Hinges akaenzana uye asina kuenzana angular velocities

Cardan gear ine hinge yeasingaenzanisi angular velocities

Rudzi urwu rwekutapurirana runogona kuwanikwa mumotokari dzine kumashure kana ese-mavhiri. Chigadzirwa chekutumira kwakadaro ndecheiyi: hinges yeasingaenzanisi angular velocities inowanikwa pa cardan shafts. Pane zvinhu zvinobatanidza pamagumo ekufambisa. Kana zvichidikanwa, bhakiti yekubatanidza inoshandiswa.

Iyo hinge inosanganisa peya yezvitubu, muchinjiko uye yekukiya michina. Tsono mabheji akaiswa mumaziso eforogo, umo mutezo wemuchinjikwa unotenderera.

Bearings haasi pasi pekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa. Vanozadzwa nemafuta panguva yekuiswa.

Chinhu chehinge ndechekuti inotumira torque isina kuenzana. Yechipiri axle nguva nenguva inosvika uye inomira kuseri kweiyo huru axle. Kuripira kukanganisa uku, hinge dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa mukutapurirana. Maforogo akapesana ehinge ari mundege imwechete.

Zvichienderana nechinhambwe icho torque inofanira kufambiswa, imwe kana maviri shafts anoshandiswa mumutsetse wekutyaira. Kana nhamba yemaekisi yakaenzana nembiri, imwe yacho inonzi yepakati, yechipiri - kumashure. Kuti ugadzirise maekisi, bhakiti yepakati inoiswa, iyo inosungirirwa kumuviri wemotokari.

Mutsara wekutumira wakabatanidzwa kune zvimwe zvinhu zvemotokari uchishandisa flanges, couplings uye zvimwe zvinobatanidza zvinhu.

Zvakachengeteka kutaura kuti hinges yeasina kuenzana angular velocities ine yakaderera kuvimbika uye hupenyu hupfupi hwebasa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu emazuva ano, makadhi emakadhi ane CV joints anoshandiswa.

Dhizaini uye musimboti wekushanda

Mune zvakadzama, isu tichafunga nezve dhizaini uye musimboti wekushanda kweCV majoini tichishandisa muenzaniso wemotokari yeVAZ-2199.

Iyi mota ndeyekumberi-vhiri dhiraivha, saka maCV majoini anobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwekutapurirana.

Chinhu chekunze chemotokari iyi chinogadzirwa maererano ne "Beerfield" mhando.

Kunoperera shaft yedhiraivha inobuda mugearbox, pane mhete yemukati ine 6 grooves.

Chibatiso chekunze chine migoro pauriri hwemukati. Iyo clip pachayo yakabatana kune axle, iyo pane splines akaiswa mukati mevhiri hub.

Iyo yemukati keji inopinda mune imwe yekunze, uye mabhora esimbi anoshanda anoiswa mumigero iripo yemakeji ese ari maviri. Kudzivirira mabhora kuti asadonha, anopinzwa mupatsanuri.

Iyi CV yakabatana inoshanda seizvi: paunenge uchityaira, vhiri rinogara richifamba maererano nemuviri wemotokari nekuda kwekumisikidzwa kwakazvimiririra, nepo kona iri pakati pedhiraivha shaft uye shaft yakaiswa mukati mehubhu iri kuramba ichichinja nekuda kwekukanganisa kwemugwagwa.

Mabhora, achifamba achitevedza grooves, anopa nguva dzose kutapurirana kwekutenderera apo kona inoshanduka.

Kugadzirwa kwe "grenade" yemukati, iyo iri mumotokari iyi yerudzi rweGKN, yakafanana neyekunze, asi chikamu chekunze chinenge chakareba, izvi zvinovimbisa kuchinja kwehurefu hwemotokari.

Paunenge uchityaira kuburikidza nemapundu, kona yekunze kweCV yakabatana inoshanduka, uye gumbo pacharo rinokwira kumusoro. Muchiitiko ichi, kushandura kona kunobata kureba kwekadhi shaft.

Muchiitiko chekushandisa GKN CV joint, nhangemutange yemukati, pamwe chete nemabhora, inogona kupinda mukati mukati mekunze kwekunze, nokudaro ichishandura kureba kweshaft.

Dhizaini yekuparadzanisa splined ball joint yakavimbika kwazvo, asi ine imwe caveat. Ivo vanonzwa zvakanyanya kune kusvibiswa.

Iyo ingress yeguruva nejecha mu "grenade" inokonzera kukurumidza kupera kwema grooves nemabhora.

Nokudaro, zvinhu zvemukati zvekubatana uku zvinofanira kuvharwa neanthers.

Kukuvadzwa kwebhutsu kuchaita kuti girisi yeCV ibude uye jecha ripinde.

Zviri nyore kuona dambudziko nezvinhu izvi: kana mavhiri atendeuka zvachose, uye vatungamiriri vanotanga kufamba, kudzvanya kwehunhu kunonzwika.

Cardan drive ine nguva dzose velocity joint

Rudzi urwu rwekutapurirana runoshandiswa zvakanyanya pamberi pemotokari dzinotyaira. Nekubatsira kwayo, kusiyanisa uye hubhu yevhiri rekufambisa zvakabatana.

Kutapurirana kune mahinji maviri, emukati nekunze, akabatanidzwa ne shaft. Majoini eCV anowanzo shandiswa pamotokari dzekumashure-mavhiri, pamotokari dzese-mavhiri. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti SHRUS ndeyechimanjemanje uye inoshanda, kunze kweiyo, ruzha rwavo rwakadzika zvakanyanya pane reSHRUS.

Inonyanya kuwanikwa imhando yebhora inogara iri velocity joint. Iyo CV yakabatana inoendesa torque kubva padhiraivha shaft kuenda kune inofambiswa shaft. Iyo angular velocity ye torque transmission inogara iripo. Izvo hazvibvi pakona yekurerekera kwemasanhu.

SHRUS, kana sekudanwa kwainodanwa kunzi "grenade", muviri wakatenderedzwa umo mune clip. Mabhora anotenderedzana. Dzinofamba dzichitevedza mikoto inokosha.

Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo torque inofambiswa zvakafanana kubva kune drive shaft kuenda kune inotyairwa shaft, zvichienderana nekuchinja kwekona. Muparadzi anobata mabhora panzvimbo. "Grenade" inodzivirirwa kubva pamigumisiro yemamiriro ekunze "guruva rinovhara" - chivharo chekudzivirira.

Chinodiwa chehupenyu hurefu hwesevhisi yeCV majoini kuvepo kwekuzora mavari. Uye kuvapo kwekuzora, zvakare, kunovimbiswa nekusimba kwehinge.

Zvakasiyana, zvakakodzera kutaura nezvekuchengetedza kweCV majoini. Kana kuputika kana ruzha ruchinzwika mu "grenade", inofanira kuchinjwa pakarepo. Kushandisa mota ine chinokanganisa CV joint kune njodzi zvakanyanya. Mune mamwe mazwi, vhiri rinogona kudonha. Chikonzero chekuti cardan shaft inova isingashandisi, kazhinji, kusarudzwa kusina kunaka kwekumhanya uye mugwagwa usina kunaka.

Chinangwa chekufambisa kweCardan uye kurongeka kweiyo inonyanya kukosha nzira yekufambisa

Kudzidza chimiro chemotokari, isu, shamwari, tinogara tichiwana epakutanga uye inonakidza mainjiniya mhinduro, dzimwe nguva iri nyore kana yakangwara, uye dzimwe nguva yakaoma kwazvo zvekuti hazvigoneke kuti munhu asiri nyanzvi ararame nazvo.

Muchinyorwa chino, isu tichaedza kujairana nemashini anoita basa rakakosha zvakanyanya - kuendesa kutenderera kubva kubhokisi regiya kuenda kune axle ine mavhiri ekutyaira. Ichi chishandiso chinonzi -, kuendesa cardan, chinangwa uye mudziyo watinofanira kuziva.

Cardan: sei ichidiwa?

Saka, ndeapi matambudziko anogona kumuka kana isu tichida kuendesa torque kubva muinjini kuenda kumavhiri? Pakutanga kuona, basa racho rakareruka, asi ngatitarisei zvakanyanya.

Ichokwadi ndechokuti, kusiyana nejini uye gearbox, mavhiri, pamwe chete nekumiswa, ane imwe nzira yekufamba, zvinoreva kuti hazvibviri kungobatanidza node idzi.

Mainjiniya vakagadzirisa dambudziko iri nekutapurirana.

Chinhu chakakosha cheiyo mechanic ndiyo inonzi yakabatana yepasirese, inova ndiyo yakanyanyisa hunyanzvi mhinduro inobvumidza iwe neni kunakidzwa nerwendo rwemotokari.

Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti makadhi anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuchina. Chaizvoizvo, hongu, ivo vanogona kuwanikwa mukutapurirana, asi nekuwedzera, rudzi urwu rwekutapurirana rwakabatana neinotungamira system.

Hinge: chakavanzika chikuru chekadhi

Naizvozvo, hatizotambisi nguva pakutaura kusingakoshi uye kupfuurira kune musimboti wechinetso. Kufambiswa kwemota, zvisinei kuti ndeipi modhi, ine huwandu hwezvinhu zvakajairwa, zvinoti:

• zvishwe,
• kutyaira, kutyaira uye mabhiriji epakati,
• inotsigira,
• kubatanidza zvinhu uye couplings.

Misiyano pakati pezvirongwa izvi, sekutonga, inotarirwa nemhando yekubatana kwepasi rose. Pane maitiro ekuita akadaro:

• ine hinge yeangular velocities isina kuenzana,
• neinongogara ichimhanya,
• ine semi-cardan elastic joint.

Kana vatyairi vataura izwi rekuti "cardan", vanowanzoreva sarudzo yekutanga. Iyo CV yakabatana michina inonyanya kuwanikwa pane yekumashure-vhiri kana mota dzese-mavhiri.

Kushanda kwemhando iyi yekutapurirana kwekadhi kune chinhu, iyo inokanganisawo. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti nekuda kweiyo dhizaini yehinge, kufambisa kwakatsetseka kwe torque hakugoneke, asi zvinozoitika kuti izvi zvinoitwa chete cyclic: mune imwe shanduko, shaft inofambiswa inosara kumashure kaviri nekaviri pamberi pedhiraivha shaft.

Iyi nuance inobhadharwa nekuiswa kweimwe hinge yakafanana. Iyo cardan drive device yemhando iyi iri nyore, sezvinhu zvose zvine njere: maekisi akabatanidzwa nemaforogo maviri ari pakona ye90 degrees uye akasungirirwa nemuchinjikwa.

Zvakanyanya kufambira mberi ndizvo zvinosarudzwa neCV majoini eakaenzana angular kumhanya, ayo, nenzira, anowanzo kunzi CV majoini; Unofanira kunge wakanzwa zita iri.

Iko kutumirwa kwekadhi, chinangwa uye chigadziro chatiri kufunga munyaya iyi, ine zvinyorwa zvayo. Kunyangwe dhizaini yaro yakanyanya kuoma, izvi zvinopfuura kuderedzwa nehuwandu hwezvakanakira. Saka, semuenzaniso, matemo emhando iyi yekurembera anogara achitenderera zvakafanana uye anogona kugadzira kona inosvika 35 madhigirii. Izvo zvisingabatsiri zvekugadzirisa zvinogona, zvichida, kusanganisira chirongwa chegungano chakaoma.

Iyo CV yakabatana inofanirwa kugara yakavharwa, sezvo paine yakakosha lubricant mukati mayo. Depressurization inokonzeresa kuvuza kwemafuta aya, uye mune iyi nyaya, hinge inokurumidza kusashanda uye inotyoka. Nekudaro, majoini eCV, nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera uye kutonga, akasimba kupfuura mamwe awo. Iwe unogona kuwana majoi eCV pane ese ari kumberi-vhiri dhiraivha uye ese-mavhiri dhiraivha mota.

Dhizaini uye kushanda kwekadhi dhiraivha ine elastic semi-cardan inewo maitiro ayo, ayo, nenzira, haabvumire kuti ishandiswe mumagadzirirwo emotokari emazuva ano.

Kufambiswa kwekutenderera pakati pemashaft maviri mune iyi kesi kunoitika nekuda kwekugadziriswa kweiyo elastic element, senge yakanyatso gadzirwa clutch. Iyi sarudzo inonzi haina kuvimbika zvakanyanya uye nekudaro haisati yashandiswa muindasitiri yemotokari.

Zvakanaka, shamwari, chinangwa uye dhizaini yekutapurirana, pamwe nemhando dzatakaburitsa muchinyorwa chino, yakazove nzira iri nyore inounza akawanda mabhenefiti.

Rigid hinge

Rigid articular joints inomiririrwa ne elastic semi-cardiac joints. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo iyo torque kubva kune dhiraivha shaft kuenda kune inofambiswa shaft, iyo ine imwe angle yenzvimbo, inowanikwa nekuda kwekushandurwa kwechibatanidza chinovabatanidza. Iyo elastic link inogadzirwa nerabha ine zvinogoneka kusimbisa.

Muenzaniso weiyo elastic element ndeye Gibo coupling. Inotaridzika sechinhu chine hexagonal, pane iyo simbi yesimbi inoputika. Sleeve yacho yakamisikidzwa kare. Iyi dhizaini inoratidzirwa nekunyorovesa kwakanaka kwema torsional vibrations pamwe nekukatyamadzwa kwechimiro. Inobvumira kutaura kwetsvimbo ine divergence angle inosvika 8 madhigirii uye kufamba kwetsvimbo kunosvika 12 mm kumativi ese. Basa guru remaitiro akadaro nderokubhadhara zvisizvo panguva yekuisa.

Izvo zvisingabatsiri zvegungano zvinosanganisira kuwedzera ruzha panguva yekushanda, matambudziko ekugadzira uye hupenyu hushoma hwebasa.

Annex a (inozivisa) kuverenga kweiyo yakakosha kumhanya kweiyo cardan shaft

Annex A (inozivisa)

Nokuda kwekadhini shaft ine pombi yesimbi, iyo yakakosha kukurumidza n, min, inotarirwa nemaitiro

(A.1)

apo D ndiyo dhayamita rekunze repombi, masendimita, d ndiwo dhayamita yemukati yepombi, masendimita;

L - kureba kureba pakati pemasanhu emakadhian shaft hinges, cm;

uko n ndiyo frequency yekutenderera kwekadhini shaft mugiya (yakasikwa frequency ye transverse vibrations ye shaft zvinoenderana nefomu yekutanga), inoenderana nekumhanya kwakanyanya kwemota, min.

1 Ichi chiverengero hachifungi nezve elasticity yezvitsigiro.

2 Kune magiya emakadhi ane chitsigiro chepakati, kukosha L kunotorwa kuenzana nekureba kubva kune hinge axis kusvika kune axis yekutakura kwekutsigirwa kwepakati. Iyo yakakosha kukurumidza kweshaft, yakagadzirwa nenzira yekukanda pakati pezvibatanidza zvekadhi, inoverengwa pa d yakaenzana ne zero. Iyo yakakosha kumhanya kweiyo cardan shaft, inosanganisira pombi uye tsvimbo, inoverengerwa zvichienderana neiyo yakapihwa kukosha kwepombi kureba L cm, yakaverengerwa neformula.

,(A.2) uko L ndiko kureba kwechubhu yeshaft, cm; l ndihwo hurefu hwepombi inotsiva chinongedzo cheekisero, masendimita.Kureba kwepombi l kutsiva chinongedzo cheekisero kunoverengerwa neformula (A.3) apo l ndihwo hurefu hweekisero link, cm; d ndiyo dhayamita yekadhini shaft rod, cm. Iyo yakakosha frequency yekutenderera kwekadhi shaft, tichifunga nezve elasticity yezvitsigiro zvayo mukutapurirana, inotaridzwa kuedza nemugadziri wemotokari. Kuwanda kwekutenderera kwekadhi mukufambisa, kunoenderana nepamusoro-soro inokwanisika kukurumidza kwemotokari, haifaniri kudarika 80% yehuwandu hunokosha, tichifunga nezvekuwanda kwezvitsigiro.

Kakawanda malfunctions uye kubviswa kwavo

Kukundikana kwese kunogona kukamurwa zvichienderana nezviratidzo zvinobuda zvekutadza:

1. Kudengenyeka panguva yekufamba - mabheji emuchinjikwa kana sleeves akasakara, chiyero che shaft chinovhiringidzika;
2. Kugogodza pakutanga-up: grooves ye splines yakasakara, kugadzirisa mabhoti anosunungurwa;
3. Kubuda kwemafuta kubva kumabhengi - zvisimbiso zvakasakara.

Kuti abvise matambudziko ari pamusoro apa, "makadhi" anoparadzaniswa uye zvikamu zvakakundikana zvinotsiviwa. Kana paine kusaenzana, shaft inofanirwa kuve yakaenzana.

Zvakanakira uye zvakaipira zveSHRUS

Pakati pezvakanakira zviri pachena zvemubatanidzwa weCV inyaya yekuti panguva yekufambisa nerubatsiro rwehinge iyi panenge pasina kurasikirwa kwesimba kana zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzakafanana, zvimwe zvakanakira huremu hwayo hushoma, kuvimbika uye nyore kutsiva pakaitika breakdown.

Kuipa kwemajoini eCV kunosanganisira kuvepo kweanther mudhizaini, iri zvakare mudziyo wekuzora. Iyo CV yakabatana iri munzvimbo iyo isingaite kudzivirira kusangana kwayo nezvinhu zvekunze. Iyo trunk inogona kuputsa, semuenzaniso, kana uchityaira uchitevedza yakadzika rut, kana uchirova chipingamupinyi, etc. Sezvo mutemo, muridzi wemotokari anongoziva nezve izvi kana tsvina yatopinda mubhoti kuburikidza nekutsemuka mubhoti, zvichikonzera. kupfeka kwakanyanya. Kana iwe uine chokwadi chekuti izvi zvakaitika nguva pfupi yadarika, unogona kubvisa iyo CV yekubatanidza, kuibvisa, kutsiva bhutsu uye kuzadza negirisi nyowani. Kana dambudziko rakamuka kare kare, ipapo CV yekubatana ichakundikana mberi kwenguva.

Mhando dzekugara kwevelocity joints

Sarudzo dzemagadzirirwo emubatanidzwa webhora, kunyangwe dzaive dzakanyanya muindasitiri yemotokari dzevafambi, handidzo chete dzaigoneka.

Bhora rakabatana

Tripod CV majoini akawana inoshanda application yemotokari dzevatyairi uye dzakareruka dzekutengesa mota, umo anotenderera anotenderera ane denderedzwa rekushanda rinotamba basa remabhora.

SHRUS katatu

Kumarori, cam (rusk) zvishwe zvemhando ye "turakiti", inoumbwa nemakumbo maviri uye maviri madhisiki akaumbwa, akapararira. Maforogo mumagadzirirwo akadai akakura uye anogona kumira mitoro inorema (inotsanangura nzvimbo yekushandiswa kwavo).

Cam (bhisikiti) SHRUS

Izvo zvinodikanwa kutaura imwe shanduro yeCV joint - dual cardan joints. Mavari, iyo isina kuenzana kutapurirana kweangular velocity yekutanga gimbal inobhadharwa neyechipiri gimbal.

Majoini maviri epasi rose akaenzana kumhanya kwemakona

Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, kona iri pakati pemasanhu maviri munyaya iyi haifaniri kudarika 20⁰ (zvikasadaro mitoro yakawedzerwa uye kudengenyeka kunooneka), iyo inogadzirisa chiyero chekugadzirwa kwakadaro kunyanya kune zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira migwagwa.

Mukati nekunze CV majoini

Pamusoro pemisiyano mukugadzira, majoini eCV akakamurwa, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekuiswa kwavo, kunze uye mukati.

Iyo yemukati CV joint inobatanidza giya bhokisi kune axle shaft, uye yekunze CV joint inobatanidza axle shaft kune vhiri hub. Pamwe chete nekadhini shaft, aya majoini maviri anoumba kutapurirana kwemotokari.

Rudzi rwakawanda rwekubatana kwekunze ijoini yebhora. Iyo yemukati CV inobatana haingopi yakakura kona pakati peaxles, asi zvakare inobhadhara mafambiro eiyo cardan shaft kana ichifamba maererano nekusimiswa. Naizvozvo, gungano retatu rinowanzoshandiswa semubatanidzwa wemukati mumotokari dzinotakura vanhu.

Mamiriro anodiwa ekushanda kwakajairwa kwemubatanidzwa weCV ndiko kudzora kwezvikamu zvinofamba zvehinge. Iyo yakasimba yenzvimbo yekushanda iyo iyo lubricant inowanikwa inovimbiswa neanthers inodzivirira mabrasive particles kuti asapinda munzvimbo dzekushanda. Zvichipa mutoro wepamusoro wezvikamu, marudzi chete emafuta emafuta akagadzirirwa mayunitsi akadaro anoshandiswa.

Hinge: chakavanzika chikuru chekadhi

Zviripachena kuti kuendesa cardan, chinangwa uye mudziyo watiri kufunga nezvawo nhasi, chinhu chakakosha zvakanyanya.

Naizvozvo, hatizotambisi nguva pakutaura kusingakoshi uye kupfuurira kune musimboti wechinetso. Kufambiswa kwemota, zvisinei kuti ndeipi modhi, ine huwandu hwezvinhu zvakajairwa, zvinoti:

• zvishwe;
• kutyaira, kutyaira uye pakati shafts;
• inotsigira;
• kubatanidza zvinhu uye couplings.

Misiyano pakati pezvirongwa izvi, sekutonga, inotarirwa nemhando yekubatana kwepasi rose. Pane maitiro ekuita akadaro:

• ine hinge yeangular velocities isina kuenzana;
• ine hinge yeakaenzana angular velocities;
• ine semi-cardan elastic joint.

Kana vatyairi vataura izwi rekuti "cardan", vanowanzoreva sarudzo yekutanga. Iyo CV yakabatana michina inonyanya kuwanikwa pane yekumashure-vhiri kana mota dzese-mavhiri.

Kushanda kwemhando iyi yekutapurirana kwekadhi kune chinhu, iyo inokanganisawo. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti nekuda kweiyo dhizaini yehinge, kufambisa kwakatsetseka kwe torque hakugoneke, asi zvinozoitika kuti izvi zvinoitwa chete cyclic: mune imwe shanduko, shaft inofambiswa inosara kumashure kaviri nekaviri pamberi pedhiraivha shaft.

Iyi nuance inobhadharwa nekuiswa kweimwe hinge yakafanana. Iyo cardan drive device yemhando iyi iri nyore, sezvinhu zvose zvine njere: maekisi akabatanidzwa nemaforogo maviri ari pakona ye90 degrees uye akasungirirwa nemuchinjikwa.

Zvakanyanya kufambira mberi ndizvo zvinosarudzwa neCV majoini eakaenzana angular kumhanya, ayo, nenzira, anowanzo kunzi CV majoini; Unofanira kunge wakanzwa zita iri.

Iko kutumirwa kwekadhi, chinangwa uye chigadziro chatiri kufunga munyaya iyi, ine zvinyorwa zvayo. Kunyangwe dhizaini yaro yakanyanya kuoma, izvi zvinopfuura kuderedzwa nehuwandu hwezvakanakira. Saka, semuenzaniso, matemo emhando iyi yekurembera anogara achitenderera zvakafanana uye anogona kugadzira kona inosvika 35 madhigirii. Izvo zvisingabatsiri zvekugadzirisa zvinogona, zvichida, kusanganisira chirongwa chegungano chakaoma.

Iyo CV yakabatana inofanirwa kugara yakavharwa, sezvo paine yakakosha lubricant mukati mayo. Depressurization inokonzeresa kuvuza kwemafuta aya, uye mune iyi nyaya, hinge inokurumidza kusashanda uye inotyoka. Nekudaro, majoini eCV, nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera uye kutonga, akasimba kupfuura mamwe awo. Iwe unogona kuwana majoi eCV pane ese ari kumberi-vhiri dhiraivha uye ese-mavhiri dhiraivha mota.

Dhizaini uye kushanda kwekadhi dhiraivha ine elastic semi-cardan inewo maitiro ayo, ayo, nenzira, haabvumire kuti ishandiswe mumagadzirirwo emotokari emazuva ano.

Kufambiswa kwekutenderera pakati pemashaft maviri mune iyi kesi kunoitika nekuda kwekugadziriswa kweiyo elastic element, senge yakanyatso gadzirwa clutch. Iyi sarudzo inonzi haina kuvimbika zvakanyanya uye nekudaro haisati yashandiswa muindasitiri yemotokari.

Zvakanaka, shamwari, chinangwa uye dhizaini yekutapurirana, pamwe nemhando dzatakaburitsa muchinyorwa chino, yakazove nzira iri nyore inounza akawanda mabhenefiti.

Muchikamu chinotevera, tichataura nezvechimwe chinhu chinobatsira zvakaenzana. Ndeipi ye? Nyorera kune tsamba uye uve nechokwadi chekuwana!

Cardan transmission ne semi-cardan elastic joint

Iyo elastic semi-cardan joint inofambisa kufambisa kwe torque pakati pemashafts ari pakona diki. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekushandurwa kweiyo elastic bond.

Muenzaniso ndeye Guibo flexible coupling. Ichi chinhu chine hexagonal compressed elastic element. Iwo maflange ekutyaira uye anotyairwa shaft akasungirirwa pairi uye torque inofambiswa.

Chirevo chemufananidzo pamusoro pekuputswa uye kuiswa kweCV majoini paVAZ 2110-2112

Chokutanga pane zvose, kana motokari ichiri pasi, zvakakosha kubvisa chivharo chekudzivirira kubva kune hub nut uye kuibvisa. Zvadaro, uchishandisa lever ine simba uye 32 musoro, sunungura hub nut, asi kwete zvachose:

Mushure meizvozvo, tinosunungura mabhaudhi ese pavhiri uye tobvisa, takambosimudza pamberi pemota nejeki. Mushure meizvozvo, pakupedzisira sunungura hub nut uye bvisa washer.

Tobva tasunungura ma screws maviri akabata bhora rejoint kubva pazasi:

Mushure meizvozvo, iwe unokwanisa kutsveta banga rekutungamira kudivi uye kubvisa imwe magumo eiyo CV majoini kubva kuhubhu:

Kana zvichidikanwa kutsiva iyo yekunze CV joint, inogona kutodonhedzwa kunze kweshaft nesando, asi izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa nekuchenjerera kuti zvisakuvadza chero chinhu. Uye iyo yakanakira sarudzo, hongu, ndiko kubviswa kwakakwana kweyuniti

Kuti uite izvi, uchishandisa bracket, iwe unofanirwa kubvisa iyo yemukati CV majoini uye woibvisa kubva mubhokisi regiya:

Somugumisiro, zvinokwanisika kubvisa zvachose CV joint kubva kuVAZ 2110 gearbox uye kubvisa musangano wekutumira kune kunze. Zvadaro, tichishandisa vice uye sando, tinobvisa majoini ese anodiwa eCV, mukati nekunze.

Iva nechokwadi chekuteerera kune mamiriro eanthers. Kana dzakakuvadzwa, dzinofanira kutsiviwa nemitsva.

Kuiswa kunoitwa mune reverse kurongeka uye mune imwecheteyo vhidhiyo yakaratidzwa pakutanga kwechinyorwa, zvese zvinonyatso kuoneka. Izvo zvakakodzerawo kutaura mutengo wezvikamu zvitsva. Saka, mutengo wekunze kweCV yakabatana paVAZ 2110 inogona kubva ku900 kusvika ku1500 rubles. Kune mudzidzi, iwe uchafanirwa kubhadhara kubva ku1200 kusvika ku2000 rubles.

Muma80s ezana ramakore rapfuura, nhanho yakakosha mukugadzirwa kwakawanda kwemotokari dzevatakuri yakatanga - shanduko kubva kune yakasarudzika dhizaini ine cardan shaft uye rear axle kuenda kumberi-vhiri drive. Mberi-gumbo dhiraivha ine MacPherson struts yakaratidza kuve yakapusa uye yakavimbika sisitimu ine akati wandei mabhenefiti:

• kuwedzera kubata uye kugona kuyambuka-nyika nekuda kwehuremu hwemberi kwemota;
• kugadzikana kwekutungamira kwemuchina, kunyanya panzvimbo inotsvedza;
• kuwedzera munzvimbo inoshandisika yekabhini nekuda kweiyo compact zviyero zveinjini compartment uye kusavapo kwecardan shaft;
• kuderedzwa uremu hwemotokari nekuda kwekushaikwa kwegiya bhokisi uye kumashure-vhiri dhiraivha zvinhu;
• kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa kwechimiro uye kuwedzera zviyero zve trunk nekuda kwekuisa tangi yemafuta pasi pechigaro chemashure.

Nekudaro, kuendesa kutenderera kumavhiri ekutyaira, akati wandei epanjodzi zvikamu uye magungano akaunzwa mukugadzira. Chinhu chikuru chakaremerwa chekufambisa chinhu pamotokari dzemberi-mavhiri inogara ichimhanya majoini (CV majoini).

Main malfunctions, zviratidzo zvavo

Iyo yakanyanya kusimba meshini mukugadzira ndiyo axis pachayo. Inokandwa kubva kune alloy yakasimba iyo inogona kumira mitoro yakanyanyisa. Naizvozvo, iwe uchafanirwa kuedza zvakanyanya kuikuvadza. Sezvo mutemo, aya ma mechanical kukuvara mutsaona.

Kazhinji, zvikanganiso zvakakura zvinogona kugoverwa mumhando dzinoverengeka:

1. Vibration: Paunenge uchitanga kana kutyaira, kudengenyeka kwakasimba kana kusina simba kunogona kuitika. Ichi ndicho chiratidzo chekutanga chekukuvadza kune spider bearings. Uyewo, dambudziko rinogona kuratidza kusaenzana kusina kunaka kweshaft, izvi zvinoitika mushure mekukuvara kwemagetsi.
2. Knock - Kugogodza kwehunhu kana uchifamba kubva panzvimbo imwe zvinoreva kuti mabhaudhi anokwirisa kana splines asakara. Muchiitiko ichi, zviri nani kuti ubve wangobata chiteshi chebasa kuti utarise kuvimbika kwekubatana.
3. Oiri Leak: Unogona kuwana madonhwe madiki emafuta munzvimbo dzine mabhengi uye zvisimbiso.
4. Squeaks - inogona kuoneka panguva yaunodzvanya accelerator pedal. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, squeaks inogona kusanganiswa nekukundikana kwehinge. Nekuonekwa kwekuora, michinjikwa inogona kunamatira uye kukuvadza mabheya.
5. Kusashanda zvakanaka kweiyo inofambiswa inotakura - unogona kuona dambudziko nehunhu creak munzvimbo yechikamu chinofamba cheshaft. Panguva yekushanda kwakajairika, iyo michina haifanirwe kuita chero ruzha, mafambiro ese ari nyore. Kana mutswe ukanzwika, kubereka kungangove kusina kurongeka. Dambudziko rinogadziriswa chete nekutsiviwa kwakakwana kwechikamu chakaremara.

Muzviitiko zvisingawanzo kukuvara kwemagetsi kune shaft huru inoitika, geometry isiriyo inogona kukonzera kuzunguzika kwakanyanya. Vamwe mhizha vanokurudzira nemaoko kugadzirisa geometry yepombi, asi ichi ndicho chisarudzo chisina kunaka, chinogona kutungamirira kukurumidza kupfeka kwechimiro chose. Mhinduro yakanakisisa ndeyokutsiva zvachose zvinhu zvakakanganiswa.

SHRUS crunches - nzira yekuziva kuti ndeipi, uye chii chekuita?

Mhoro vadikani vedzimotokari! Munhu anofarira motokari anogona kunzi munhu chaiye chete kana aine hanya chaizvo nemamiriro ezvinhu emotokari uye magungano, uye kugogodza kutsva kwega kwega, creak uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvekuputsika kwemotokari zvinomutambudza.

Kutyaira mota kunogona kunzi kugadzika chete kana zvese zviri muhurongwa hwekushanda zvakanaka.

Nekudaro, chikamu chega chega, kunyanya kushanda pasi pemutoro uye nekupokana senge CV yakabatana, ine hupenyu hwayo hwekushanda.

Nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare, zvinhu zvinopera, zvinorasikirwa nezvinhu zvayo, izvo zvinotungamirira kukukundikana kwechikamu. Ichi ndicho chinangwa. Uye "chirevo" chekuputsika kuri kuuya kwechikamu chacho pachako kunofanira kutorwa zvakanyanya. Zviri nani kuti usamirira kuti motokari imire parwendo rurefu, asi kuti utange pakarepo kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa matambudziko.

Varidzi vemotokari dzemberi-mavhiri vanojairana nechinhu chisingafadzi chakadai sekuti CV joint squeak. Tichifunga kuti kumiswa kwemberi kwemota, mukuwedzera kumabasa ayo makuru, kunofanirwawo kuve nechokwadi chekufambisa kwekutenderera kubva kune akasiyana magiya kuenda kumavhiri ekutyaira, ine yakasarudzika michina - CV majoini, ayo anonzwika muchidimbu se "CV joint. ".

Iyi tsanangudzo yakakosha uye yakaoma mukugadzira, saka inodhura uye inoda kuwedzera kutariswa. Kana iyo CV yakabatana creaks, saka pasina kunetseka zvakakosha kugadzirisa motokari uye kuishandura.

Sei SHRUS iri kuputika?

Vatyairi vane ruzivo vanogona kuona nzvimbo yekuparara kwemotokari nenzeve. Unyanzvi hwakadaro hunowanikwa nekufamba kwenguva, asi chidimbu cheGC hachigoni kuvhiringidzika.

Kuti tinzwisise chimiro cheiyi ruzha rwemhando, tinofanira kurangarira kuti CV yemubatanidzwa inoshanda sei. Basa remubatanidzwa weCV ndere kuendesa kutenderera kubva kune imwe axle kuenda kune imwe, zvichienderana nekuchinja kunoenderera mukona pakati pavo.

Iyi pfuma imhaka yekuda kwete chete kutenderedza vhiri redhiraivha, asi zvakare kupa iyo kugona kutenderera uye kufamba kumusoro nekudzika pachitubu.

Iyo CV yakabatanidzwa ine zvinotevera zvakakosha zvinhu:

• muviri wekunze wakaita sendiro ine mitsetse mitanhatu mukati uye semi-axis kunze;
• mukati memukati muchimiro chechibhakera che spherical, pamwe chete nematanho matanhatu uye splined hafu shaft connection;
• pane mabhora matanhatu pakati pemadziro emukati memudziyo nekeji iri museparator.

Zvese zvinhu zvinogadzirwa zvine hunyanzvi zvekuti hazvina kana backlash panguva yekuungana. Iyo clip kuburikidza nemabhora inotamisa simba kumuviri uye ichitenderedza, uye kufamba kwemabhora ari padhuze nema grooves kunokubvumira kuti uchinje kona pakati pe semiax.

Nokufamba kwenguva, basa rinoumbwa panzvimbo yekubatana kwebhora nezvimwe zvinhu, maitiro anooneka. Kufamba kwemahara kwemabhora (kukunguruka) kunogadzira ruzha rwakafanana nekupwanya.

Tichifunga kuti majoini maviri eCV akaiswa pavhiri rimwe nerimwe, kana zviratidzo zvinotyisa zvinoonekwa, zvinova zvakaoma kunzwisisa kuti ndeipi CV yakabatana creaks: mukati kana kunze, kurudyi kana kuruboshwe.

Mhando dzemajoini akataurwa

Kune marudzi akawanda ezvishwe. Kurongeka kweichi mekiniki chinhu chinogona kuitwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwezvakasanganiswa zvimiro zvinhu:

• Simple. Batanidza chinhu chimwe kana zviviri.
• Zvakaoma. Sanganisa zvinhu zvitatu kana kupfuura.

Mukuwedzera, hinges inogona kufambisa uye kugadziriswa:

• Refurbished. Nzvimbo yekubatanidza yakagadziriswa. Tsvimbo inotenderera neaxis.
• Vadivelu Comedy Mobile. Zvose ekisi uye nzvimbo yekubatanidza inotenderera.

Asi kupatsanurwa kukuru kwezvinhu izvi zvemakanika kuri munzira idzo zvinhu zvemukati zvinofamba. Iyi kupatsanurwa inovapatsanura kuita hinges:

• Cylindrical. Kufamba kwezvinhu zviviri kunoitika maererano neaxis yakafanana.
• Bhora. Movement inoitika pane imwe pfungwa.
• Cardan. Nzira yakaoma yakadaro inosanganisira zvinhu zvakawanda. Zvishwe zvinoverengeka zvinoiswa pamuchinjiko wakafanana. Izvo, zvakare, zvakabatana nezvimwe zvinhu zvemashini.
• SHRUS. Iyo yakaoma nzira inobatsira pakufambisa kwekudhonza uye inoita mafambiro ekutenderera.
• Lasted. Kazhinji inoshandiswa mumagadzirirwo emazuva ano. Iine hemispherical design. Hinge zvinhu zvinowanikwa pamakona akasiyana. Kufambiswa kwe torque kunoitika nekuda kwe deformation ye link. Kuti uite izvi, inogadzirwa nerabha yakasimba. Chinhu chine kuvhundutsa-kunotora zvimiro zvinokutendera kuti ushande neyakaomesesa dhizaini.

Kutarisa mamiriro eiyo propeller shaft

Zvakakosha kutarisa cardan mumatambudziko anotevera:

• yekuwedzera ruzha inoonekwa panguva yekuwedzeredza;
• pakange pabuda mafuta pedyo nenzvimbo yekuongorora;
• kugogodza inzwi paunenge uchichinja magiya
• nekumhanya kwakawanda kudengenyeka kunopfuudzwa kune bodywork.

Diagnostics inofanira kuitwa nekusimudza mota pakusimudza kana kushandisa jacks (kuti uwane ruzivo rwekuti ungasarudza sei shanduko yaunoda, ona chinyorwa chakasiyana). Zvakakosha kuti mavhiri ekutyaira akasununguka kutenderera.

Heano ma node ekutarisa.

• Kugadzirisa. Kubatana pakati pekutsigirwa kwepakati uye flange kunofanira kusimbiswa nescrew ine lock washer. Zvikasadaro, nati inosunungura, zvichikonzera kutamba kwakanyanya uye kudedera.
• Elastic coupling. Kazhinji inokundikana, sezvo chikamu cherabha chinotsiva axial, radial uye angular displacements yezvikamu zvinobatanidzwa. Iwe unogona kutarisa kusashanda nekushandura zvishoma nezvishoma shaft yepakati (munzira yekutenderera uye zvakasiyana). Rubber chikamu chekubatanidza hachifanirwe kuputswa; hapafanirwe kunge paine yekutamba panzvimbo inosungirirwa mabhoti.
• Yakawedzerwa forogo Yemahara lateral kufamba mugungano iri kunoitika nekuda kwekupfeka kwechisikigo kweiyo spline yekubatanidza. Kana iwe ukaedza kushandura shaft nekubatanidza kune rumwe rutivi, uye pane zvishoma kutamba pakati peforogo uye shaft, ipapo iyi gungano inofanira kuchinjwa.
• Nzira yakafanana inoitwa nezvishwe. A screwdriver yakakura inopinzwa pakati peprotrusions yeforogo. Inotamba chireverero chavanoedza kushandura axis mune imwe nzira kana imwe. Kana kutamba kuchionekwa panguva yekuzununguka, spider inofanira kuchinjwa.
• Suspension bearing. Kushanda kwayo kunogona kutariswa nekubata shaft pamberi neruoko rumwe uye kumashure neimwe uye nekuizunza munzira dzakasiyana. Muchiitiko ichi, kutsigirwa kwepakati kunofanira kusimbiswa zvakasimba. Kana kutamba kuchionekwa mukutakura, saka dambudziko rinogadziriswa nekuritsiva.
• Balance. Kuitwa kana diagnostics isina kuratidza chero malfunctions. Iyi nzira inoitwa pachigadziko chakakosha.

Tarisiro yekuvandudzwa kweiyo cardan transmission system

Iyo yemhando yepamusoro SHNUS ine zvimwe zvakashata zvetekinoroji. Kumhanya kwekutenderera kwematemo ayo kunoshanduka mukufamba. Muchiitiko ichi, shaft inotyairwa inogona kukurumidza uye kuderera nekumhanya kwakagadzikana kweiyo shaft yekutyaira. Izvi zvinotungamira kukurumidza kupfeka kwemeshini, uye zvakare inogadzira imwezve mutoro pane yekumashure axle. Mukuwedzera, kushanda kwehinge kunoperekedzwa nekudengenyeka. Chinangwa cheiyo driveline chinogona kuitwa nebhiriji rakashongedzerwa neCV majoini (kumberi nekumashure). Masisitimu akafanana atove kushandiswa mune mamwe maSUV nhasi. Uyewo, mubatanidzwa weCV unogona kugadzirirwa nekadhi kubva kumotokari yeVAZ-2107 uye mamwe "classics". Kugadzirisa kits dziripo kutengeswa.

Iko kushandiswa kweiyo CV yejoint inobvumidza iwe kubvisa zvikanganiso zvirimo mumuchinjiko wekirasi. Iyo shaft kutenderera kumhanya yakaenzana, iyo vibration inonyangarika, iyo CV haidi kuyera mushure mekugadzirisa, iyo torque yekufambisa angle inowedzerwa kusvika 17.

Swivel inoshanda papi?

Chiyero chezvivakwa zvakadaro zvinoenderana nerudzi rwavo. Mukuita, kushandiswa kweimwe kana imwe hinge kunoenderana nehuwandu hwerusununguko (nhamba yezvimiririra parameters). Complex mhando masisitimu ane matatu akadai paramita ekutenderera uye matatu ekufambisa. Iyo yakakwirira iyi hinge kukosha, iyo yakawanda sarudzo dzauinayo mukushandisa.

Nyore cylindrical hinges yakajairika muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Iyi mhando yekubatanidza yezvimiro zvemukati ndeye chigero, pliers, mixers, uye mamwe magonhi ataurwa pamusoro anewo chinhu ichi mukugadzira kwavo.

Iyo bhora rekubatanidza rinomiririrwa zvakanaka muindasitiri yemotokari uye dzimwe nzvimbo pazvinofanirwa kuendesa simba kubva kune imwe shaft kuenda kune akasiyana zvidimbu zvemidziyo.

Cardan shafts ine chiyero chakafanana nekugadzirwa kwekare. Iwo anoshandiswa kana zvichidikanwa kutamisa masimba pakati pezvinhu zvinoumba kona neimwe neimwe.

Majoini eCV chikamu chakakosha chemota dzemberi-mavhiri.

Mafuta ekuzora anoshandiswa kutenderera majoini

• Lithium yakavakirwa. Kuvimbika gobvu magirisi ane yakakwirira retention unhu. Deredza mutoro pane nodal connections kusvika kagumi. Iyo inobvisa guruva uye inowirirana neinenge yese resin shangu zvinhu. Izvo zvakaderera ndezvekuti ivo vane hurombo hwekudzivirira ngura uye vanozorwisa mamwe mapurasitiki.
• Kubva pane molybdenum disulfide. Mafuta ekuzora ane hupenyu hurefu hwesevhisi anosvika zana rezviuru zvemakiromita. Yakanakisa lubricating uye anti-corrosion zvivakwa. Haiparadzi epurasitiki. Chakashata ndechekuti kana mwando ukapinda murubricant inorasikirwa nehunhu hwayo.
• Barium yakavakirwa. Mafuta akanaka ane mabhenefiti e lithium molybdenum disulphide. Havatyiwo kunyorova. Izvo zvisingabatsiri ndezvokuparadzwa pakudzika kwakadzika uye mutengo wepamusoro.

Annex b (reference) kuverenga kweiyo cardan shaft kusaenzana

Appendikisi B (inozivisa)

Uye zvimwe zvinonakidza: mapikicha enhoroondo yemotokari UAZ-469

B.1 Kusaenzana kwekadhini shaft kunoenderana nehuwandu hwayo, kutamba kwemahinji uye nzira yekushandura urefu.

B.2 Unbalance D, g cm, muchikamu chemuchinjiko wetsigiro yekufambisa inoverengerwa nemafomula: - kune shaft isina michina yekushandura kureba.

(B.1)

- kune shaft ine michina yekushandura urefu

(B.2) uko m ndiko kuwanda kwekadhini shaft parutsigiro, g; e ndiko kubviswa kwese kweshaft axis, nekuda kweaxial clearances muhinge pakati pemigumo yemuchinjiko uye pasi pemabhengi uye neradial clearance mucrosshead-crosshead connection, cm; e ndiko kusuduruka kweakisi yeakisi nekuda kwezvikwambo mugadziriro yekushandura kureba, masendimita Uremu m unotarwa nekuyera zvikero zvakaiswa pasi pechitsigiro chega chega cheakisi yakachinjika. Kutamiswa kwese kwe e-axis, cm, inoverengerwa neformula (B.3)

apo H ndiyo axial clearance muhinge pakati pemagumo emuchinjikwa uye pasi pemabhengi, cm;

D ndiyo dhayamita yemukati yekubereka pamwe netsono, cm; D ndiyo dhayamita yehuro yakachinjika, cm Axis offset e, cm, yejoint inofambiswa spline yakatarisana nedhayamita yekunze kana yemukati, e inoverengerwa neformula.

(B.4) apo D ndiyo dhayamita yeburi rakatsvetwa reruoko, cm; D ndiyo dhayamita ye splined shaft, ona Cherechedza: ye cardan shaft isina nzira yekuchinja urefu, e=0. Iyo shoma kana yakanyanya kusaenzana D inoverengerwa ichifunga nezve kushivirira munda weiyo cardan shaft coupling elements.

Cardan: sei ichidiwa?

Saka, ndeapi matambudziko anogona kumuka kana isu tichida kuendesa torque kubva muinjini kuenda kumavhiri? Pakutanga kuona, basa racho rakareruka, asi ngatitarisei zvakanyanya. Ichokwadi ndechokuti, kusiyana nejini uye gearbox, mavhiri, pamwe chete nekumiswa, ane imwe nzira yekufamba, zvinoreva kuti hazvibviri kungobatanidza node idzi. Mainjiniya vakagadzirisa dambudziko iri nekutapurirana.

Iyo inokutendera iwe kuendesa kutenderera kubva kune imwe node kuenda kune imwe, iri pamakona akasiyana, pamwe nekuyeresa kutenderera kwavo kwese kutenderera pasina kukanganisa simba rinopfuudzwa. Ichi ndicho chinangwa chekufambisa.

Chinhu chakakosha cheiyo mechanic ndiyo inonzi yakabatana yepasirese, inova ndiyo yakanyanyisa hunyanzvi mhinduro inobvumidza iwe neni kunakidzwa nerwendo rwemotokari.

Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti makadhi anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuchina. Chaizvoizvo, hongu, ivo vanogona kuwanikwa mukutapurirana, asi nekuwedzera, rudzi urwu rwekutapurirana rwakabatana neinotungamira system.