushandiswa kwemaMOSFETs akachipa (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors) panzvimbo peiyo inodhura HV IGBTs (High Voltage Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors).

Kunyange mota dzemagetsi kana sisitimu yacho haifanire kufamba zvishoma mushure meakawanda akasimba ekutonhodza kukurumidza.

Matangi makuru ane vhoriyamu ye2 x 250 litita uye, sekureva kwenanoFlowcell, masero ane tembiricha yekushandisa inotenderedza 96 degrees ane 90 muzana anoshanda. Iwo akabatanidzwa mumugero uri muchimiro chepasi uye anobatsira kunzvimbo yepasi yemotokari yegiravhiti. Panguva yekushanda, mota inoburitsa mvura, uye munyu kubva kune yakashandiswa electrolyte inounganidzwa mune yakasarudzika firita uye yakaparadzaniswa makiromita zviuru gumi. Nekudaro, hazvisi pachena kubva kuburitswa yepamutemo pamapeji makumi mana kuti mota inoshandisa zvakadii pa10 km, uye pane pachena ruzivo rwusina kujeka. Iyo kambani inotaura kuti litita imwe yebi-ION inodhura 000 euros. Kune matangi ane huwandu hwe40 x 100 litita uye anofungidzirwa mileage e0,10 km, izvi zvinoreva 2 litres pa250 km, izvo zvakare zvinobatsira pakatarisana nepashure pemitengo yemafuta (yakaparadzaniswa nyaya yehuremu). Nekudaro, iyo yakaziviswa system inokwana 1000 kWh, inoenderana ne50 kWh / l, zvinoreva kudyiwa kwe100 kWh pa300 km, iri yakawanda. Iyo diki yeQuantino, semuenzaniso, ine 600 x 30 litre matangi ayo anonunura (anonzi) anongori 100 kWh (pamwe 2?), Ipo mileage inonzi iri 95 km ichidya 15 kWh pa115 km. Izvi zviri pachena kusawirirana ...

Zvese izvi parutivi, zvese tekinoroji yekutyaira uye dhizaini yemota zvinoshamisa, izvo pachazvo zvakasarudzika kukambani yekutanga. Iyo furemu yemuchadenga uye izvo zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemuviri zvakare zviri zvepamusoro-tech. Asi izvi zvatoita senge zvine mutsindo pakanangana nekumashure kwekutyaira kwakadaro. Zvakakosha zvakafanana, mota iri TUV inosimbiswa yekutyaira munzira yeGerman network uye yakagadzirira kugadzirwa kwakateedzana. Chii chinofanira kutanga muSwitzerland gore rinouya.

Chinyorwa: Georgy Kolev

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