Meko style swordfish

Muenzaniso weiyo yakawanda-chinangwa frigate MEKO A-300 ine yemuenzaniso kurwisa system. Ngarava iyi yakava hwaro hwekuvandudzwa kweiyo MEKO A-300PL concept design, inova ndiyo musimboti wechipo chethyssenkrupp Marine.

Masisitimu ari muchirongwa cheMiecznik.

Mukutanga kwaFebruary, boka revatapi venhau vePoland rakave nemukana wekudzidza nezve chirevo chekuvaka ngarava yeGerman yakabata thyssenkrupp Marine Systems, yakagadzirira mukupindura chirongwa chekuvaka frigate yePolish Navy, codenamed Miecznik. Isu takatonyora zvakawanda nezve tekinoroji yechikamu chekutanga chepuratifomu yakarongwa, inova MEKO A-300, pamapeji edu (WiT 10/2021 uye 11/2021), saka isu tichangoyeuka fungidziro dzayo huru. Isu tichabhadhara zvakanyanya kudivi reindasitiri nekambani, pamwe nekubatana kwebhizinesi modhi, iyo iri chikamu chakakosha cheGerman chikumbiro chePoland.

Iyo yekuvaka ngarava yakabata thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbH (tkMS) chikamu chethyssenkrupp AG corporation. Iye zvakare muridzi weAtlas Elektronik GmbH, mugadziri wemagetsi masisitimu ezvikepe zvepasi uye zvepasi pemvura. Iye zvakare muvambi wemubatanidzwa wemasangano akadai se kta Naval Systems AS (tkMS, Atlas Elektronik uye Kongsberg Defense & Aerospace) yekugadzira masisitimu ekudzora mauto epasi pemvura.

Iyo MEKO A-300 frigate ine "zvitsuwa zvekurwa" zviviri, uye pamwe navo masisitimu anodiwa ekupona kwechikepe uye kuenderera mberi kwehondo anowedzera. Pane maviri superstructures, antennas emagetsi masisitimu anooneka, uye pakati pawo pane anotangisa e-anti-ngarava uye anorwisa-ndege makombora. Kutarisisa kunokweverwa kune zvakasara mumativi, akafukidzwa neFaraday grids, izvo zvinodzikamisa nzvimbo inoshanda yeradar kuratidza yenzvimbo idzi.

Iyo portfolio yeTKMS mumunda wezvikepe zvefrigate-class pamusoro pezvikepe parizvino inosanganisira zvikamu zveanotevera marudzi: MEKO A-100MB LF (light frigate), MEKO A-200 (general frigate), MEKO A-300 (multi-purpose frigate) uye F125 ("expeditionary" frigate yakagadzwa neDeutsche Marine). Kwemakore makumi mana apfuura, 40 frigates uye gumi nematanhatu emhando dzecorvettes uye kugadziridzwa kwavo kune gumi nematanhatu zvikepe zvepasirese zvakasikwa kana zviri kuvakwa pahwaro hwemapurojekiti eTKMS. Pakati peizvi, makumi mashanu neina parizvino vari kushanda, kusanganisira makumi maviri nemasere munyika shanu dzeNATO.

Iyo tkMS huzivi inoshandisa shanduko yedhizaini inotenderera, zvinoreva kuti imwe neimwe mhando nyowani yetkMS-yakagadzirwa frigate inochengeta yakanakisa yevakatangira uye inowedzera matekiniki matsva uye matekinoroji pamwe nemaitiro ekugadzira.

MEKO A-300PL yeNavy

Chikumbiro chetkMS ipurojekiti yeMEKO A-300PL yefrigate, iri mutsauko weA-300 inosangana neMechnik yekutanga yehunyanzvi uye fungidziro dzehunyanzvi. MEKO A-300 inotsiva yakananga kune matatu mafrigates: MEKO A-200 (gumi mayuniti akavakwa uye ari kuvakwa, matatu akatevedzana), F10 (ina akavakwa) uye MEKO A-125MB LF (mana ari kuvakwa), uye dhizaini yayo yakavakirwa pa. magadzirirwo ezvimiro zvavo zvese. Iyo MEKO sisitimu inoshandiswa mukugadzira kwayo, i.e. MEhrzweck-KOmbination (multifunctional musanganiswa) ipfungwa yakavakirwa pane modularity yezvombo, zvemagetsi uye zvimwe midziyo inodiwa inosanganisirwa muhurongwa hwekurwa, ine chinangwa chekufambisa kugadziridzwa kwemhinduro chaiyo kune zvinodiwa nengarava yakapihwa, kuchengetedza kunotevera uye kuderedza kutenga. uye mari yekugadzirisa.

Iyo MEKO A-300 frigate inoratidzwa ne: kusimuka kwese kwe5900 matani, kureba kwese kwe125,1 m, kureba kwe19,25 m, dhizaini ye5,3 m, kumhanya kwepamusoro kwe27 knots, huwandu hwe> 6000 nautical. mamaira. Mukugadzira kwake, zvakasarudzwa kushandisa CODAD (Combined Diesel And Diesel) propulsion system, inova ndiyo inodhura-inoshanda mhinduro yekuwana uye inonyanya kudhura-inoshanda muhupenyu hwefrigate. Pamusoro pezvo, inochengetedza yakakwira mwero wekusimba kwemechani uye ine zvishoma zvinokanganisa pakukura uye kuoma kwedhizaini yefrigate uye kukosha kwemasiginecha ayo emuviri, kunyanya mumabhendi einfrared uye radar, sezvazvakaita neCODAG neCODLAG. . gas turbine systems.

Chinhu chekunze chinosiyanisa dhizaini yeMEKO A-300 zviviri "zvitsuwa zvekurwa", chimwe nechimwe chine masystem akazvimirira anodiwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekushanda kweyuniti mushure mekutadza kwayo. Izvi zvinosanganisira: hurongwa hwekurwa husina basa, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi uye masisitimu ekuparadzira, masisitimu ekufambisa, masisitimu ekudzivirira kukuvara, kudziyisa, kufefetedza uye magadzirirwo emhepo, uye masisitimu ekufambisa.

Iyo MEKO A-300 frigate yakagadzirirwa kutsungirira kuputika kwepasi pemvura nekuda kwekudzivirira kwemhedzisiro uye dhizaini-yekudzivirira. Mushure mekuputika, frigate icharamba yakanyura, inokwanisa kufamba uye kurwisana (kudzivirira mhepo, pamusoro, pasi pemvura uye asymmetric kutyisidzira). Iyo unit yakagadzirwa zvinoenderana nechiyero chekusanyura, icho chinosanganisira kuchengetedza zvakanaka buoyancy kana chero matatu ari padyo nemakamuri ehull akazara nemvura. Imwe yemhando huru isina mvura yakawanda inoputika kaviri bulkhead yakasimbiswa zvakanyanya kutsungirira uye kutora simba rekuputika uye kudzivirira kupinza kwelongitudinal semhedzisiro. Iyo inoumba muganho wemukati wakatwasuka pakati peaft uye Bow "combat island" uye yekumberi uye aft kukuvara kwekudzivirira nzvimbo. Iyo MEKO A-300 frigate yaive yakashongedzerwawo nenhoo dzebhora.

Chikepe chakagadzirwa maererano neDeutsche Marine's magetsi redundancy philosophy, zvinoreva kuti chero majenareta maviri anogona kutadza uye ngarava ichine simba remagetsi rakakwana kuti riite zvinodikanwa zvekufamba nechikepe, kufamba uye simba rinodiwa. Majenareta mana ari pamagetsi maviri emagetsi, imwe pane imwe neimwe "yekurwa chitsuwa". Vanoparadzaniswa nemakamuri mashanu asina mvura, izvo zvinoita kuti pave nehupamhi hwekupona. Mukuwedzera, kana pakaitika kurasikirwa kwakakwana kwesimba guru remagetsi, frigate inogona kushandisa retractable electric azimuth propulsion unit, iyo inogona kushandiswa sechimbichimbi propulsion injini kuti iwane yakaderera.

Pfungwa ye "zvitsuwa zvekurwa" zviviri inobvumira iyo MEKO A-300 frigate kuchengetedza buoyancy uye kufamba (kufamba, magetsi, kudzivirira kukuvadzwa) uye imwe dhigirii yekurwa kwekugona (sensors, masimba makuru, kuraira, kutonga uye kutaurirana - C3 ) pane chimwe chezvitsuwa, kana rimwe basa richaremara nekuda kwekutadza muhondo kana kutadza basa iri pane imwe. Nekudaro, iyo frigate ine maviri akapatsanurwa masts uye superstructure zvidhinha pane imwe neimwe ye "zvitsuwa zvekurwa", imwe neimwe ine sensors uye actuators, pamwe neC3 zvinhu zvekupa kutonga, kuona, kuteedzera uye kurwisa munzvimbo dzese nhatu.

Nheyo huru ye tekinoroji yeMEKO kugona kubatanidza chero hurongwa hwekurwisa muA-300 frigate, kusanganisira iyo yekurwisa control system (CMS) kubva kune akasiyana siyana evatengesi, kuburikidza nekushandiswa kweasina-standard mechanic, magetsi, chiratidzo kutonhora. kusanganisa interfaces. Nokudaro, mumhando dzinopfuura gumi nemaviri uye subtypes yefrigates uye corvettes yakagadzirwa uye yakaendeswa neTKMS mumakore makumi matatu apfuura, maitiro akasiyana-siyana ekutonga kubva kune vakasiyana-siyana vanogadzira akabatanidzwa, kusanganisira: Atlas Elektronik, Thales, Saab uye Lockheed Martin.

Panyaya yehurongwa hwekurwa, MEKO A-300 frigate yakashongedzerwa zvakakwana kudzora, kuona, kuronda uye kurwisa kutyisidzira kwemhepo kwenguva refu, kusanganisira mabhomba ehunyanzvi, pamadaro anodarika 150 km uye nekudyidzana nemauto emugungwa kana semhepo. yakasanganiswa sensor chikuva / kurwisa munzvimbo yekudzivirira yemhepo.

Dhizaini yeMEKO A-300 yakagadzirirwa kubatanidza chero anti-ship missile kubva kumugadziri weWestern. Nhamba yavo yepamusoro ndeye 16, iyo inoita kuti ive imwe yezvikwata zvakashongedzwa zvakanyanya zvehukuru hwayo.

Kutsvaga ngarava dzepasi pemvura, frigate yaive ne: hull sonar, towed sonar (passive uye inoshanda) uye ship-based outboard sensors, frigates akabatanidzwa nePDS network (kusvika kune maviri helicopters ane sonar uye sonar buoys, anosvika maviri. sonar, senge Atlas Elektronik ARCIMS). MEKO A-11 inoshongedzerwa neAtlas Elektronik sonars inoshanda papakati uye yakakwirira frequency uye yakanyatsogadzirirwa kushanda mumamiriro eBaltic.

Zvombo zvePDO zvinosanganisira: maviri katatu 324-mm mwenje torpedo machubhu, maviri Atlas Elektronik SeaHake Mod 533 4-mm inorema torpedo machubhu, maviri Atlas Elektronik SeaSpider mana-barreled anti-torpedo machubhu, mana Rheinmetall MASS EM / IR anti-torpedo. machubhu. . Iyo PDO masisitimu eMEKO A-300 frigate akachinjirwa kuBaltic theatre yekushanda. Mamiriro egungwa emvura iyi, pamwe chete nemamiriro emvura uye kuvapo kwekudzoka, zvinoda kushandiswa kwemasonari epamusoro-soro pane zvikepe zvinoshanda mumvura yakadzika yegungwa.