Matai. Kubva muna Chivabvu 1, 2021 zvinyorwa zvitsva. Vanorevei?

Kubva muna Chivabvu 1, 2021, zvitsva zvinodiwa zveEurope zvemavara uye maki pamatayi zvichatanga kushanda. Matayi ebhazi nemarori achavewo pasi pemitemo mitsva.

Matayi haachashandiswi mumakirasi eF uye G nekuda kwekupoterera kwekupoterera uye kunyorova, saka chiyero chitsva chinongosanganisira makirasi mashanu (A kusvika E). Zviratidzo zvesimba zvitsva zviri nani zvinoratidza kuti hupfumi hwemafuta hunoshanda kune ese ICE nemotokari dzemagetsi. Pazasi, kirasi yeruzha inogara ichiratidzwa nekukosha kweyero yekunze kweruzha muma decibel. Zvinoenderana nemirairo mitsva, kuwedzera kune yakajairwa label, pachava nebheji rekubata mumigwagwa ine chando uye / kana mumamiriro akaoma echando. Izvi zvinopa vatengi huwandu hwe5 label sarudzo.

-Iyo Energy Efficiency Label inopa yakajeka uye inogashirwa kupatsanurwa kwekuita kwetai maererano nekutenderedza kuramba, kunyorova braking uye ambient ruzha. Vanozobatsira vatengi kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo kana vachitenga matai, sezvo zviri nyore kutonga nematanho matatu. Aya angori akasarudzwa paramita, imwe yega yega maererano nekushanda kwesimba, braking kure uye kunyaradza. Mutyairi anongwarira pakutenga matayi anofanirawo kutarisa bvunzo dzematayi dzakafanana kana kuti dzakanyanya kufanana neuyo waanenge achitsvaga paachaenzanisa.

uyewo, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu: mabhureki madaro mumigwagwa yakaoma uye pachando (munyaya yechando kana yose-mwaka matai), cornering grip uye hydroplaning kuramba. Usati watenga, zvakakosha kutaura kune nyanzvi yebasa mune yehunyanzvi sevhisi yematayi, anodaro Piotr Sarnecki, CEO wePolish Tire Industry Association (PZPO).

Onawo: Tsaona kana kubonderana. Nzira yekuzvibata sei mumugwagwa?

Iyo nyowani nyowani ine zvikamu zvitatu zvakafanana sepakutanga: kunyatsoshanda kwemafuta, kunyorova kwekubata uye ruzha. Nekudaro, mabheji eiyo wet grip uye makirasi ekushanda kwemafuta akachinjwa kuti afanane nemavara emidziyo yemumba. Makirasi asina chinhu akabviswa uye chikero chakanyorwa A kusvika kuE. Mukuwedzera, kirasi yedecibel-inotsamira ruzha inopiwa nenzira itsva, vachishandisa mavara A kusvika C.

Iyo nyowani nyowani inosanganisira mamwe mapikicha ekuzivisa nezve yakawedzera kubata matayi pachando uye/kana chando (chinyorwa: pikicha ine chekuita nechando grip inoshanda chete kumatayi emotokari yevafambi). Vanoratidza kuti tai inogona kushandiswa mune mamwe mamiriro echando. Iwo mavara anogona kunge asina mamark, zvichienderana nemhando yetayi, chete sinou grip, ice grip chete, kana zvese zviri zviviri.

- Chiratidzo chekubata pachando chega chinoreva vhiri rakagadzirirwa misika yeScandinavian neFinnish, ine rubber compound kunyange yakapfava kupfuura inowanzoita matai echando, yakagadziridzwa kune kutonhora kwakanyanya uye nguva refu yechando nechando mumigwagwa. Matai akadaro mumigwagwa yakaoma kana yakanyorova pane tembiricha yakatenderedza 0 madhigirii uye pamusoro (izvo zvinowanzoitika mumatsutso nechando muCentral Europe) zvicharatidza kushoma kubata uye zvakanyanya kureba mabhureki madaro, kuwedzera ruzha uye kushandiswa kwemafuta. Naizvozvo, havagone kutsiva matai enguva yechando uye matai emwaka wese akagadzirirwa nguva yedu yechando,” anodaro Piotr Sarnetsky.

Iyo scannable QR kodhi yakawedzerwa kune zvinyorwa zvitsva - kuti uwane nekukurumidza kuEuropean Product Database (EPREL), uko kudhawunirodha chigadzirwa ruzivo bepa uye matayi label aripo. Hukuru hwetairi rematayi huchawedzerwa kuti ubatanidze matai erori nemabhazi, ayo kusvika parizvino makirasi emavara chete ave kudiwa kuti aratidzwe mukushambadzira uye zvehunyanzvi zvekusimudzira.

Chinangwa cheshanduko ndechekuvandudza kuchengetedzwa, hutano, hupfumi uye kwezvakatipoteredza kushanda zvakanaka kwekufambisa kwemigwagwa nekupa vashandisi vekupedzisira vane chinangwa, chakavimbika uye chinofananidzwa ruzivo nezve matairi, izvo zvinovabvumira kusarudza matai ane yakanyanya kunaka kwemafuta, kuchengetedzwa kwakanyanya mumigwagwa uye kuderera. noise levels.

Mazaya echando uye mazaya echando grip zviratidzo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kumushandisi wekupedzisira kuwana nekutenga matayi akagadzirirwa chaizvo matunhu ane mamiriro echando akaoma seCentral neEastern Europe, nyika dzeNordic kana matunhu ane makomo.

Iyo yakagadziridzwa label inorevawo kushomeka kwemamiriro ekunze. Inotarisira kubatsira mushandisi wekupedzisira kusarudza mamwe matai ehupfumi uye nekudaro kuderedza kuburitswa kwemotokari CO2 munzvimbo. Ruzivo rwemazitanho eruzha ruchabatsira kudzikisa kusvibiswa kweruzha kune traffic. Nokusarudza matairi ekirasi yepamusoro-soro maererano nekushanda kwesimba, kushandiswa kwesimba kuchaderedzwa kusvika ku45 TWh pagore. Izvi zvinoenderana nekuchengetedzwa kwematani anosvika miriyoni gumi nemashanu ehutsi hweCO15 pagore. Ichi chikamu chakakosha kune wese munhu. Nekudaro, izvi zvakatonyanya kukosha kune mota yemagetsi uye PHEV (plug-in hybrid) vatyairi.

Onawo: Electric Fiat 500