Cipher nebakatwa

Sezvinoita nenyaya dzakawanda dzine chekuita nesainzi uye tekinoroji yemazuva ano, vezvenhau uye nhaurirano dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoratidza zvakanyanya kuipa kwekuvandudzwa kweInternet, kusanganisira iyo Internet yezvinhu, sekupindirwa kwekuvanzika. Zvichakadaro, isu takaderera uye tisina njodzi. Nekuda kwekuwanda kwehunyanzvi hwakakodzera, tine zvishandiso zvekuchengetedza zvakavanzika izvo vetizens vasina kana kumborota nezvazvo.

Kufambiswa kweInternet, senge traffic traffic, kwagara kwave kubatwa nemasevhisi akasiyana siyana nematsotsi. Hapana chitsva mune izvi. Izvo zvakare zvave zvichizivikanwa kwenguva refu kuti iwe unogona kuomesa zvakanyanya basa re "vanhu vakaipa" nekunyorera kutaurirana kwako. Musiyano uripo pakati pechinyakare neazvino ndewekuti nhasi encryption iri nyore uye inowanikwa nyore kunyange kune yakaderera tekinoroji.

Chiratidzo chakaiswa kune smartphone

Parizvino, isu tine maturusi akadai sefoni application yatiinayo. chiratidzoiyo inokutendera kuti utaure uye kutumira mameseji eSMS nenzira yakachengeteka uye yakavanzika. Hapana mumwe kunze kwemugamuchiri achakwanisa kunzwisisa zvinorehwa nezwi rekufona kana meseji. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti Signal iri nyore kushandisa uye inogona kushandiswa pane ese ari maviri iPhone uye Android zvishandiso. pane application yakafanana Muranda.

Nzira dzakadai se VPN kana Torizvo zvinotitendera kuvanza basa redu repamhepo. Zvishandiso zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kushandisa aya mateki anogona kutora nguva yakareba kurodha, kunyangwe panharembozha.

Zvirimo zveemail zvinogona kuchengetedzwa zvakabudirira uchishandisa encryption kana nekuchinja kune email sevhisi senge ProtonMail, nyarara tsamba Kana Tutanota. Zviri mukati mebhokisi retsamba zvakavharwa nenzira yekuti vanyori havagone kufambisa makiyi ekudhipjera. Kana iwe uri kushandisa akajairwa Gmail inboxes, unogona encrypt zvakatumirwa zvemukati uchishandisa Chrome yekuwedzera inonzi ChengetedzaGmail.

Isu tinogona kudzivirira kupenengura trackers nekushandisa veruzhinji maturusi i.e. mapurogiramu akadai usandironda, AdNauseam, TrackMeNot, Ghostery etc. Ngatitarisei kuti chirongwa chakadaro chinoshanda sei uchishandisa Ghostery browser yekuwedzera semuenzaniso. Inovhara basa remhando dzese dzeadd-ons, zvinyorwa zvinoteedzera basa redu, uye plugins inobvumira kushandiswa kwemasocial network kana makomendi (ayo anonzi matracker). Saka, mushure mekubatidza Ghostery nekusarudza sarudzo yekuvharisa ese ma-add-ons mudhatabhesi, hatichaoni ad network zvinyorwa, Google Analytics, Twitter mabhatani, Facebook, uye nevamwe vazhinji.

Makiyi patafura

Patova neakawanda makriptographic masisitimu anopa mukana uyu. Iwo anoshandiswa nemakambani, mabhangi uye vanhuwo zvavo. Ngatitarisei kune vanonyanya kufarirwa navo.

OF () yakagadziriswa mu70s kuIBM sechikamu chemakwikwi ekugadzira iyo inoshanda cryptosystem yehurumende yeUS. Iyo DES algorithm yakavakirwa pane 56-bit yakavanzika kiyi inoshandiswa encode 64-bit zvidhinha zvedata. Kuvhiya kunoitika mumatanho akati wandei kana akati wandei, panguva iyo chinyorwa chemeseji chinodzokororwa kushandurwa. Sezvinoita chero nzira yecryptographic inoshandisa kiyi yakavanzika, kiyi inofanirwa kuzivikanwa kune vese vanotumira uye vanogamuchira. Sezvo meseji yega yega ichisarudzwa kubva pakati pe72 quadrillion inogona meseji, mameseji akavharidzirwa neDES algorithm akaonekwa seasingaputsike kwenguva yakareba.

Imwe mhinduro inozivikanwa ndeye AES (), anonziwo Rijndaeliyo inoita gumi (10-bit kiyi), 128 (12-bit kiyi), kana 192 (14-bit kiyi) kupuruzira marounds. Iwo anosanganisira pre-kutsiva, matrix permutation (mutsara musanganiswa, makoramu musanganiswa) uye kiyi shanduko.

Iyo PGP yeruzhinji kiyi chirongwa chakagadzirwa muna 1991 naPhilip Zimmermann uye yakagadziridzwa nerubatsiro rwenharaunda yepasirese yevagadziri. Iyi purojekiti yaive budiriro - kekutanga mugariwo zvake akapiwa chishandiso chekudzivirira zvakavanzika, izvo kunyangwe zvakashongedzerwa zvakanyanya masevhisi zvakaramba zvisingabatsiri. Chirongwa chePGP chaimhanya paUnix, DOS, uye mamwe akawanda mapuratifomu uye yaiwanikwa mahara nekodhi kodhi.

Chiratidzo chakaiswa kune smartphone

Nhasi, PGP inobvumira kwete kungovharira maemail kuti asaonekwe, asiwo kusaina (kusaina) maemail akavharidzirwa kana asina kunyorwa nenzira inobvumira mugamuchiri kuti aone kana meseji yacho ichinyatsobva kune anotumira uye kuti zvirimo yakashandurwa nevechitatu mapato mushure mekusaina. Kunyanya kukosha kubva pakuona kwemushandisi weemail inyaya yekuti nzira dzekuvharira dzakavakirwa paruzhinji kiyi nzira haidi kutapurirana kwekiyi yekuvharidzira / decryption pane yakachengeteka (kureva, yakavanzika) chiteshi. Nekuda kweizvi, uchishandisa PGP, vanhu avo e-mail (isina-yakavanzika chiteshi) ndiyo yega nzira yekuonana inogona kuenderana.

GPG Kana GnuPG (- GNU Privacy Guard) inzvimbo yemahara yePGP cryptographic software. GPG encrypts meseji ine asymmetric kiyi mapeya akagadzirirwa vashandisi vega. Makiyi eruzhinji anogona kuchinjana nenzira dzakasiyana, sekushandisa makiyi maseva paInternet. Dzinofanira kutsiviwa nokungwarira kudzivirira njodzi yevanhu vasina kubvumirwa vanonyepedzera kuvatumira.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kunzwisiswa kuti ese maWindows makomputa nemichina yeApple inopa fekitori-set data encryption zvichibva pane encryption mhinduro. Unongofanira kuvagonesa. Mhinduro inozivikanwa yeWindows inonzi Bitlocker (inoshanda neVista) inovharidzira chikamu chega chega chechikamu uchishandisa AES algorithm (128 kana 256 bits). Encryption uye decryption inoitika padanho rakaderera, zvichiita kuti mashandiro acho asaonekwe kune sisitimu uye maapplication. Iwo cryptographic algorithms anoshandiswa muBitLocker ane FIPS certified. Zvakafanana, kunyangwe zvisingashande zvakafanana, mhinduro yeMacs FileVault.

Nekudaro, kune vanhu vazhinji, system encryption haina kukwana. Vanoda sarudzo dzakanakisa, uye kune dzakawanda dzadzo. Muenzaniso ungave chirongwa chemahara TrueCryptpasina mubvunzo ndeimwe yeakanakisa maapuro ekuchengetedza data rako kuti rirege kuverengwa nevanhu vasina mvumo. Chirongwa ichi chinodzivirira mameseji nekudzinyorera neimwe yeatatu aripo algorithms (AES, Serpent uye Twofish) kana kunyange kutevedzana kwavo.

Usaita katatu

Kutyisidzira kuvanzika kwemushandisi we-smartphone (pamwe ne "sero" yakajairwa) inotanga kana chishandiso chavhurwa uye chakanyoreswa mune network yeanoshanda. (izvo zvinosanganisira kuburitsa IMEI nhamba inoratidza kopi iyi uye IMSI nhamba inozivisa SIM kadhi). Izvi chete zvinokutendera kuti uteedzere michina nekurongeka kukuru. Nokuda kweizvi tinoshandisa classic nzira ye triangulation uchishandisa nharembozha dziri pedyo. Iko kuunganidzwa kukuru kwedata rakadaro kunovhura nzira yekushandiswa kwemaitiro ekutsvaga anonakidza mapatani mavari.

Iyo GPS data yemudziyo inowanikwa kune inoshanda sisitimu, uye maapplication ari mairi - kwete ane hutsinye chete - anogona kuaverenga uye kuita kuti awanikwe kune vechitatu mapato. Izvo zvigadziriso zvinogara pazvishandiso zvakawanda zvinobvumira iyi data kuti iburitswe kune masisitimu emepu maapplication ayo vashandisi (seGoogle) vanounganidza zvese mumadhatabhesi avo.

Kunyangwe njodzi dzekuvanzika dzine chekuita nekushandiswa kwemafoni efoni, zvichiri kugona kudzikisa njodzi. Zvirongwa zviripo zvinokutendera kuti uchinje IMEI neMAC nhamba dzemidziyo. Iwe unogonawo kuzviita nenzira dzenyama "akanyangarika", kureva kuti, yakava isingaonekwi zvachose kune anoshanda. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, maturusi akaonekwa zvakare anotitendera kuona kana isu dzimwe nguva tiri kurwisa fake base station.

Private virtual network

Yekutanga uye yekutanga mutsara wekudzivirira kune kuvanzika kwemushandisi ndeye yakachengeteka uye isingazivikanwe yekubatanidza kuInternet. Maitiro ekuchengetedza zvakavanzika online uye kudzima zviteshi zvakasiiwa?

Yekutanga yezvisarudzo zviripo ndeye VPN kwenguva pfupi. Mhinduro iyi inonyanya kushandiswa nemakambani anoda kuti vashandi vavo vabatane kune yavo yemukati network kuburikidza nekubatana kwakachengeteka, kunyanya kana vari kure nehofisi. Kuvanzika kwenetiweki mune yeVPN kunovimbiswa nekuvharidzira kubatana uye kugadzira yakakosha chaiyo "tunnel" mukati meInternet. Zvirongwa zveVPN zvakakurumbira zvinobhadharwa USAIP, Hotspot, Shield kana OpenVPN yemahara.

Kugadziriswa kweVPN hakusi nyore, asi mhinduro iyi ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushanda mukuchengetedza zvakavanzika zvedu. Kuti uwedzere kuchengetedzwa kwedata, unogona kushandisa VPN pamwe neTor. Zvisinei, izvi zvine zvipingamupinyi zvayo uye mari, sezvo yakabatana nekurasikirwa mukumhanya kwekubatanidza.

Tichitaura nezveTor network… Chidimbu ichi chinokura se , uye chinongedzo chehanyanisi chinoreva kurongeka kwenetiweki iyi. Izvi zvinodzivirira network yedu traffic kuti isaongororwa uye nekudaro inopa vashandisi mukana usingazivikanwe weInternet zviwanikwa. Senge Freenet, GNUnet, uye MUTE network, Tor inogona kushandiswa kunzvenga zvirimo kusefa nzira, censorship, uye zvimwe zvirambidzo zvekutaurirana. Inoshandisa cryptography, yakawanda-level encryption yeanotumirwa meseji uye nekudaro inova nechokwadi chakazara chakavanzika chekutapurirana pakati pemarouter. Mushandisi anofanira kuimhanyisa pakombuta yake proxy server. Mukati metiweki, traffic inotumirwa pakati pemarouter, uye software nguva nenguva inogadzika dunhu chairo paTor network, yozopedzisira yasvika painobuda node, kubva iyo iyo isina kunyorwa pakiti inotumirwa kwairi kuenda.

PaInternet pasina tsvakiridzo

Paunenge uchitsvaga mawebhusaiti mune yakajairwa webhu browser, isu tinosiya maronda ezvizhinji zvezviito zvakatorwa. Kunyangwe mushure mekutangazve, chishandiso chinochengetedza uye kuendesa ruzivo senge nhoroondo yekubhurawuza, mafaera, logins, uye kunyange mapassword. Unogona kushandisa sarudzo kudzivirira izvi private mode, yava kuwanikwa mumabhurawuza mazhinji. Kushandiswa kwayo kunoitirwa kudzivirira kuunganidzwa uye kuchengetedza ruzivo nezvezviitwa zvemushandisi pane network. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kushanda mune iyi modhi, isu hatizove tisingaonekwe zvachose uye hatizozvidzivirire zvachose kubva pakutevera.

Imwe pamberi yakakosha yekudzivirira ndeye kushandisa https. Tinogona kumanikidza kufambiswa kwedata pamusoro pekubatanidza kwakavharidzirwa tichishandisa zvishandiso zvakaita seFirefox add-on uye Chrome HTTPS Kwese. Nekudaro, mamiriro ekuti meshini ishande ndeyekuti webhusaiti yatinobatanidza nayo inopa kubatana kwakachengeteka kwakadaro. Mawebhusaiti ane mukurumbira seFacebook neWikipedia ari kutoita izvi. Pamusoro pekuvharidzira pachayo, kushandiswa kweHTTPS Kwese kwese kunodzivirira zvakanyanya kurwiswa kunosanganisira kubvuta nekugadzirisa mameseji anotumirwa pakati pemapato maviri ivo vasingazive.

Imwe mutsara wekudzivirira kubva pakuona maziso web browser. Isu takataura anti-tracking kuwedzera kwavari. Nekudaro, imwe yakanyanyisa mhinduro ndeyekuchinja kune yemuno browser imwe nzira kuChrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, Safari, uye Opera. Kune dzakawanda dzimwe nzira dzakadai, semuenzaniso: Avira Scout, Brave, Cocoon kana Epic Privacy Browser.

Ani nani asingadi kuti masangano ekunze aunganidze zvatinopinza mubhokisi rekutsvaga uye anoda kuti mibairo irambe "isina kusefa" anofanira kufunga nezveGoogle imwe nzira. Zviri, semuenzaniso, nezve. DuckDuckGo, ndiko kuti, injini yekutsvaga isingaunganidzi chero ruzivo pamusoro pemushandisi uye haigadziri chimiro chemushandisi kubva pairi, ichikubvumira kusefa zvakaratidzwa. DuckDuckGo inoratidza munhu wese-zvisinei nenzvimbo kana chiitiko chapfuura-iyo yakafanana seti yezvinongedzo, yakarongedzerwa mutsara chaiwo.

Imwe pfungwa ixquick.com - vagadziri vayo vanoti basa ravo rinoramba riri iro chete injini yekutsvaga iyo isingarekodze iyo mushandisi IP nhamba.

Icho chaicho chaicho chezvinoitwa neGoogle neFacebook ndiko kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwedata redu. Mawebhusaiti ese ari maviri, ari kutonga Internet parizvino, anokurudzira vashandisi kuti vavape ruzivo rwakawanda sezvinobvira. Ichi ndicho chigadzirwa chavo chikuru, chavanotengesa kuvashambadziri nenzira dzakawanda. maitiro ehunhu. Kutenda kwavari, vatengesi vanogona kugadzirisa ads kune zvatinofarira.

Vanhu vazhinji vanonzwisisa izvi zvakanyanya, asi havana nguva yakakwana uye simba rekusiyana nekuongororwa nguva dzose. Haasi munhu wese anoziva kuti zvese izvi zvinogona kuzununguswa zviri nyore kubva pane saiti inopa ipapo kudzima account pane akawanda maportal (kusanganisira). Chinhu chinonakidza cheJDM ndechekuti generator yekuzivikanwa kwenhema - inobatsira kune chero munhu asingadi kunyoresa ne data chaiyo uye asina ruzivo nezve fake bio. Kudzvanya kumwe chete kunokwana kuti uwane zita idzva, surname, zuva rekuzvarwa, kero, login, password, pamwe netsanangudzo pfupi inogona kuiswa mu "pamusoro pangu" furemu pane yakagadzirwa account.

Sezvaunogona kuona, munyaya iyi, Indaneti inonyatsogadzirisa matambudziko atingadai tisina nayo. Nekudaro, pane chinhu chakanaka kuhondo iyi yekuvanzika uye kutya kwakabatana nazvo. Kuziva kwekuvanzika uye kukosha kwekuidzivirira kunoramba kuchikura. Tichifunga nezvambotaurwa tekinoroji arsenal, isu tinokwanisa (uye kana tichida) zvinobudirira kumisa kupindira kwe "vanhu vakaipa" muhupenyu hwedu hwedhijitari.