Basa uye musimboti wechiito chejekiseni

Kwenguva yakati zvino, jekiseni yakatsiva iyo carburetor pamainjini epeturu (carburetor iyo yaigona kuwanikwa pane ese ari maviri motokari dzevapfuuri uye madiki maviri-sitiroko enjini pamavhiri maviri). Zvakawanda zvakaringana zvemetera peturu, inobvumira kudzora kuri nani kwemoto uye nekudaro injini yekushandisa. Uye zvakare, kugona kunongedza mafuta pasi pekumanikidza kunoita kuti ive atomized zvirinani mukamuri inopinda kana yekupisa (madonhwe madiki). Chekupedzisira, jekiseni yakakosha kune injini dzedhiziri, ndosaka pombi yejekiseni yakagadzirwa nemunhu aive nepfungwa iyi: Rudolph Diesel.

Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kusiyanisa pakati pejekiseni yakananga uye isina kunanga jekiseni, sezvo zvichidikanwa kusiyanisa pakati peimwe-poindi uye yakawanda-poindi jekiseni.

Jekiseni chirongwa

Heano jekiseni dhizaini yeinjini ichangoburwa, mafuta anoyerera achibva mutangi achienda kupombi. Iyo pombi inopa mafuta pasi pekumanikidzwa kune yekuchengetera njanji (kuwana yakanyanya kukwira kumanikidza, inosvika 2000 bhawa panzvimbo ye200 isina iyo yekupedzisira), iyo inonzi yakajairika njanji. Iwo majekiseni anobva avhura panguva yakakodzera yekupa mafuta kuinjini.

Iyo system haina hazvo kuva neyakajairika Rail: zvimwe zvakawanda pano

Dzvanya apa kuti uone dhizaini rese

Tiri kubata neyakajairika njanji injini, asi izvi hazvisi zvakarongeka kune zvekare mota. Simba machipisi ndeyekunyengedza komputa nekushandura iyo data inotumirwa neyakaomesesa sensor (chinangwa ndechekuti uwane zvishoma)

Iyi 1.9 TDI haina njanji, ine pombi-yekumanikidza uye majekiseni emagetsi (vane pombi diki yakavakirwa-mukati yekuwedzera kumanikidza zvakanyanya, chinangwa ndechekusvika kune yakajairika njanji). Volkswagen yakadzika ino sisitimu.

Heino pombi padhuze (Wanu1966 mifananidzo), iyo yekupedzisira inofanirwa kupomba, dhizaini uye kugovera

Iyo pombi (inobvumira kuvaka kumanikidza) inotyairwa nebhanhire, iro pacharo rinotungamirirwa neinjini inomhanya. Nekudaro, kugovera uye metering yemafuta inodzorwa nemagetsi. Kutenda kuna Van nemifananidzo inoyevedza.

Basa repombi

Kudhiraivha kwemagetsi kunoshandiswa kugadzirisa kukurumidza kusingashande uye kunogadziriswa ne screws (zvine hunyoro, uyu mutambo une chokwadi chegumi chemirimita). Iyo yepamberi solenoid valve inopesvedzera kumberi kwejekiseni: inosarudza kuti mafuta achaunzwa riinhi, zvichienderana nemamiriro einjini (tembiricha, kumhanya kwezvino, kudzvanywa pane accelerator pedal). Kana paine lead yakawandisa, unogona kunzwa pop kana kudzvanya. Kunyanya kunonoka uye kudya kunogona kusaenderana. Iyo yekuvhara solenoid valve inovhara mafuta edhiziri kana kudzimwa kwakadzimwa (zvinoda kumisa mafuta kune injini dzedhiziri, nekuti dzinoshanda mukudzima moto. Pa peturu, zvinokwana kumisa kupisa. . Hapasisina kutsva).

Montage dzinoverengeka

Iko zviripachena pane akati wandei magadzirirwo anogona kuitika:

• Kutanga, yakajairika system (musimboti), iyo inowanzo nyangarika, zvisina kunanga jekiseni... Inosanganisira mukutumira mafuta kune kunwa. Iyo yekupedzisira inosanganisa nemhepo uye pakupedzisira inopinda mumasirinda kana iyo vheji yekuvhura yakavhurwa.
• pamusoro Diesel, zvisina kunanga jekiseni haisi mukutumira mafuta kunzvimbo, asi mune vhoriyamu diki iyo inopinda musilinda (ona pano kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo)
• L 'yakananga jekiseni inoshandiswa kakawanda uye kakawanda, sezvo ichibvumira kudzora kwakazara kweinjini yeinjini muinjini (yakanyatsojeka injini yekudzora, yakaderera kushandiswa, nezvimwewo). Uye zvakare, inopa yakasarudzika nzira yekushanda neinjini yepeturu (stratified mode). Pamainjini edhiziri, izvi zvinobvumidza jekiseni rekuwedzera, iro rinoshandiswa kuchenesa mafirita (nguva dzose uye otomatiki kumutsidzirwa kunoitwa nehurongwa).

Mumwe mutsauko uripo maererano neisina kunanga jekiseni, idzi ndidzo nzira mono et multipoint... Panyaya yeimwe poindi, pane chete jekiseni rimwe chete rezvakawanda zvekutora. Mune iyo yakawanda-point vhezheni, kune akawanda majekiseni pane inopinza sezvo paine macylinders (iwo anowanikwa zvakananga pamberi pevhavha inopinza yega yega).

Mhando dzinoverengeka dzemabhuru

Zvichienderana nejekiseni rakananga kana risina kunanga, dhizaini yemajekiseni zviri pachena kuti haina kufanana.

Manozzles akatwasuka

Iko kune injector mhando solenoid kana kushoma kazhinji kutaipa piezoelectric. Le solenoid inoshanda nediki remagetsi rinodzora kupfuura kwemafuta kana kwete. v piezoelectric inoshanda zvirinani nekuti inogona kumhanya nekukurumidza uye patembiricha yepamusoro. Nekudaro, Bosh aenda kune hurefu hukuru kuita kuti solenoid ikurumidze uye ishande.

Majekiseni pane INDIRECTE

Nekudaro, iyo injekisheni iri panzvimbo inopinda ine chimiro chakasiyana kumusoro.

Indirect jekiseni

Heino injector mune system nhungamiro, inotora huni pasi pekumanikidza woiburitsa musilinda mujeti diki. Naizvozvo, kusachena kudiki kunogona kuvabata ... Isu tiri kubata nemakanika chaiwo.

Imwe kamwene pasilinda, kana 4 mune 4-humburumbira.

Heano ma 1.5 dCi (Renault) majekiseni anoonekwa paNissan Micra.

Pano vari mujini yeHDI

Musiyano uripakati peCustom Rail Injection System uye Distribution Pump?

Yakajairika jekiseni ine jekiseni pombi, iyo pachezvayo yakabatana kune yega injector. Nekudaro, iyi pombi inopa mafuta kune majekiseni ari pasi pekumanikidzwa ... Iyo Common Rail system yakafanana chaizvo, kunze kwekunge kune Common Rail pakati pejekiseni pombi nemajekiseni. Iyi mhando yekamuri inotumirwa mafuta, iyo inounganidzwa pasi pekumanikidzwa (nekuda kwepombi). Iyi njanji inopa yakawanda jekiseni kumanikidza, asi zvakare inochengetedza iyi kumanikidza kunyangwe pakumhanya kwakanyanya (izvo zvisingagoni kutaurwa nezvepombi yekugovera, iyo inorasikirwa nejusi pasi pemamiriro aya). Dzvanya apa kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo.

Pombi kamwene ??

Volkswagen, pachikamu chayo, yakaburitsa iyo nyowani sisitimu kwemakore akati wandei, asi yakazosiyiwa. Panzvimbo pekunge vaine pombi kune rimwe divi nemaburi pane rimwe divi, vakafunga kugadzira mapombi neepombi diki. Saka, pachinzvimbo chepombi yepombi, isu tinayo imwe pajekiseni. Kuita kwacho kwaive kwakanaka, asi pakanga pasina kubvumidzwa, sezvo hunhu hweinjini hwakanyanya jittery, zvichikonzera majee pane kumwe kumhanyisa. Pamusoro pezvo, yega yega inova inodhura nekuti ine pombi diki.

Nei kombiyuta ichidzora jekiseni?

Kubatsira kwekudzora majekiseni nekombuta ndeyekuti ivo vanokwanisa kushanda zvakasiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Zvechokwadi, zvichienderana nekushisa / mamiriro emuchadenga, injini yekupisa mazinga, accelerator pedal yakaora mwoyo, injini inomhanya (TDC sensor), etc. Jekiseni haizoitirwi nenzira imwechete. ... Naizvozvo, zvaive zvakafanira kuve nemasensor ekuti "scan" nharaunda (tembiricha, pedal sensor, nezvimwewo) uye komputa yekombuta kuti ikwanise kudzora jekiseni zvinoenderana nedata rese.

Kuderera kwakanyanya mukushandiswa kwemafuta

Semhedzisiro yakananga yekururama kwemajekiseni, hapasisina "kurasa" kwemafuta, izvo zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta. Imwe bhenefiti kuve nemuviri unofema unogadzira tembiricha inotonhorera pane yakajairwa mota dzekushandisa zvakaenzana, zvichikonzera simba rakawanda uye kuita. Nekudaro, jekiseni, nekuda kwekuoma kwayo kukuru, inewo zvimwe zvisingakwanisi, izvo zvisina mhedzisiro. Kutanga, mafuta anofanira kunge ari emhando yakanaka kuti arege kukuvadza (chero tsvina inogona kunamatira mudiki chiteshi). Chikonzero chekukundikana chinogonawo kuva chakanyanya kudzvinyirira kana kusasimba kwemapundu.

Zvekureva: isu tine chikwereti chekutanga cheinjini yemukati yekupisa ine jekiseni system kuna mainjiniya weGerman Rudolf Diesel muna 1893. Yekupedzisira haina kuwana kugamuchirwa kwakapararira muchikamu chemotokari kudzamara Hondo Yenyika II yapera. Muna 1950, murume wechiFrench Georges Regembo akatanga kugadzira jekiseni remafuta akananga muinjini yemotokari. Zvehunyanzvi uye zvehunyanzvi zviitiko zvinozobvumidza michina jekiseni kuti ive yemagetsi, ichiita kuti isadhura, inyararire uye, pamusoro pezvose, ibudirire.

Pamusoro pane akati wandei majekiseni zvinhu, uye pazasi pane chete jekiseni muparidzi, anonziwo zvakajairika njanji.

Wese makomendi uye maitiro

ekupedzisira komenda yakatumirwa:

Oudi (Zuva: 2021, 09:02:21)

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Akatenga Tiguan Comfort BVM6

Pamakiromita 6600, motokari haifambi, uye hapana chinoratidzwa padhibhodhi. Kudzoka mugaraji reVolswagen, kuongororwa kwekombuta hakuna kuburitsa chero zvikanganiso zvine chekuita nemidziyo yemagetsi, uchifungidzira kunaka kwedhiziri, iyo yekupedzisira yakashandurwa pasina chero mhedzisiro inogona kuve chikonzero uye kutenda ??

Il J. 4 reaction (s) kune ichi chirevo:

(Yako posvo ichaonekwa pasi pechinyorwa mushure mekusimbiswa)

Makomendi akaenderera (51 à 87) >> Dhinda pano

Nyora mhinduro

Iwe unofungei nezve 90 kusvika 80 km / h kugumira?