Yechipiri Tesla Syndrome.

Flip switch uye tine magetsi! - inotevera kubva kune mamwe mishumo yenhau nezvezvirongwa zvekugadzirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi muPoland, yakaziviswa mumwedzi ichangopfuura. Zvisinei, kunyatsoongorora chokwadi uye nhoroondo yezvakaitika kare inotinyevera pamusoro pekuchenjerera, sezvo zvose zvigadzirwa zvetekinoroji uye guta rinodiwa kuti utange shanduko yemagetsi zviri kushaikwa munyika yedu.

Zvakawanda zviri kuitika munharaunda yezviziviso uye zviziviso. Gurukota rezvemagetsi Krzysztof Czorzewski akazivisa muna Chivabvu 2017 kuti mumavhiki anotevera. Mutemo pane yekutsigira sisitimu yezvirongwa zvine chekuita nekuvandudzwa kwe electromobility muPoland. Chirongwa chekuvandudza mota dzemagetsi, chakapihwa neBazi reMagetsi, chinoratidza kuti panosvika 2025 pachava nemiriyoni yemotokari dzemagetsi mumigwagwa yeVistula.

Padanho rekutanga (kusvika 2018), hurumende inofanirwa kugonesa maPoles nezve zano rayo - ipapo ivo vanozoitwa. pilot mapurogiramu. Zvino, muna 2019-2020, zvivakwa zvekuchaja mota dzemagetsi zvichavakwa munzvimbo dzakasarudzwa uye pamwe neTEN-T (Trans-European Transport Network) paRwizi Vistula. Hurumende inotenda kuti mumaguta makumi mashanu akasarudzwa pachava ne50 2020 vanhu. motokari dzemagetsi. Pakupedzisira, hurumende inofanotaura kuti muchikamu chechitatu (makore 2025-XNUMX), mota dzemagetsi dzichava dzakakurumbira. kurudzira kudiwa zvemota idzi. Sekureva kwehushumiri, iyo Polish energy network ichave yakagadzirira kupa magetsi kumotokari dzemagetsi dzinosvika miriyoni imwe.

Kure neavhareji yeEurope

Zvirongwa zvakawanda nezviziviso. Nhamba chaidzo dziri pano uye ikozvino dzine mwero zvakanyanya. Sekureva kwePolish Association of the Automotive Industry, muna Kubvumbi 2017, mota dzemagetsi makumi mana nenomwe dzakanyoreswa muboka rose remota dzevatakuri, kusanganisira Kana tikatora iyi seavhareji iripo uye tichiwedzera negumi nembiri, tinowana hafu yezviuru zvemotokari dzemagetsi dzakanyoreswa gore rega. Porendi. Kupfuura 47 400 mota dzese dzakanyoreswa kekutanga (2016).

Iko hakuna zviratidzo zvekuvhiya uye isu hatisati tafamba zvakanaka tichienzaniswa neEurope. Sekureva kweEuropean Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA), mota dzinosvika zviuru zana nemakumi mashanu neshanu dzakanyoreswa muEuropean Union muna 2016. motokari dzemagetsi (ECV-) - 155,2% zviri nani pane zvakabuda muna 4,8 (chikamu ichi chinosanganisirawo mahybrids emhando iyi).

Vazhinji (ECV) gore rakapera vakanyoreswa muNorway (44,9 zviuru - muna 2015 paiva 33,7 zviuru), Great Britain (36,9 zviuru - zvichienzaniswa 28,7 zviuru muna 2015.), France (29,1 zviuru - 22,8 zviuru), Germany (25,2 zviuru - 23,5 zviuru), uyewo muNetherlands, uko, zvisinei, kuderera kukuru kwakanyorwa kuenzaniswa ne2015 - 22,8 zviuru zvevanhu vakanyoreswa. vemagetsi vachipesana ne44,4 zviuru zvevanhu. mugore rapfuura.

Maererano neACEA, motokari dzemagetsi dze556 dzeboka reECV dzakanyoreswa muPoland gore rapera, kusanganisira iyo inonzi (BEV), (EREV), (FCEV) uye (PHEV). Kuenzanisa, muna 2015, nhamba yekunyoreswa kwemotokari yeboka reECV muPoland yakasvika kuhuwandu hwe337.

International research agency Navigant Research inofanotaura kuti panosvika 2023, mota dzemagetsi dzichaita 2,4% yechizvarwa chinotevera chekutengesa mota pasi rese. Sezvauri kuona, muPoland chikamu ichi chichiri chakaderera uye chinofanira kukura nekusvetuka uye miganhu kuitira kuti isu tisangobata neavhareji yekufungidzira, asi zvakare kusvika padanho repamusoro, nekuti izvi ndizvo zvirongwa zvedu uye vavariro.

Makambani mana enyika uye makwikwi

Electro-Mobility Poland iri kuita kusimudzira kwe electromobility uye kusimudzira purojekiti yemotokari yemagetsi yePolish. (1) ikambani yakavambwa muna Gumiguru 2016 nemakambani mana: PGE, Tauron, Enea uye Energa. Mumwe nemumwe wavo akatora 25% yeguta rine mvumo, iro riri PLN 10 miriyoni. Iyo kambani inoronga - nerutsigiro rwehurumende yePoland - kugadzira hwaro hwemusika mutsva wepamba uye uve chikamu cheindasitiri yemotokari dzemagetsi pasi rose.

1. ElectroMobility Poland - mufananidzo wesaiti

"Mota diki yemagetsi yemudhorobha yakagadzirwa muPoland uye yakavakirwa pamazano ehunyanzvi echiPolish idambudziko kumusika wemotokari wePoland," akadaro Minister Czorzewski, vachizivisa nezvekutangwa kwekambani iyi. “SeBazi reMagetsi, tinotsigira kuvandudzwa kwemagetsi muPoland, tinogadzira mamiriro evazvinabhizinesi vekuPoland vari kushanda muchikamu ichi kuti vakwanise kukwikwidzana nevaEurope. Ehe, kana mota yakadai ichagadzirwa muPoland inozoyedzwa nemusika. "

Chirongwa chinosanganisirawo kuiswa kwemagetsi pazvifambiso zvevanhu. Inokwenenzverwa nemagadzirirwo ekugadzirisa kuchaja zvivakwa motokari dzemagetsi sezvinotsanangurwa negwaro rebudiriro yenyika.

ElectroMobility Poland yakaziviswa makwikwi ekutanga epolishi yemagetsi mota. Nguva yekupedzisira yekuendesa mapurojekiti yakapera pakati paMay 2017. Takasangana nevakundi munaGunyana 12, uye prototype yemota inofanira kuvakwa gore rinouya. Mukutanga kwaChivabvu naChikumi, varongi vakashuma zvinenge zana, kubva kumakambani madiki uye kubva kumasangano makuru epasi rese nevanhuwo zvavo.

"Tinofara nekufarira kukuru mumakwikwi," mutauriri weElectroMobility Poland, Alexandra Baldis akadaro mukuburitswa kwenhau. "Zvino nhanho yekutanga yebasa rejuri ichaitika, kwatakakoka zviremera zvepasirese mota nevagadziri vakatanhamara. Danho rekutanga nderokuongorora kwakarongeka, kunoteverwa nekusarudzwa kwemapurojekiti uye kusarudzwa kwemabasa gumi nemashanu anofadza ekupedzisira.

Muchiziviso ichi, varongi vanozivisawo kuti imwe neimwe yemapurojekiti akabvumwa kune yekupedzisira ichave pasi pekuongororwa maererano nedhizaini nemakanika, chengetedzo, nyaradzo, chimiro uye hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza, pamwe nekutyaira kuita.

Vatongi vacho vaisanganisira:

• vanhu vesainzi, kureva, prof. hub Chirungu Marcin Schlenzak - Mutungamiriri weAutomotive Institute, prof. doctor eng. mugadziri wezvivakwa Stefan Westrich - kubva kuFaculty of Architecture yeWarsaw University of Technology, Dr. Eng. Andrzej Muszynski - Mutungamiriri weInstitute of Automotive Industry (PIMOT), Dr. Wojciech Wiesolek - Mudzidzisi paTransport Design Studio yeAcademy of Fine Arts muWroclaw, mugadziri wemayachts, motokari, midhudhudhu nemitambo yemavhidhiyo;
• designers, i.e. Oskar Zenta - mukuru weZieta Prozessdesign studio, Wojciech Sokolowski - mugadziri wemotokari, mukuru weSOKKA, kambani inyanzvi mukugadzira maindasitiri nekugadzira mota;
• mutyairi, i.e. Joanna Madej - mutyairi uye mujaho, shasha yekuPoland mota rally, Natalia Kowalska - mutyairi wemota yemujaho, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kutamba muFormula Master uye Formula 2, Tomasz Czopik - ane zita remujaho, Polish mota rally shasha;
• vatori venhau vemotokariavo. Jaroslav Maznas - ane TVN Turbo, mubatsiri wepurogiramu "Automaniak", Rafał Cemielita - ane TVN Turbo, Katarzyna Frendl - mutori wenhau wemotokari uye blogger, munyori wewebsite motocaina.pl;
• а также Anna Dereszowska - theatre uye mutambi wemufirimu, mudiwa wemotokari, Iza Rogulska - nyanzvi yekukurukurirana uye hukama neveruzhinji, Phillips Polska, Marcin Kobylecki - mutungamiriri wekugadzira uye nhengo yebhodhi yePlatige Image, Joanna Kloskowska - director wekushambadzira Ringier Axel Springer Polska, nyanzvi mune brand - kushambadza nekutaurirana.

Makwikwi ekutanga anovhara danho rekuona. Imwe, iyo ichaziviswa munaGunyana ino, ine chekuita neprototyping. Kana sarudzo yaitwa, ElectroMobility Poland inoronga nzira yekubvumidza, diki diki dhizaini kugadzirwa, uyezve tsigiro yekutangisa kugadzirwa kwakawanda.

Basa reElectroMobility Poland nderekugadzira mamiriro emabhizinesi anoratidza kugona mumusika wevagadziri vemotokari dzemagetsi. Iyo kambani inofanirwa kunge iri yega yekutanga pano. (Ngatigarei pane iyi nomenclature, kunyangwe mune "yemagetsi" mamiriro anoita seachinyakare) kuti uwedzere kutyaira uye zvinogoneka kugadzirwa kwemazhinji - ndiko kuti, mari yekudyara kwakakomba - inofanira kubva kune imwe nzvimbo. Saka kupi?

Uyu mubvunzo pamusoro peinopfuura mota imwe yemagetsi yePoland yakamira, kana kuti dhizaini yayo.

Kuenzanisa, heino rondedzero pfupi yekudyara iyo mapurojekiti emagetsi epasirese anogona kuvimba nawo.

China mabhiriyoni

Zvinoenderana nefungidziro dzakasiyana siyana, mari yekudyara pasi rose uye mari yekutanga kugadzira mota dzemagetsi nyowani yakawedzera kubva pamadhora mazana maviri emamiriyoni muna 200 kusvika kumadhora mazana maviri emadhora muna 2013. Mari idzi dziri kukura nekukurumidza. Chinese chete (zvisinei nezita) shasha yenyika (2) Kubva payakavambwa muna 2015, yakagamuchira bhiriyoni remadhora kubva kune vanoisa mari mumabhizimusi. Mota yekutanga yerudzi urwu inofanirwa kuvakwa muna 2018, paine chinangwa che2021 mota panosvika 100. zvikamu zvemotokari

2. Weltmeister zvinoonekwa

Imwe kambani yeChinese yakavambwa muna 2014. NextEVhafu yebhiriyoni yemadhora yakakweretwa kusvika pari zvino. Anotarisira kuvaka rudzi rutsva rwemotokari, yakagadziridzwa kune zvinodiwa nevatengi. Iye zvino agadzira mota yemujaho EP9, inozivikanwa seanomhanya zvikuru munyika motokari yemagetsi.

Makambani achangotanga uye akavanzika eChinese ane shuviro yekukunda musika wemotokari dzemagetsi ari kubuda anogona kuvimba nemazana emamiriyoni nemabhiriyoni kubva kuChinese tech hofori. Semuenzaniso, "Chinese Google" ikambani Baidu - pamwe chete Tencent Holdings Vanotsigira Future Mobility, kambani inoda kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvekutanga. Ndosaka akakwanisa kuwana mainjiniya kubva kuBMW naTesla.

Iyo kambani, yakavambwa muna 2014, yakabatana neChinese capital. Ramangwana reFaraday kubva kuCalifornia anoda kukwikwidza Tesla. Munguva yekuratidzira kukuru kwemagetsi uye matekinoroji matsva - Consumer Electronics Show, inoitwa gore rega rega muLas Vegas - akaratidzira. motokari yemagetsi inozvimiririraiyo inosvika pakumhanya kwe2,39 km / h mumasekonzi 97.

Iyo kambani inodada kuti mota FF91 nekukurumidza kupfuura Muenzaniso S Tesla uye mamwe ese emagetsi mota dzakagadzirwa parizvino (Tesla inokwanisa kusvika kumhanya inosvika 97 km / h mumasekonzi 2,5). Munguva yezvakanaka, kukwanisa kwemotokari kwakaratidzwa, iyo yaifamba-famba panzvimbo yekupaka pasina mutyairi. Vamiririri veFaraday vakatsanangura kuti motokari yavo, inogara ichimhanya inenge 88 km / h, inokwanisa kuvhara chinhambwe che775 km. Inogona zvakare kubhadhariswa neyazvino yemhando dzakasiyana siyana. Mugadziri anoronga kuburitsa mota pamusika muna 2018. Vaverengi vanoda kufanoodha mota vanofanira kugadzirira 5 rubles. dollar advance...

Yakagadzirwa mwedzi mishoma yapfuura Lucid Motors kusvika parizvino awana “chete” $131 miriyoni kubva kune vanoisa mari. Anogadzirira chivakwa Lucy Air (3), inofanirwa kunge iine zvinokatyamadza paramita, zvinosanganisira. 600 hp injini uye simba rekuchengetedza 52,5 km. Inofungidzirwa mutengo XNUMX zviuru. madhora, iyo isiri sarudzo yakashata muchikamu chemotokari yemhando yepamusoro. Mari yacho haichashamisi kana iwe uchifunga nezvemutero wemutero uyo vatengi vemagetsi muUnited States vanogona kutarisira.

Kutenda kuChinese neUS mari yekutanga magetsi, Swedish Yakabatanidzwa, ine $1,42 miriyoni muakaundi inotaridzika zvine mwero. Nekudaro, kupihwa simba reSweden engineering uye kudyidzana ne Siemens, tinogona kutarisira kuti muna 2019 - shure kwezvose, iyo yekutanga yemotokari yavo yekutanga yakarongerwa gore rino - tichaona chigadzirwa chinonakidza.

zvakare mune imwe nyika ine yakakwirira tekinoroji tsika - Switzerland. Akashanda ipapo kubva 2009 classic factoryuyo achangobva kupa motokari Electra (4) yakagadzirirwa kuenzanisa zvigadzirwa zveTesla. Ndizvo zvakaita trolley Pfungwa imwe - yakagadzirwa nekambani yeCroatia Rimac Car, inokwanisa kuita 1224 hp uye kumhanya kwepamusoro kwe350 km/h.

4. Elextra modhi - kuona 49

Mizhinji yemienzaniso yakapihwa kubva kutenderera pasirese inoratidza kuti iwe unowanzo funga nezvekugadzira yepamusoro-yekupedzisira kana zvishoma pamusoro-avhareji mota. Mazano echiPolish emotokari dzemagetsi anowanzova madiki, emaguta, asi zvinosuruvarisa, sezvatichaona, motokari dzomumaguta dzinodhura.

ChiGerman chinopa magetsi echiPolish pasi pemasiki eItaly

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, nhepfenyuro yakazara neruzivo nezve magadzirirwo emumba emotokari dzemagetsi. Zvisinei, havasi nguva dzose vaPolish chete, sezvinoratidzwa nemuenzaniso wekuvaka ESF 01 (5). zvekugadzirwa kwemumba zvakavigwa pano pasi pemuviri wemota yakagadzirwa muTychy ... Fiat 500. Kuseri kwechirongwa ichi kune muzvinabhizinesi wekuGerman Thomas Hayek, purezidhendi weBemotion uye muvambi weBielsko-Biala fekitori yemotokari yemagetsi.

5. FSE 01 (copyright: Bielsko-Biała Electric Vehicle Plant)

Nyanzvi kubva kuBOSMAL automotive research institution yakabatsira kugadzira iyo FSE 01. Iyo vhezheni yakaratidzwa parizvino ndeye yakavandudzwa modhi, iyo muna 2014, semotokari inonzi BOSMAL 500 E, yakaratidzwa paCarTech mota show muMunich (yatove kare Bemotion yakazivisa nezve yake. kutengeswa neBOSMAL).

Kureba kwemotokari kunongopfuura 3,5 metres. Iyo ine matatu-phase synchronous PMSM inogadzirwa neSosnowiec ine simba re45 hp. (yakanyanya torque 120 Nm). Mabhatiri akavanzwa pasi pevhu. Iine huremu hwe1055 kg, mota inofanirwa kumhanyisa kusvika pakakwirira 135 km / h. Pamubhadharo mumwe chete, ichafamba anenge 100 km uye, maererano naHayek, ichaita isingasviki $100. zloty". Mukuenzanisa, kune itsva peturu 50, mugadziri anoda zvakajeka isingasviki XNUMX XNUMX. zloty.

Kuchaja iyo FSE 01 kubva pane yakajairwa garaji socket kunotora anenge maawa matanhatu, nepo uchishandisa 400 V yekuisa magetsi zvinotora maawa matatu chete. Maererano nevamiririri veFSE, vanokwanisa kugadzira motokari dzemagetsi dzinosvika chiuru pagore.

Bemotion pamwe neBOSMAL Automotive Research Institute vakanyorera kuNational Research and Development Center kuti vabatane mari inosvika 4,5 miriyoni yepurojekiti yavo yakabatana yakanzi "Kugadziridzwa kwemotokari yemagetsi inotakura ine smart simba". control system". Izvi zvinoreva kuti muBielsko-Biala, basa riri kuenderera mberi rekugadzira mota mbiri dzakasiyana dzinofambiswa nemagetsi - mota yekutakura yemakambani uye mota yeKowalski.

Parizvino, Fabryka Samochodow Elektrycznych akaisa mari inosvika miriyoni imwe yemaeuro muchirongwa ichi. Kutora chikamu mumakwikwi eElectroMobility Poland akatariswa, asi zvinodiwa zvemakwikwi, zvakaziviswa neEMP, zvinoti mota inofanirwa kufamba kanenge 1 km - mune iyi kesi, ingangoita 150 km.

Iyo kambani inoda kusvika kunyanya vatengi vemasangano - mabhangi, makambani einishuwarenzi, pamwe masangano ehurumende, ane vashandi vanogona kushandisa magetsi semhando dzemotokari dzemuguta.

Iyo chaiyo yePolish dhizaini, hongu, ndeye ELVI. Iri raive zita repfungwa yekutanga yemagetsi yekuunza mota yepamba. Mugadziri ane mukurumbira wematirakita nemichina yekurima Ursus akaunzwa paHannover Fair muna Kubvumbi (6), iyo yakagamuchira nhau huru uye yakabatana nePoland gore rino. Iyo kambani Hipolit Cegielski-Poznań ndiyo ine basa rekutyaira. ELVI ichagadzirwa muLublin.

6. Ursus ELVI paHannover Messe ichangopfuura

Motokari inofanira kurema kusvika matani 3,5. Iyo shoma yekuremedza huwandu ndeye 1100 kg, huwandu hwebhatiri bhatiri huchaja hunenge 150 km, uye yakanyanya kumhanya i100 km / h. Sezvo vamiriri vevagadziri vanovimbisa, ese ma paramita anogona kugadziriswa kune ega ega ega evashandisi venguva yemberi. Kureba kwemotokari kunenge kuri 2 m, kuitira kuti ipinde nyore nyore, semuenzaniso, nzvimbo yekupaka yepasi mune imwe nzvimbo yekutengesa.

ELVI ichave iripo ine injini mbiri. Mukutanga, injini ine simba re 60-70 kW kana anenge 100 hp. ichaiswa pakati. Muchikamu chechipiri, zvichave zvichibvira kugovera simba mumagetsi maviri e 35 kW imwe neimwe. Mabhatiri eLithium-Ion anoshandiswa mumotokari anozopa kugona kukurumidza kuchaja kusvika ku90% simba mukati memaminitsi gumi nemashanu, izvo zvinofanirwa kutorwa semhedzisiro yakanaka kana zvichienzaniswa nemhinduro dzinowanikwa pamusika.

Iyo chaiyo uye yatogadzirwa-yakawanda-yakagadzirwa mota ndeye yemagetsi microcar yakagadzirwa muPoland. Romet 4E (7), yakaunganidzwa uye yakapihwa neArkus & Romet Boka kubvira 2012. Kunyangwe iro zita richinyatsoenderana nePolish, iyo yekugadzira vhezheni ingori mutsauko we5-gonhi Chinese yemagetsi mota yatakaisa. Yogomo MA4E. Motokari inotyairwa nebrushless yemagetsi mota ine simba guru re5 kW (6,8 hp) uye voltage ye72 V.

Kugadziriswa kwekutumira kunobvumira kumhanya kwepamusoro kwe62 km / h. Simba rinodiwa kusimbisa injini inochengetwa mumabhatiri mapfumbamwe e-lead-asidi, imwe neimwe iine simba re 150 Ah (yakazara 1350 Ah) uye magetsi e8 V. Iyo yakawanda ndeye 90 km, asi izvi zvinogona kuwedzerwa kusvika 180 km. . km nekuita iyo yehupfumi yekutyaira modhi, iyo inoderedza yakanyanya kumhanya kusvika 42 km/h.

7. Romet 4E (kunobva: Wikipedia)

8 Siren Nicky (copyright: AK Motor)

Yakanaka, inokurumidza uye nehunyanzvi hwakakwana ... mifananidzo yemakomputa

Dzese FSE neELVI imota dzinenge dziripo, kunyangwe seprototypes. Zvinoitika kuti kusikwa kweiyo prototype mumamiriro echiPolish yatove budiriro yakakosha. Hatina kushaikwa kwemapurojekiti emhando yakanyanyisa ephemeral. Izvi zvinosanganisira, semuenzaniso, Siren Nicky (sere). Zvinoenderana nemugadziri AK Motors, ichave iri diki mota yemuguta ine mota yemagetsiiyo inogona kutakura vanhu vaviri uye mikwende midiki. Mabhatiri anopihwa neinjini anotenderwa kweanenge 150 km mumamiriro emudhorobha uye anogona kuchajwa kusvika 90% mumaminitsi gumi nemashanu chete.

Dambudziko chete nderekuti muchina uyu ... haupo panyama. Hapana kana munhu munyika chaiyo akazviona. Nekudaro, iwe unogona kuona yakawanda yakanaka CGI. Nehurombo, izvi zvinoshandawo kune mamwe maonesheni eAK Motors - Melusines Oraz Ligay.

Pane imwe nguva, nyaya yeELV001 (9) yaive yepamusoro-soro - mota yaifanirwa kufamba kusvika 150 km pamubhadharo mumwe chete. Yaifanira kuva Polish zvachose, i.e. yakagadzirwa uye yakavakwa nevainjiniya vedu. Vakatowana mari kubva kuEuropean Union uye vakagadzira prototype ELV8 ye001 miriyoni. Kugadzirwa kwemazuva ano kunze Michal Kraczyk, mudzidzi wePhD paAcademy of Fine Arts muKrakow. Makambani emudzimba akadai seCar Technology Production, KOMEL kana Mielec Leopard ndivo vakaita basa rekuvaka. Iyo prototype yakatora inenge mwedzi makumi maviri kuti ipere, uye sekureva kwaJerzy Czerkes, murongi wepurojekiti yeRegional Development Agency MARR muMielec, makumi mapfumbamwe muzana ezvikamu zvakagadzirirwa uye kuvakwa munharaunda.

9.ELV001 (copyright: exeon.co)

Pakati pezvakanyanya kutsanangurwa zvakanakira zveELV001, mukuwedzera kune inoyevedza yemagonhi matatu, pakanga paine nzvimbo yevafambi vana, yakakura 310-litre trunk uye 550-kilogiramu yekutakura. Kutyaira kwaivewo kwakasimba. Kune rimwe divi, izvi zvinobvumira kuchengetedza kwakakosha (mubhadharo we100 km ungangoita PLN 4), uye kune rumwe rutivi, inopa kuita kunoshamisa. 41 HP inokubvumira kuti uwedzere kubva ku0 kusvika ku100 km / h. mumasekonzi asingasviki matanhatu. Iyo yakanyanya kumhanya yaive 6 km / h, uye bhatiri yekuchaja nguva yaive kubva pa110 kusvika ku6 maawa. Mukupfupisa, tinogona kutaura kuti iyi imotokari ine parameters isiri yakaderera kune inokwikwidza mhando yevanozivikanwa vagadziri venyika.

Zvese zvakazarurwa izvi zvaireva kuti muna 2014 vezvenhau vakanyora nezve ELV001 setariro yeindasitiri yemotokari yemumba. Zvaifungidzirwa kuti sezvo pfungwa yemuchina ine basa rakanaka uye dhiraivha yehupfumi yakasikwa, pamwe chimwe chinhu chaizopedzisira chafamba pane iyi ndege. Zvisinei, kwakazonyarara mushure mezvo. Munhu anodyara mari haana kuwanikwa, uye nyaya yacho yakaraswa. Mukuwedzera, vanyori veprojekti pachavo havatauri kuti chinangwa chavo chaiva kubudisa motokari.

Pfungwa huru yaive yekugadzira mikana yemakambani madiki uye epakati-kati kubva kuindasitiri yemotokari kuti vawane ruzivo mukugadzira nekugadzira zvinhu zvemotokari dzemagetsi. Zvaive zvakare zvekuyedza mazano enyika nezvimiro. Mushure mezvose, nekuda kweizvi, makambani akati wandei atove kushandira pamwe kana akakwanisa kushandira pamwe neakanyanya kugadzira mota muEurope.

Asi mapurojekiti emotokari yemagetsi echiPolish acharamba aripo chete mumunda wepfungwa uye yekutanga prototypes?

Charger musupermarket uye mumarambi emumugwagwa

Kuvandudzwa kwemagetsi emagetsi hakudi chete magadzirirwo akanaka emotokari, asiwo zvivakwa. Uye nenyaya yekuti muPoland ingangove isina kusimba kupfuura nemari yekuisa mari muchikamu ichi. Parizvino zvinotendwa kuti isu tine approx. 130 zviteshi motokari yemagetsi kuchaja (10). Uye muGermany, somuenzaniso, kare 125 zviuru.

10. Google Mepu yeMagetsi Ekuchaja Mapoinzi muPoland (kubva mytesla.com)

Zvinoenderana nechirongwa chehurumende "Package yekutakura yakachena", muPoland ne2020. 6 zviuru zvenguva dzose uye mazana mana ekukurumidza kuchaja mapoinzi motokari dzemagetsi. Zvinoenderana nemitemo yeEU, chinosvika chegumi chega chega chinofanirwa kuwanikwa neveruzhinji.

Vezvenhau (somuenzaniso, "Dziennik - Gazeta Prawna") vachangobva kubudisa nhamba huru - mumakore anotevera tichagadzira mamwe mabasa gumi nemaviri. motokari yemagetsi yekuchaja nzvimbo. Vanosvika hafu yavo vachange vari pachiteshi chekuongorora, 10 zvimwe. vachavaka mapoinzi, semuenzaniso, pazvicherwa zvebiogas, pamwe nepazvicherwa zvesimba remhepo nemagetsi. Hazvizivikanwe kuti ndeapi matekinoroji achaonekwa mumajaja aya. Zvakakodzera kuwedzera kuti takatogadzira zviteshi zvakawanda tichishandisa mhinduro Tesla Supercharger - kusanganisira. muWroclaw, Katowice nePoznań.

10 itarisiro inoshuvira zvikuru. Vamwe vachati hazviitike. Nekudaro, zvakaoma kuramba kuti huwandu hwekuiswa kwakadaro muPoland hwave kuwedzera nguva pfupi yadarika. Semuenzaniso, muŁódź chete, PGE iri kushanda pazviteshi zvekuchaja zvitanhatu zvinokwana makumi mashanu kW imwe neimwe. Vachatangwa muhafu yechipiri ye50. Vafambisi venhare vanonzi vanofarirawo kuvaka network yemachaja emotokari yemagetsi. Mapurojekiti aya achapihwa mari neLow Emission Transportation Fund kana National Fund yeEnvironmental Protection and Water Management, zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwesimba rinowanikwazve. Makambani emotokari akadai seBMW, Ford, Daimler neVolkswagen arikumisikidzawo mataneti echaja muEurope, i.e. kuPoland.

Kune vanhu vakawanda vanoda kutanga bhizinesi iri. Pakupera kwegore ra2016, pamwe chete nechitoro che80 Lidl muPoland, chiteshi chekutanga chekuchaja chemotokari dzemagetsi chetani iyi yekuderedzwa yakavhurwa muPoznań. Chiteshi chemahara uye chiripo panguva yekuvhurwa kwenzvimbo. Unogona kuishandisa - nekuda kwekukurumidza kuchaja basa, nhanho inosvika makumi matatu muzana inogona kusvikwa kunyangwe mumaminitsi angangosvika zviuru zvishanu. Chivako chacho pachacho chinopiswa negeothermal simba rinotsigirwa nekupora.

Mahara ekuchaja mapoinzi anofonerawo vamwe cheni dzezvitoro. Pfungwa yekukwezva vatengi nezviteshi zvemahara zvekuchaja iri kutoitwa muEurope, kusanganisira Aldi, E. Leclerc naAuchan. MuPoland, IKEA irikumisikidza zvakare zviteshi zvekuchaja zvemotokari dzakadai muzvitoro zvayo.

Makambani maviri ehurumende emafuta edzimotokari eOrlen neLotos, ayo pari zvino anga achitevera zviri kuitika, ari kugadzirira kupinda mumusika zvine mutsindo. Orlen anga aine majaja maviri eTesla pazviteshi zvekuzadza zvinopfuura chiuru nemazana manomwe, uye Lotos anga ari mutyairi pazviteshi zveTri-City zvakasarudzwa kubvira 1700 kubvumira kuchaja mota dzemagetsi nedzemasanganiswa.

Imwe pfungwa inonakidza yezvivakwa yakazvarwa mune imwe kona yakasiyana zvachose yePoland. Lublin University of Technology uye PGE Dystrybucja vanoda kugadzirira pamwe chete itsva yemagetsi mota yekuchaja system iyo inoshandisa majaja akaiswa mukati. Mwenje yemumugwagwa. Basa racho rinofanira kupedzwa muna 2020. Chinangwa chepurojekiti ndechekuona kufamba kwemahara kwemotokari dzemagetsi muPoland yose mune ramangwana. Iyo Lublin University yeTekinoroji ichagadzirira zvigadziriso zvehunyanzvi zvemachaja matsva, nepo PGE Dystrybucja ichatarisira zvirongwa zveIT izvo zvinobvumira majaja kuti abatanidzwe nehurongwa hwekutungamira kweanopa simba. Somugumisiro, magetsi emagetsi anoshandiswa kutengesa motokari anogona kuiswa mumagetsi emagetsi anobhadharwa nemutyairi panzvimbo yekugara.

Mabhatiri emota inofanira kuchajwa nesimba guru re25 kW. Kuchaja kwakazara kunotora maminetsi makumi manomwe. Iwo majaja achave akashongedzerwa nemhando nhatu dzemapulagi, achikubvumira kuti ubatanidze mhando dzakasiyana dzemotokari dzemagetsi. Vanofanira kuva bidirectional, i.e. ipawo kudzoka kwesimba kubva kumabhatiri kune system, kana zvichidikanwa. Nekuda kwekusiyana kwemitengo yemagetsi pane dzimwe nguva dzezuva, mhinduro iyi ichabatsira vatyairi kuwana imwe mari yekuchengetedza. Mutengo wejaja imwe unofungidzirwa kune zviuru makumi mana zveRubles. zloty. Nekudaro, ivo vanogadzira chirongwa ichi havadi kuita mukugadzira kwavo - zvirongwa zvejaja zvichave zviripo kune vanofarira vanogadzira pahwaro hwerezinesi rakavhurika.

MuWarsaw pasina vagadziri vemagetsi eguta - vanoenda kuWroclaw

Muguta guru, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zvichave zvichibvira kubhadharisa motokari dzemagetsi pamberi pedzimbahwe resimba rinonetseka RWE muWybrzez Szczecinsk, uyewo munzvimbo dzakawanda dzekutengesa, semuenzaniso, muGaleria Mokotów, Arkadia, CH Warszawa Wileńska. uye Blue City. Chimwe nechimwe chezvinhu izvi chinogona kupedzwa kubva pamaminitsi makumi mana kusvika paawa.

Pakupera kwaChikumi 2016, Public Transport Authority yakazivisa chirongwa chekugadzira, kuita uye kutumira masisitimu ekuchaja emotokari dzemagetsi uye dzakasanganiswa kumapaki emota eP + R muWarsaw.

Nekudaro, kusvika parizvino, iyo isina kukwana ine dense network yemagetsi emagetsi ekuchaja zviteshi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero nei hurumende yenzvimbo yeWarsaw ichiedza kutanga iyo inonzi. motokari kugovana, pakupedzisira akasiya zvinodiwa kuti chirongwa ichi chinosanganisira motokari dzemagetsi. Zvichida yekutanga mumakwikwi aya ichava Wroclaw, uko motokari dzeguta remagetsi dzichaenda kumigwagwa muchirimo che2018.

MunaFebruary 2017, chibvumirano chakasainwa pakati peguta nekambani yeEnigma, iyo inotarisira kuitwa kweprojekiti. Guta guru reLower Silesia nderekutanga nemazana maviri emotokari dzemagetsi dzinowanikwa kune wese mugari - zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe eNissan Leaf modhi uye gumi Nissan VAN.

Mota hadzizove dzemahara - iyo yekufungidzira inosvika PLN 1 pakiromita. Mabhuku anogona kuitwa kuburikidza newebhusaiti kana nharembozha, izvo zvinokutendera kuti utarise kuwanikwa kwemotokari yega muguta. Kuvhura uye kutanga mota kuchaitwa zvakare uchishandisa rudzi urwu rwekushandisa. Zvakafanana nekubhadhara. Prepayment kana kubhadhara kunoitwa mushure mekudzoka kwemotokari. Pamusoro pezvo, zviteshi zvekuchaja mota gumi nembiri zvichavakwa.

11. Kuisa mota pakati peWarsaw (mufananidzo: blog.kurasinski.com)

Maministries ari kumonyorora

Kune maonero akasiyana-siyana nezve sirogani yemamiriyoni emotokari dzemagetsi mumigwagwa yePoland pakati pemakore gumi anotevera. Pane mitongo yakawanda yekuti kuitwa kwechirongwa hakugoneki. Nekuti shanduko yemagetsi inoda mari yechimurenga, kudyara kukuru, zvirongwa zvekutsigira vatyairi, makambani, masangano nehurumende dzenzvimbo. Zvichakadaro, munhau, munhu anogona kutowana mishumo yekukakavadzana uye kukakavara panyaya iyi pakati pemasangano anofanirwa kusimudzira pfungwa dzehurumende.

Pulse yeBusiness yakanyora kuti hofisi yeMutungamiriri weHurumende uye Ministry of Finance haidi kuve nemotokari dzemagetsi mungarava dzavo. Asi hutungamiriri hwehurumende, kusanganisira maministries, hwaifanirwa kushambadza rudzi urwu rwezvekufambisa nekuita muenzaniso.

Zvichakadaro, mukuru weHofisi yeMutungamiriri weHurumende, Beata Kempa, achitaura nezvemushumo waKrzysztof Czorzewski ataurwa pakutanga, anoronga kusabvisa motokari dzinoshandiswa muhofisi kubva kumapurojekiti ari kuuya, sezvo gwaro "risingafungi nezvemamiriro ezvinhu. kushanda kwemamwe masangano ekutonga, akadai semukuru weHofisi yeMutungamiriri weNyika ". Bazi rezvekune dzimwe nyika rinotsanangura kuti vanoshandisa motokari dzakatorwa kubva kune dzimwe nyika, saka havazotengi motokari itsva, uye zvichamuomera kutenga motokari dzemagetsi. Chinhu chinoshamisa ndechekuti Ministry of Finance, kureva kuti, shumiro inotungamirwa naMateusz Morawiecki, mumwe wevanosimudzira zvikuru electromobility, anodawo kunzvenga vanogadzira magetsi.

Vakuru vari kubvunzawo pfungwa yekupa mota dzemagetsi nzira yebhazi. Saka, imwe yezviyero zvakakosha zvekuchinja kune wemagetsi inonyangarika. Zvakadini nezvikwereti zvemitero, mari yekupaka uye zvimwe zvinobatsira zvinoita kuti vanhu vashandise motokari dzemagetsi?

Pakutanga kwaMay, Krzysztof Kowalczyk akasiya basa, uyo achangotungamira ElectroMobility Poland. Kunyangwe Maciej Kos, Mutungamiriri weEMP, akataura mukutaura kwakapararira kuti "maitiro ese mukambani ari kufamba zvakanaka uye kubviswa kwechibvumirano naKrzysztof Kowalczyk hakutyisidziri chero mapurojekiti akaitwa neEMP", kusiya basa nekukurumidza kwakadaro kunoita. kwete kubatsira mukugadzira mamiriro ekunze ane tariro akatenderedza purojekiti yemagetsi yekufamba.

Zvakaoma kusaona kuti kuitwa kwezviono zvakarongwa hazvizove basa riri nyore. Mari yekudyara pachiyero chinodiwa kusimudzira uye kutanga kugadzira, i.e. makuru haatarisirwe, uye mapurojekiti echiPolish aburitswa kusvika pari zvino haana kudonhedzwa nebudiriro yehunyanzvi mhinduro.

Zvichida tinofanira kuenda kune imwe nzira uye panzvimbo yekuisa pfungwa pakugadzirwa kwe "yechipiri Tesla", i.e. pakutevedzera uye kuvhura magonhi atovhurwa, kufunga nezve kutsvaga mhinduro kumatambudziko akadzama etekinoroji ayo achiri akakosha mumotokari dzemagetsi. hazvina kukwana, asi hapana munhu munyika aigona kurarama nazvo? Zvichida iwe unofanirwa kutsvaga nzira dzekuwedzera huwandu, kukurumidza kuchaja, kuchengetedza simba, kutonga kwesimba mukushandiswa kwemazuva ese kwemota, uye ndiani anoziva, pamwe kunyange hunyanzvi hwesimba masosi?

Iyi nzira inotsamira chete kune imwe nhanho padanho rekudyara. Zvakawanda zvichatsamira pane zvitsva, izvo maPoles ane zvakakwana.