Sevhisi fluid ATP Dextron

ATF Dexron service fluid (Dexron) chigadzirwa chakapararira mumisika yenyika dzakasiyana uye chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya nevaridzi vemhando dzakasiyana siyana uye mhando dzemota. Mvura yakataurwa, iyo inowanzonzi Dextron kana Dextron (uye muhupenyu hwemazuva ese aya mazita asiri iwo chaiwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya), imvura inoshanda muotomatiki transmissions, kutungamira kwesimba uye dzimwe nzira nemagungano.

Muchikamu chino, tichaona kuti Dexron ATF chii, kupi uye rini mvura iyi yakagadzirwa. Zvakare, kutariswa kwakanyanya kuchapihwa kune marudzi eiyi mvura iripo uye kuti akasiyana marudzi akasiyana sei, iyo Dextron yekuzadza otomatiki kutumira uye mamwe mayunitsi, nezvimwe.

Mhando uye marudzi ezvinwiwa Dexron

Kutanga, nhasi unogona kuwana zvinwiwa kubva kuDexron 2, Dexron IID kana Dexron 3 kusvika kuDexron 6. Kutaura zvazviri, rudzi rumwe norumwe chizvarwa chakasiyana chekutakura mvura, inowanzozivikanwa seDexron. Iyo budiriro ndeyeGeneral Motors (GM), iyo yakagadzira yayo otomatiki transmission fluid Dexron muna 1968.

Ramba uchifunga kuti indasitiri yemotokari mumakore iwayo yaive padanho rekusimudzira, maautomaker makuru kwese kwese akagadzira kushivirira uye zviyero zvemafuta uye ekufambisa mvura. Mune ramangwana, uku kushivirira uye kutsanangurwa kwakava chinhu chinosungirwa kumakambani echitatu-bato anogadzira mvura dzemotokari.

• Ngatidzokerei kuDextron. Mushure mekusunungurwa kwechizvarwa chekutanga chemvura yakadaro, makore mana gare gare, GM yakamanikidzwa kukudziridza chizvarwa chechipiri cheDextron.

Chikonzero ndechekuti mafuta ewhale aishandiswa zvakanyanya semugadziriso wekukwenya muchizvarwa chekutanga, uye mafuta egiya pachawo akakurumidza kusashanda nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya mukufambiswa otomatiki. Nzira itsva yaifanira kugadzirisa matambudziko, iyo yakaumba hwaro hweDexron IIC.

Muchokwadi, mafuta ewhale akatsiviwa nemafuta ejojoba semugadziriso wekukwenya, uye kudzivirira kupisa kwechigadzirwa kwakagadziridzwa zvakare. Nekudaro, nezvakanakira zvese, kuumbwa kwacho kwaive nekukanganisa kwakakomba - kuomarara kwakakomba kweatomatiki kutapurirana zvinhu.

Nechikonzero ichi, corrosion inhibitors yakawedzerwa kune inotapurirana fluid kudzivirira inoshanda ngura kuumbwa. Kuvandudzwa uku kwakakonzera kuunzwa kwechigadzirwa cheDexron IID muna 1975. Uyewo panguva yekushanda, zvakazoitika kuti mvura yekufambisa, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwe-anti-corrosion package, inowanzoita kuunganidza unyoro (hygroscopicity), iyo inotungamirira kukurumidza kurasikirwa kwezvinhu.

Nechikonzero ichi, Dexron IID yakakurumidza kubviswa nekuunzwa kweDexron IIE, yakazadzwa neanoshanda ekuwedzera kudzivirira kubva pakunyorova uye ngura. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti chizvarwa ichi chemvura chave semi-synthetic.

Zvakare, ndichigutsikana nekubudirira, mushure menguva pfupi kambani yakatanga mvura nyowani ine hunhu hwakavandudzwa pamusika. Chekutanga pane zvese, kana zvizvarwa zvakapfuura zvaive nemamineral kana semi-synthetic base, saka iyo itsva Dexron 3 ATF fluid inogadzirwa pahwaro hwekugadzira.

Zvakatarwa kuti mhinduro iyi inoshingirira kune tembiricha yakakwira, ine yakanakisa lubricating uye inodzivirira zvivakwa, uye inochengeta fluidity pane yakaderera tembiricha (kudzika kusvika -30 madhigirii Celsius). Chakanga chiri chizvarwa chechitatu chakave chechokwadi chepasirese uye chakashandiswa zvakanyanya mukufambiswa otomatiki, kutungamira kwemagetsi, nezvimwe.

• Parizvino, chizvarwa chazvino chinoonekwa seDexron VI (Dextron 6), yakagadzirirwa Hydra-Matic 6L80 matanhatu-kumhanya otomatiki kutapurirana. Chigadzirwa chacho chakagamuchira zvakagadziridzwa zvekuzora zvivakwa, zvakaderedzwa kinematic viscosity, kuramba kupupuma uye ngura.

Mugadziri anoisawo mvura yakadaro seyakaumbwa isingade kutsiviwa. Mune mamwe mazwi, mafuta akadaro anodururwa mune otomatiki kutapurirana kwehupenyu hwese hweyuniti.

Ehe, muchokwadi, iyo gearbox mafuta inoda kuchinjwa yega yega 50-60 zviuru zvemakiromita, asi zviri pachena kuti zvimiro zveDextron 6 zvakavandudzika zvakanyanya. Sezvinoratidzwa nemaitiro, Dextron VI zvakare inorasikirwa nemidziyo yayo nekufamba kwenguva, asi inoda kuchinjwa kazhinji pane yakare Dextron III.

• Ndokumbira utarise kuti otomatiki ekutapurirana zvinwiwa zvakagara zvichigadzirwa nevagadziri vakasiyana, nepo zvigadzirwa zvichigadzirwa pasi pezita remhando Dexron. Kana iri GM, kunetseka kwave kuchigadzira chete rudzi urwu rwemvura kubva 2006, nepo vamwe vagadziri vemafuta vachiramba vachigadzira Dextron IID, IIE, III, nezvimwe.

Kana iri GM, iyo mubatanidzwa haina mhosva yemhando uye zvivakwa zvezvizvarwa zvakapfuura zvemvura, kunyangwe zvichiramba zvichigadzirwa zvinoenderana neDexron standard. Zvinogonawo kucherechedzwa kuti nhasi Dexron fluid inogona kuve yakajairwa kana HP (yakakwirira kuita) kune otomatiki transmissions inoshanda mumamiriro akaoma.

Kune zvakare Dexron Gear Oiri yekusiyanisa uye maclutches, Dexron Manual Transmission Fluid yemanyorero ekufambisa, Dexron Dual Clutch Transmission Fluid yemaviri-clutch marobhoti gearboxes, Dexron yekutungamirira simba uye zvimwe zvikamu uye michina. Pane ruzivo rwekuti General Motors iri kuyedza chizvarwa chazvino chemvura yekushandisa semafuta egiya eCVTs.

Ndeipi Dexron yekuzadza mukati uye zvinokwanisika kusanganisa Dexron

Kutanga, zvakakosha kusarudza rudzi rwemafuta anogona uye anofanira kudururirwa mubhokisi. Ruzivo runofanirwa kutsvakwa mugwaro, iwe unogona zvakare kuona izvo zvinoratidzwa pane otomatiki transmission mafuta dipstick.

Kana iyo tsinde yakanyorwa Dexron III, saka zviri nani kudurura rudzi urwu chete, iyo inova vimbiso yenguva dzose kushanda kwebhokisi. Kana iwe ukaedza nekuchinja kubva kune yakakurudzirwa mvura kuenda kune chero imwe, zvino mhedzisiro yakaoma kufanotaura.

Handei ikoko. Usati washandisa imwe kana imwe mhando yeDexron ATF, unofanirwa kufunga zvakasiyana nezvemamiriro ekunze ayo mota ichange iine otomatiki kutapurirana. GM inokurudzira kushandisa Dextron IID munzvimbo dzine tembiricha isingadonhe pasi -15 degrees, Dextron IIE ichidzika kusvika -30 degrees, Dexron III uye Dexron VI ichidzika kusvika -40 degrees Celsius.

Zvino ngatitaurei nezve kusanganisa. General Motors pachayo inoita kusanganisa uye kuchinjika kurudziro zvakasiyana. Chekutanga, imwe oiri ine tekinoroji yakatarwa inogona kuwedzerwa kune huru vhoriyamu yekutapurirana fluid chete mukati memiganho yakatemwa yakaparadzaniswa nemugadziri wekutumira.

Zvakare, pakusanganisa, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa pane hwaro hwaro (synthetics, semi-synthetics, mineral oil). Muchidimbu, mune zvimwe zviitiko zvichiri kugona kusanganisa mvura yemaminerari uye semi-synthetics, zvisinei, pakusanganisa synthetics nemafuta emaminerari, maitiro asina kunaka anogona kuitika.

Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukasanganisa mineral Dextron IID neyakagadzirwa Dextron IIE, kemikari inogona kuitika, zvinhu zvinonaya izvo zvinogona kukonzera kutadza kutapurirana otomatiki uye kurasikirwa kwemvura.

Isu tinokurudzirawo kuverenga chinyorwa chekuti mafuta egiya anogona kusanganiswa. Muchikamu chino, iwe uchadzidza nezve maficha ekusanganisa mafuta egiya, uye izvo zvaunofanira kufunga nezvazvo paunenge uchisanganisa mafuta mumotokari gearbox.

Panguva imwecheteyo, Dextron IID ore inogona kusanganiswa neDextron III. Muchiitiko ichi, kunewo njodzi, asi dzakati dzakaderedzwa, sezvo kakawanda izvo zvinonyanya kuwedzera zvezvinwiwa izvi zvakafanana.

Tichifunga nezvekuchinjana kweDexron, ipapo Dexron IID inogona kutsiviwa neDexron IIE mune chero otomatiki kutapurirana, asi Dexron IIE haifanirwe kuchinjirwa kuDexron IID.

Zvakare, Dexron III inogona kudururirwa mubhokisi umo Dexron II mvura yakashandiswa. Nekudaro, kudzosera kumashure (kudzoreredza kubva kuDextron 3 kuenda kuDextron 2) kunorambidzwa. Mukuwedzera, mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kuiswa kusingapi mukana wekuderedza coefficient of friction, kutsiva Dexron II neDextron III hakubvumirwi.

Zviri pachena kuti mashoko ari pamusoro apa ndeekutungamirirwa chete. Sezvinoratidzwa nemaitiro, zvakaringana kuzadza mubhokisi nesarudzo chete inokurudzirwa nemugadziri.

Izvo zvakare zvinogamuchirwa kushandisa analogues, zvakati zvakanatsiridzwa maererano nemhando yezvivakwa uye zviratidzo. Semuyenzaniso, kushandura kubva pakugadzira Dexron IIE kuenda kune yakagadzirwa Dexron III (zvakakosha kuti hwaro hwemafuta base uye iyo huru yekuwedzera pasuru irambe isina kuchinjika).

Kana iwe ukaita chikanganiso uye ukazadza otomatiki kutapurirana neasina-inokurudzirwa transmission fluid, matambudziko anogona kumuka (friction disc slip, viscosity kusaenzana, kurasikirwa kwekumanikidza, nezvimwewo). Mune zvimwe zviitiko, maclutches anogona kupera nekukurumidza, zvinoda otomatiki kutapurirana kugadziriswa.

Ngationei mhinduro

Tichifunga nezveruzivo rwuri pamusoro, tinogona kugumisa kuti Dexron ATF 3 uye Dexron VI ekufambisa mafuta nhasi anochinja-chinja uye akakodzera nhamba huru yeatomatiki transmissions, kutungamira kwemagetsi, pamwe nenhamba yezvimwe zvikamu uye michina yeGM mota.

Isu tinokurudzirawo kuverenga chinyorwa nezve iyo Lukoil manual transmission oil chii. Muchikamu chino, iwe uchadzidza pamusoro pezvakanakira uye zvakaipira zveLukoil giya mafuta ekufambisa kwemanyorero, pamwe nezvaunofanira kufunga pakusarudza chigadzirwa ichi. Zvisinei, kushivirira uye kurumbidza kunofanira kudzidzwa zvakasiyana munyaya imwe neimwe, sezvo mumabhokisi ekare zvingave zvisinganyanyi kukosha kuchinja kubva kuDexron 2 kusvika kuDexron 3. Zvakakoshawo kuyeuka kuti kukwidziridza kusvika padanho repamusoro kunowanzova kwakanaka (kubva kuDexron IIE kuenda kuDexron3, semuenzaniso), asi kazhinji hazvikurudzirwe kudzoka kubva kune imwe mhinduro yemazuva ano kune zvigadzirwa zvenhaka.

Chekupedzisira, tinoona kuti zviri nani kutanga kushandisa chete yakakodzera transmission fluid inotsanangurwa nemugadziri, pamwe nekuchinja oiri mune otomatiki transmissions, power steering, nezvimwewo panguva yakakodzera.Iyi nzira inodzivirira matambudziko nematambudziko akabatana ne kusanganisa, pamwe nekuchinja kubva kune imwe mhando yeATF kuenda kune imwe.