Reconnaissance tangi T-II "Lux"
Reconnaissance tangi T-II "Lux"Pz.Kpfw. II Ausf. L 'Luchs' (Sd.Kfz.123)
Iyo hull yetangi inogadzirwa pasina kunzwisisika kurerekera kwemahwendefa ezvombo. A 20-mm otomatiki pfuti ine dhiramu kureba kwe55 calibers inoiswa mu multifaceted turret uchishandisa cylindrical mask. A self-propelled flamethrower (special car 122) yakagadzirwawo pahwaro hwetangi iyi. Tangi yeLux yaive mota yakabudirira yekumhanya-mhanya inokwanisa kuita zvakanaka kunze kwemugwagwa, asi nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezvombo uye nhumbi dzokurwa nadzo, yakanga iine masimba mashoma ekurwa. Tangi rakagadzirwa kubva munaGunyana 1943 kusvika Ndira 1944. Pakazara, 100 matangi akagadzirwa, ayo akashandiswa mumatangi ekucherekedza zvikamu zvetangi uye zvikamu zvemota.
Muna July 1934, "Waffenamt" (dhipatimendi rezvombo) yakapa murairo wekugadzirwa kwemotokari yezvombo yakashongedzerwa ne 20-mm automatic cannon inorema matani gumi. Mukutanga kwa10, mamwe mafemu, anosanganisira Krupp AG, MAN (chassis chete), Henschel & Son (chassis chete) naDaimler-Benz, vakaratidza prototypes yeLandwirtschaftlicher Schlepper 1935 (LaS 100) - tarakita yekurima. Prototypes yemichina yekurima yakaitirwa kuongororwa kwemauto. Tarakita iyi inozivikanwawo pasi pemazita 100 masendimita MG "Panzerwagen" uye (VK 2) (Versuchkraftfahrzeug 6222). Terakita, inozivikanwawo sePanzerkampfwagen light tank, yakagadzirwa kuti ienderane netangi rePanzerkampfwagen I semotokari ine pfuti yakawandisa inokwanisa kubaya nhumbi dzokurwa uye mabhomba anopisa. Krupp ndiye akatanga kuratidza prototype. Mota iyi yaive yakawedzera vhezheni ye LKA I tank (prototype yeKrupp Panzerkampfwagen I tank) ine zvombo zvakasimbiswa. Muchina weKrupp waisaenderana nemutengi. Sarudzo iyi yakaitwa mukufarira chassis yakagadzirwa neMAN uye nemuviri weDaimler-Benz. Muna Gumiguru 1935, yekutanga prototype, isina kugadzirwa kubva kuzvombo, asi kubva musimbi yekugadzira, yakaedzwa. Waffenamt akarayira matangi gumi eLaS 100. Kubva pakupera kwa1935 kusvika May 1936, MAN akapedza kurongeka nekuendesa gumi emotokari dzaidiwa.
Iyo prototype yetangi LaS 100 yakasimba "Krupp" - LKA 2 Gare gare vakagamuchira zita rekuti Ausf.al. Tangi "Panzerkampfwagen" II (Sd.Kfz.121) yakanga yakakura kudarika "Panzerkampfwagen" I, asi ikaramba iri motokari yakapfava, yakagadzirirwa zvakawanda zvekudzidzira matangi pane zvehondo. Yaionekwa semhando yepakati mukutarisira kupinda mubasa rePanzerkampfwagen III uye Panzerkampfwagen IV matangi. Kufanana nePanzerkampfwagen I, iyo Panzerkampfwagen II yakanga isina hunyanzvi hwekurwa, kunyangwe yaive tangi huru yePanzerwaffe muna 1940-1941. Husina kusimba kubva pakuona kwemuchina wemauto, zvisinei, yaive nhanho yakakosha pakugadzira matangi ane simba. Mumaoko akanaka, tangi yakanaka yemwenje yaive mota inoshanda yekuziva. Kufanana nemamwe matangi, chassis yetangi rePanzerkampfwagen II yakashanda sehwaro hwekutendeuka kwakawanda, kusanganisira Marder II tank muparadzi, Vespe self-propelled howitzer, Fiammpanzer II Flamingo (Pz.Kpf.II(F)) tangi remoto, iyo amphibious tank uye self-propelled artillery "Sturmpanzer" II "Bison".
Tsananguro Nhumbi dzePanzerkampfwagen II tangi yainzi haina simba, haina kana kudzivirira kubva pazvidimbu uye mabara. Zvombo, 20-mm cannon, yakaonekwa seyakakwana panguva iyo motokari yakaiswa mubasa, asi yakakurumidza kuva yekare. Mabhomba epfuti iyi aingokwanisa kurova zvakajairika, zvisiri zvehondo. Mushure mekudonha kweFrance, nyaya yekumisa matangi ePanzerkampfwagen II neFrench 37 mm SA38 pfuti yakadzidzwa, asi zvinhu hazvina kupfuura kuyedza. Matangi "Panzerkampfwagen" Ausf.A / I-Ausf.F vakanga vakapakata pfuti otomatiki KwK30 L / 55, yakagadzirwa pahwaro hweFlaK30 anti-ndege pfuti. Mwero wemoto weKwK30 L / 55 pfuti waiva 280 kumativi paminiti. Rheinmetall-Borzing MG-34 7,92 mm pfuti yemuchina yakabatanidzwa nekanoni. Pfuti yakaiswa mu mask kuruboshwe, pfuti iri kurudyi.
Pfuti yakapihwa akasiyana sarudzo dzeTZF4 optical kuona. Pakugadziridzwa kwekutanga, pakanga paine hatch yemutungamiriri padenga re turret, iyo yakatsiviwa ne turret mune dzakazotevera shanduro. Iyo turret pachayo inomisikidzwa kuruboshwe hama kune iyo longitudinal axis yehull. Mukamuri yekurwira, mabhomba 180 akaiswa muzvikamu zvezvikamu gumi chimwe nechimwe uye 10 cartridges yepfuti yemuchina (matepi 2250 mumabhokisi). Mamwe matangi aive akashongedzerwa nemagirinedhi ehutsi. Vashandi vetangi "Panzerkampfwagen" II vaisanganisira vanhu vatatu: mutungamiriri / pfuti, loader / radio operator uye mutyairi. Mutungamiriri akanga akagara mushongwe, mutakuri akamira pauriri hwekamuri rokurwa. Kukurukurirana pakati pemukuru nemutyairi kwakaitwa nechubhu yekutaura. Midziyo yeredhiyo yaisanganisira FuG17 VHF inogamuchira uye gumi-watt transmitter. Kuvapo kwenhepfenyuro yeredhiyo kwakapa ngarava yeGermany mukana weunyanzvi kupfuura muvengi. Iwo ekutanga "maviri" aive akatenderedzwa nechemberi chikamu chehull, mumotokari dzakazotevera mahwendefa ezvombo epamusoro uye ezasi akagadzira kona ye70. Tangi yegasi yematangi ekutanga yaive 200 litres, kutanga neAusf.F modification, matangi anokwana marita zana nemakumi manomwe akaiswa. Matangi akananga kuNorth Africa aive akashongedzerwa nemasefa uye mafeni, chidimbu che "Tr" (chinopisa) chakawedzerwa kune zita ravo. Panguva yekushanda, "mbiri" dzakawanda dzakapedzwa, uye kunyanya, kuchengetedzwa kwezvombo kwakaiswa pavari.
Kugadziriswa kwekupedzisira kwe "Panzerkamprwagen" II tangi yaiva "Lux" - "Panzerkampfwagen" II Auf.L (VK 1303, Sd.Kfz.123). Iri tangi rekucherekedza mwenje rakagadzirwa neMAN neHenschel mafekitori (muzvishoma) kubva munaGunyana 1943 kusvika Ndira 1944. Yakanga yakarongwa kubudisa 800 motokari, asi 104 chete yakavakwa (data inopiwawo pamatangi 153 akavakwa), nhamba dzechasi 200101-200200. Kambani yeMAN yaive nebasa rekusimudzira huturu, hull uye turret superstructures yaive kambani yeDaimler-Benz. "Lux" yaive kuvandudzwa kwetangi reVK 901 (Ausf.G) uye rakasiyana nerakatangira mune yazvino hull uye chassis. Tangi yaive ne6-cylinder Maybach HL66P injini uye ZF Aphon SSG48 kutapurirana. Huremu hwetangi hwaive matani 13. Kufamba mumugwagwa mukuru - 290 km. Vashandi vetangi vanhu vana: mutungamiriri, pfuti, redhiyo opareta uye mutyairi. Midziyo yeredhiyo yaisanganisira FuG12 MW inogamuchira uye 80W transmitter. Kukurukurirana pakati penhengo dzevashandi kwakaitwa kuburikidza netangi intercom.
Matangi ekucherekedza mwenje "Lux" akashanda ese ari maviri kuMabvazuva nekuMadokero kumberi sechikamu chezvombo zvekucherekedza zvikamu zveWehrmacht nemauto eSS. Matangi aifanirwa kutumirwa kuEastern Front akagamuchira dzimwe nhumbi dzokurwa dzemberi. Motokari shoma dzakanga dzakashongedzerwa nemichina yokuwedzera yeredhiyo. Yakanga yakarongwa kushongedza matangi eLuks ne50 mm KWK39 L/60 cannon (iyo yakajairwa zvombo zveVK 1602 Leopard tank), asi chete musiyano une 20 mm KWK38 L/55 cannon ine mwero wemoto we420-480. marounds paminiti akagadzirwa. Pfuti yacho yakanga ine TZF6 optical sight. Pane ruzivo, izvo, zvisinei, hazvina kunyorwa, kuti 31 Lux matangi akagamuchira 50-mm Kwk39 L / 60 pfuti. Kuvakwa kwemotokari dzekudzivirira "Bergepanzer Luchs" dzaifanirwa, asi hapana kana ARV yakadaro yakavakwa. Zvakare, chirongwa chepfuti inorwisa-ndege inozvifambisa yakavakirwa pane yakawedzera chassis yetangi reLuks haina kuitwa. VK 1305. ZSU yaifanirwa kunge yakashongedzerwa neimwe 20-mm kana 37-mm Flak37 anti-ndege pfuti.
Kushandisa. "Vaviri" vakatanga kupinda mauto muchirimo 1936 uye vakaramba vari mubasa pamwe German zvikamu mutsetse wokutanga kusvikira pakupera 1942. Nekudaro, zvinofungidzirwa zviri pamutemo kuti Anschluss yeAustria uye kutorwa kweCzechoslovakia kwakava nyaya dzekutanga dzekurwisa kushandiswa kwematangi. Sezvo tangi huru yehondo, "vaviri" vakatora chikamu mumushandirapamwe wePolish waSeptember 1939. Mushure mekugadzirisazve muna 1940-1941. Panzerwaffe, Panzerkampfwagen II matangi akapinda mubasa nezvikamu zvekuongorora, kunyange zvazvo vakaramba vachishandiswa sematangi makuru ehondo. Mazhinji emota dzakabviswa kubva kumayuniti muna 1942, kunyangwe matangi ePanzerkampfwagen II akasangana kumberi muna 1943 zvakare. Kuonekwa kwe "vaviri" munhandare yehondo kwakacherechedzwa muna 1944, panguva yekubatana kwakabatana muNormandy, uye kunyange muna 1945 (muna 1945, 145 "vaviri" vaiva mubasa).
1223 Panzerkampfwagen II matangi akatora chikamu muhondo nePoland, panguva iyoyo "mbiri" dzaive dzakanyanya kukura mu panzerwaf. MuPoland, mauto eGermany akarasikirwa ne83 Panzerkampfwagen II matangi. 32 vavo - muhondo mumigwagwa yeWarsaw. Motokari 18 chete dzakatora rutivi mukutora Norway. 920 "vaviri" vakanga vakagadzirira kutora chikamu muBlitzkrieg muWest. Mukupinda kwemauto eGermany muBalkan, matangi 260 akabatanidzwa. Kutora chikamu muOp Operation Barbarossa, matangi 782 akagoverwa, nhamba huru yadzo dzakava vanyajambwa veSoviet matangi uye artillery. Matangi ePanzerkampfwagen II akashandiswa kuNorth Africa kusvika pakupa zvikamu zveAfrica Corps muna 1943. Zviito zve "vaviri" muNorth Africa zvakave zvakabudirira zvakanyanya nekuda kwemaitiro anochinjika ehutsinye uye kushaya simba kwezvombo zvemuvengi. Matangi 381 chete akatora chikamu muzhizha rinogumbura mauto eGermany kuEastern Front.
MuOperation Citadel, kunyange zvishoma. 107 matangi. Kubva muna Gumiguru 1, 1944, mauto eGerman aive nematangi 386 ePanzerkampfwagen II. Matangi "Panzerkampfwagen" II aivawo mubasa nemauto enyika dzakabatana neGermany: Slovakia, Bulgaria, Romania neHungary. Parizvino, Panzerkampfwagen II Lux matangi anogona kuonekwa muBritish Tank Museum muBovington, muMunster Museum kuGermany, muBelgrade Museum uye muAberdeen Proving Ground Museum muU.SA, muFrench Tank Museum muSamyur, rimwe tangi riri. muRussia muKubinka. Tactical uye hunyanzvi hunhu hwetangi "Lux"
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Kugadzirwa kwetangi kwakatangwa neMAN muna 1939 kutsiva tangi yeT-II. MunaSeptember 1943, tangi itsva yakaiswa mukugadzirwa kwehuwandu. Nechimiro, kwaive kuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kweT-II matangi. Kusiyana nemasamples ekare pamuchina uyu, kurongeka kwakadzama kwemavhiri emugwagwa kwakagamuchirwa mune yepasi, ma roller ekutsigira akabviswa uye mafenda akakwira akashandiswa. Iyo tangi yakaitwa maererano neyakajairwa dhizaini matangi eGerman: imba yemagetsi yaive kumashure, imba yekurwira yaive pakati, uye kamuri yekudzora, kutapurirana uye mavhiri ekutyaira aive pamberi.
