Bhandi renguva kana cheni. Chii chinoshanda zvakanyanya?
Zvakakosha here kutsvaga mota kuburikidza neprism yerudzi rwekumhanyisa nguva? Zvichida kwete, asi mushure mekutenga zviri nani kuziva kana bhanhire kana ketani inoshanda ipapo.
Iyo nguva yekutyaira inyaya inopisa kune akawanda emota mota dzine injini dzine pamusoro camshaft kana camshafts. Cheni refu kana bhandi rinochinjika renguva rinowanzo shandiswa kuendesa simba kune camshafts kubva kure kure crankshaft. Apa ndipo panotangira matambudziko. Mabhandi enguva anogona kubvaruka nguva isati yakwana nekuda kwekunyanya kupfeka kana kuti anogona kutyoka nekuda kwekutadza kwezvimwe zvikamu. Cheni dzenguva dzinogona kutambanudza uye "kusvetuka" pamagiya, kungave nekuda kwekushata kwemhando yesimbi, kana nekuda kwekukurumidza kupera kana kutadza kwemabhururu ekutsvedza chetani sema tensioner uye mufflers.
Chero zvazvingaitika, kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kumota kunogona kuitika kana dhiraivha iri yeinonzi "slip-on" dhizaini. Uku "kudhumhana" ndiko kugona kwepiston kudhumhana nemavharuvhu kana kutenderera kwe crankshaft kusina kunyatso wiriraniswa nekutenderera kwe camshaft kana camshafts. Bhandi rinomhanya kana cheni rinobatanidza crankshaft kune camshaft kana camshafts, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu izvi zvakanyatso kuwiriraniswa. Kana bhanhire richiputsika kana ketani yenguva "inosvetuka" pamagiya, unogona kukanganwa nezvekubatanidza, pistons inosangana nemavharuvhu uye injini "yakaparadzwa".
Kuwanda kwekukuvara kunoenderana zvakanyanya nekumhanya kweinjini iyo bhandi kana cheni yakakundikana. Iyo yakakura, iyo yakakwirira kumhanya uko kukundikana kwakaitika. Pazvakanakisa, vanopedzisira vaine mavharuvhu akabhenda, pazvakaipisisa, aine musoro wecylinder wakakuvadzwa, mitsetse yakatsemuka kana yakapwanyika, uye yakakwenya silinda liner. Mutengo wekugadzirisa unonyanya kuenderana nehukuru hwe "cataclysm" yakapfuura nemujini. Muzviitiko zvisinganyanyi kukosha, PLN 1000-2000 yakakwana, mune dzimwe "advanced" nyaya iyi mari inofanira kuwedzerwa ne 4, 5 kana kunyange 6 kana tichibata nemotokari yemhando yepamusoro. Nokudaro, kana uchitenga, zvakakosha kuziva kana motokari yauri kutenga ine "auto-collision" yejini, uye kana zvakadaro, inguva ipi yekufambisa nguva inoshandiswa uye kana inogona kukonzera dambudziko. Pakare pakuongorora kwekutanga, unogona kubvunza kana paine matambudziko neiyo nguva yekutyaira uye kana ichikwanisa kumira mileage inotarwa nemugadziri. Mumotokari zhinji, kunyanya idzo dzine mabhandi enguva, zvikamu zvenguva zvinoda kutsiviwa nekukasira kupfuura zvinorehwa nebhuku refekitari. Usaregeredza chinodikanwa chakadaro, zviri nani kushandisa mazana mashoma zlotys pane itsva nguva yekutyaira pane zviuru zvishoma mushure mekunge mapiston asangana nemavharuvhu.
Vapepeti vanokurudzira:
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Macamera ekumhanya akamira kushanda. Zvakadini nezvekuchengeteka?
Kazhinji, mabhandi enguva anowanzokonzera matambudziko. Chete boka diki remotokari rine macheni asina kugadzikana enguva kana sliding strips anopindirana navo, kukundikana kweiyo kunotungamirira ku "kusunungura" kweketani. Saka mabhandi enguva anoshandiswa chii? Ngatidzokerei kunhoroondo. Injini dzekutanga dzemotokari dzine camshaft dzepamusoro dzakaonekwa mukutanga kwema1910. Masimba emagetsi epanguva yacho aive akareba nekuda kwekureba kwepiston sitiroko, saka chinhambwe chiri pakati pecamshaft ne crankshaft kwachaigona kufambiswa chaive chakakura. Dambudziko iri rakagadziriswa nekushandisa iyo inonzi "yehumambo" shafts uye angular giya. Iyo "yehumambo" camshaft drive yaive yakavimbika, yakarurama uye yakasimba, asi inorema uye inodhura zvikuru kugadzira. Nokudaro, nokuda kwezvinodiwa zvemotokari dzakakurumbira dzine camshaft yepamusoro, vakatanga kushandisa cheni yakachipa uye yakareruka, uye "royal" shafts dzakagadzirirwa motokari dzemitambo. Kudzoka muna XNUMX, cheni mukutyaira nguva ine "yepamusoro" shaft yaive yakajairwa uye yakaramba yakadaro kweinoda kusvika hafu yezana.
Cheni yenguva ine magiya yakavanzwa mukati meinjini, inogona kutyaira midziyo yayo yekubatsira senge pombi yemafuta, pombi inotonhorera kana jekiseni pombi (injini dzedhiziri). Sezvo mutemo, yakasimba uye yakavimbika, uye inogara kwenguva yakareba sejini yose (kune, zvinosuruvarisa, kunze). Nekudaro, inorerekera kurebesa uye kubvunda, saka inoda kushandiswa kwetensioner uye inotsvedza mitsetse inotamba inotungamira uye inodzivirira ruzha. Mutsara mumwe chete roller cheni (isingawanzoonekwa nhasi) inogona kushanda kusvika 100 km.
Muchina wemitsara miviri unogona kushanda zvakanaka kunyange 400-500 zviuru zvemakiromita. Cheni ine mazino inotowedzera kusimba uye panguva imwechete yakanyarara, asi inodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura roller cheni. Mukana wakakosha wecheni yenguva ndeyekuti inoyambira mushandisi wemota nezvedambudziko riri kuuya. Kana ketani yanyanya kunyura, inotanga "kukwesha" kupesana neimba yeinjini, hunhu hunoitika. Ichi chiratidzo chekuti iwe unofanirwa kuenda kugaraji. Iyo ketani haisi nguva dzose ine mhosva, dzimwe nguva zvinoitika kuti tensioner kana sliding bar inoda kutsiviwa.
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Indasitiri yemakemikari, iyo yakasimukira zvine simba mushure mehondo, zvichibva pamafuta asina kukora akachipa, yakapa indasitiri, kusanganisira indasitiri yemotokari, nemapurasitiki akawanda uye emazuva ano. Vakange vaine mamwe maapplication akawanda, vakazopedzisira vawanawo nzira yekupinda nayo nguva. Muna 1961, motokari yekutanga-yakagadzirwa yakawanda yakaonekwa ine elastic toothed bhandi rinobatanidza crankshaft kune camshaft (Glas S 1004). Kutenda kune akawanda mabhenefiti, mhinduro nyowani yakatanga kuwana vateveri vakawanda. Kubva kumaXNUMXs, mabhandi ane mazino mugiya regiya anga achizivikanwa sengetani. Bhandi renguva, rakagadzirwa nepolyurethane, neoprene kana rabha yakakosha uye yakasimbiswa neKevlar fibers, yakareruka. Inomhanyawo yakanyarara kupfuura cheni. Iyo haidi mafuta ekuzora, saka inogara kunze kweiyo mota imba uye inowanikwa nyore pasi peiyo plain housing. Inogona kutyaira zvakatowanda zvishongedzo kupfuura dunhu (pamwe nealternator, A/C compressor). Zvisinei, bhanhire rinofanira kuchengetedzwa zvakanaka kubva kune tsvina nemafuta. Izvo zvakare hazvipe chero yambiro kuti inogona kupaza munguva pfupi.
Sezvauri kuona, iyo nguva cheni ndiyo yakanakisa uye yakachengeteka mhinduro yechikwama chako. Zvisinei, zvakaoma kugadzirisa kutenga motokari nekuvapo kwayo kubva kune hood. Iwe unogona kurarama nebhanhire rine mazino mumotokari yenguva, asi iwe unoda kugara uchitarisa mamiriro ebhanhire uye teerera kune mazano evanyanzvi vane ruzivo.
