Reconnaissance armored mota M6 "Staghound"
Reconnaissance armored mota M6 "Staghound"Staghound Armored Car
Pakati paive nekamuri yekurwira. Pano, turret yakakandwa yedenderedzwa yakasungirirwa ne 37-mm cannon yakaiswa mairi uye 7,62-mm pfuti yemuchina yakabatanidzwa nayo. Imwe pfuti yemuchina yakaiswa mujoini yebhora mubepa repamberi rehombo. Moto kubva pairi wakaitwa neredhiyo opareta iri munzvimbo yekudzora kurudyi rwemutyairi. Gearbox rakaiswa apa raive ne hydraulic automatic drive. Kufambisa kudzora pane chidhiraivho uye madhiraivha, servo michina yakaiswa kune mabhureki. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekutaurirana kwekunze, motokari yezvombo yakapiwa nhepfenyuro. Idzo mota dzakashongedzwa dzakasiyaniswa nekuvimbika kwehunyanzvi hwepamusoro, dzaive nenhumbi dzezvombo dzinogutsa uye inonzwisisika hull uye turret kumisikidzwa.
Iyo M6 Staghound mota yakashongedzwa ndiyo inorema pane ese akashandiswa muHondo Yenyika II. Huremu hwekurwa hwemotokari iyi ine muviri wakashongedzerwa uye turret yakakandwa yaive matani 13,9. Kutaura zvazviri, yaive tangi ine mavhiri, yakafanana muzvombo uye kufamba kune mwenje Stuart uye yakaderera kwairi chete muzvombo, uye kunyangwe ipapo zvishoma. . Iyo M6 hull yakachengetedzwa ne22 mm kumberi uye 19 mm parutivi nhumbi dzokurwa. Ukobvu hwemahwendefa ezvombo zvedenga raiva 13 mm, pasi - kubva 6,5 mm kusvika 13 mm, nechekumashure kwehull - 9,5 mm. Nhumbi dzepamberi dzeshongwe dzakasvika 45 mm, rutivi uye shure - 32 mm, matenga - 13 mm. Iyo shongwe hombe yakatenderedzwa neelectro-hydraulic drive. Vashandi vemotokari yezvombo vane vanhu vashanu: mutyairi, mubatsiri wemutyairi (iyewo pfuti kubva mupfuti yemuchina), pfuti, mutakuri uye mutungamiriri (iye mutyairi weredhiyo). Madimesheni emota iyi aiyevedzawo uye aipfuura yaStuart. Kureba kweM6 kwaiva 5480 mm, upamhi - 2790 mm, kureba - 2360 mm, nheyo - 3048 mm, njanji - 2260 mm, kubvumirwa kwevhu - 340 mm.
Zvombo zvaisanganisira 37-mm M6 cannon, yakagadzikana mundege yakatwasuka, matatu 7,62-mm Browning M1919A4 pfuti yemuchina (coaxial ine cannon, kosi uye anti-ndege) uye 2-inch utsi grenade launcher yakaiswa padenga reimba. tower. Zvombo zvaisanganisira 103 kutenderera kwepfuti. 5250 kutenderera kwepfuti dzemuchina uye gumi nemana magirinedhi. Mukuwedzera, motokari yakatakura 14 mm Thompson submachine pfuti. Muchikamu chemashure chehull, chakafanana neaxis yemuchina, maviri 6-cylinder liquid-yakatonhorera Chevrolet / GMC 270 in-line carburetor injini dzakaiswa; simba reimwe neimwe raive 97 hp. pa 3000 rpm, kushanda vhoriyamu 4428 cm3. Kutumira - semi-otomatiki mhando Hydramatic, iyo yaisanganisira maviri-anomhanya magiya mabhokisi (4 + 1), gitare uye demultiplier. Iyo yekupedzisira yakaita kuti zvibvire kudzima dhiraivha yeaxle yekumberi, uye zvakare ive nechokwadi chekufamba kwemota yezvombo ine injini inomhanya. Kukwanisa kwetangi yemafuta kwaive 340 litres. Mukuwedzera, matangi maviri ekunze e-cylindrical emafuta ane huwandu hwe90 litres imwe neimwe akabatanidzwa pamativi emotokari.
Mota yezvombo yaive ne4 × 4 vhiri formula uye saizi yetai 14,00 - 20 ″. Suspension yakazvimirira pane semi-elliptical leaf springs. Imwe neimwe suspension unit yaive ine hydraulic shock absorber. Nekuda kwekushandiswa kweSaginaw 580-DH-3 electro-hydraulic power steering, pamwe neBendix-Hydrovac hydraulic mabhureki ane vacuum booster, kutyaira inenge 14-ton yehondo yemotokari yakanga isina kuoma kupfuura mota inotakura vanhu. Mumugwagwa mukuru, motokari yezvombo yakagadzira kumhanya kusvika ku88 km / h, yakakunda nyore kukwira kusvika ku26 °, rusvingo 0,53 m kureba uye ford kusvika ku 0,8 m yakadzika. yakaiswa pamotokari dzese pasina kusarudzika. Iyo yekutanga shanduko yeM19 armored mota (T6E17) muuto reBritish yainzi Staghound Mk I. 1 zvikamu zvemichina iyi yakagadzirwa.
Pamusoro pemota dzakashongedzerwa dzakashongedzerwa ne37-mm cannon, maBritish akapotsa aratidza kufarira mota dzekutsigira moto. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo yakasiyana yeT17E3 yakazvarwa, iyo yaiva yeM6 hull ine yakavhurika-yepamusoro turret yakaiswa pairi ne 75-mm howitzer yakakweretwa kubva kuAmerican M8 self-propelled pfuti. Zvisinei, vaBritish vakanga vasingafariri motokari iyi. Vakabuda mumamiriro ezvinhu neimwe nzira, vachishongedzazve dzimwe dzemotokari dzakashongedzerwa dzine 76-mm tank howitzer yekugadzira kwavo. Kusunungura nzvimbo yezvombo, pfuti yemuchina yekosi yakabviswa, uye mubatsiri womutyairi akabviswa muboka revashandi. Pamusoro pezvo, chiutsi chegirinedhi chakabviswa pashongwe, uye seimwe nzira, matope maviri e4-inch akaiswa kurudyi rweshongwe yekupfura magirinedhi eutsi. Mota dzehondo dzakashongedzerwa ne76 mm howwitzers dzakanzi Staghound Mk II.
Mukuedza kubhadhara zvombo zvisina simba zvisina kukwana zve "Staghound" yehafu yechipiri yehondo, pane vashoma michina yeMk I yekushandura, maBritish akaisa turrets kubva kuCrusader III tank ine 75-mm cannon uye a. 7,92-mm BESA muchina pfuti coaxial nayo. Nekuda kwekuiswa kweiyo inorema turret, kunyangwe nekusiiwa kwekosi muchina pfuti uye mubatsiri wemutyairi, kurwisa uremu hwemotokari kwakawedzera kusvika matani 15. Asi Staghound Mk III musiyano wakawanikwa nenzira iyi waive nehukuru hukuru hwekugona kurwisa matangi evavengi. kupfuura Mk I. Mauto eBritain akatanga kugamuchira staghounds muchirimo cha1943. Motokari dzezvombo dzakagamuchira rubhabhatidzo rwavo rwemoto muItaly, uko vakawana mukurumbira wakanaka wekuvimbika kwavo kunoshamisa, kusununguka kwekushanda nekugadzirisa, zvombo zvakanaka uye zvombo. Chinangwa chepakutanga che "Africa" chemotokari yakashongedzwa yakatungamirira kuhuwandu hwematangi emafuta uye rwendo rukuru rwekufamba - 800 km. Maererano nevashandi vekuBritain, dambudziko guru rematangi ane mavhiri ane matani 14 kwaiva kushaikwa kwechitsiko chekudzora.
Mukuwedzera kune mauto eBritish, michina yerudzi urwu yakapinda muNew Zealand, Indian neCanada units iyo yakarwa muItaly. Yakagashira "staghounds" uye yekucherechedza mauto emabhiza e2nd Army Corps yePolish Armed Forces kuMadokero. Pashure pokunge MaAllies asvika muNormandy, motokari dzezvombo dzakabatanidzwa muhondo yokusunungura Western Europe kubva kuvaNazi. Mukuwedzera kune mauto eBritish neCanada, vaive mubasa ne1st Polish Panzer Division (pamwe chete, maPoles akagamuchira anenge mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu emotokari dzemhando iyi) uye 250st yakasiyana yeBelgian tank brigade. Mushure mekupera kweHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, Great Britain yakanga ine nhamba inokosha ye "staghounds". Mamwe acho aishandiswa nemauto kusvika kuma50s, kudzamara atsiviwa nemota dzechirungu dzemazuva ano dzakagadzirwa nehondo. Nhamba huru yemichina yerudzi urwu yakaendeswa kana kutengeswa kune dzimwe nyika. "Staghounds" yakapinda muuto reBelgian mukati memakore ehondo - rimwe boka remotokari dzakashongedzerwa dzakashongedzerwa navo. Mushure mehondo, nhamba yavo yakawedzera zvakanyanya - kusvika 1951, mota dzakashongedzwa dzeMk I, Mk II uye AA dzakagadziridzwa dzakagadzira hwaro hwevatatu vakatasva mabhiza (reconnaissance) regiments. Uye zvakare, kubvira 1945, AA vhezheni mota dzave dzichishandiswa mumotokari gendarmerie zvikamu. Muna 1952, dzakawanda dzemotokari kubva kuhondo dzakaparadzana dzevatasvi vemabhiza dzakaendeswa kune iyo yakagadzirwa. MuBelgian gendarmerie, "staghounds" yakashanda kusvika 1977. Mauto echiDutch akashanda gumi nembiri mota dzerudzi urwu munguva ye40-60s (kuna 1951 kwaive nezvikamu zana nesere). MaBritish akapa kumaDanes mota dzese dzakashongedzerwa dzeMk III shanduko. Switzerland yakagamuchira nhamba dzemotokari dzeStaghound Mk I. Nhumbi dzemotokari dzehondo idzi dzakatsiviwa nechakashandiswa muuto reSwiss. Mumakore ekuma108, staghounds dzeMk I neAA zvakasiyana-siyana zvakapinda muuto reItaly neCarabinieri Corps. Uyezve, pane imwe nhamba yemotokari, pfuti ye50-mm uye Browning machine gun mu turret yakatsiviwa neBreda mod.37 machine guns, uye Browning course machine gun yakatsiviwa neFiat mod.38 machine. pfuti. Pamusoro penyika dzeEurope, "staghounds" dzakapihwa kunyika dzeLatin America: Nicaragua, Honduras neCuba.
MuMiddle East, nyika yekutanga kugamuchira "Staghounds" pakarepo mushure mekupera kweHondo Yenyika II yaiva Egypt. Marejimenti maviri emota dzakashongedzerwa dzakadaro aivewo achishanda nemauto eJordani. Muma60s, mamwe emotokari akaendeswa kuRebhanoni, uko turrets akaiswa pavari kubva kuBritish AES Mk III mota dzakashongedzwa nepfuti 75 mm. Chishandiso chakafanana chekushandisa zvakare chakaitwa ne "staghounds" muSudan, asi chete mushongwe dzakakweretwa kubva kumotokari dzakashongedzerwa dzeAES, pfuti 75-mm (pamwe nemasiki) eSherman matangi akaiswa. Pamusoro penyika dzakanyorwa kuMiddle East, "mastaghounds" aivewo mumauto eSaudi Arabia neIsrael. MuAfrica, motokari dzehondo dzerudzi urwu dzakagamuchirwa neRhodesia (yava kunzi Zimbabwe) neSouth Africa. Mumakore ekuma50 nema60, vakapinda mubasa neIndia neAustralia. Pakupera kwema70s, pakanga pachine mazana masere e "staghounds" mumauto emarudzi akasiyana-siyana. Pakati pavo, makumi mapfumbamwe nevana vari kuSaudi Arabia, 800 kuRhodesia uye 94 kuSouth Africa. Chokwadi, mazhinji ekupedzisira akanga ari mudura. Maitiro ekuita
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Kugadzirwa kwemotokari yezvombo kwakatangwa muna 1943. Motokari yezvombo yakagadzirwa muUnited States nekuraira kwemauto eBritish, 
