EGR system

Iyo Exhaust Gasi Recirculation (EGR) system yakagadziridzwa kuvandudza chiyero chezvakatipoteredza cheinjini yemotokari. Kushandiswa kwayo kunogona kuderedza kuwanda kwe nitrogen oxides mumagasi ekupedza. Iwo ekupedzisira haana kubviswa zvakakwana neanoshandura anoshandura uye, sezvo ari iwo akanyanya chepfu zvikamu mukuumbwa kwemagasi emhepo, kushandiswa kwemamwe mhinduro uye matekinoroji kunodiwa.

Mashandiro anoita hurongwa

EGR chidimbu chezwi reChirungu "Exhaust Gas Recirculation", iro rinoturikira se "exhaust gas recirculation". Basa guru rehurongwa hwakadaro nderekutsausa chikamu chemagasi kubva kune yakawanda yekubvisa kusvika kune yakawanda yekutora. Kuumbwa kwenitrogen oxides kwakanyatso kuenzana netembiricha mukamuri yekupisa yeinjini. Apo kupera kwemagasi kubva kumagetsi emagetsi anopinda muhurongwa hwekutora, kusanganiswa kweokisijeni, iyo inoshanda sechigadzirisheni panguva yekupisa, inoderera. Nekuda kweizvozvo, tembiricha mukamuri yekupisa inodzikira uye chikamu chenitrogen oxide kugadzirwa chinodzikira.

Iyo EGR system inoshandiswa kune dizeli uye peturu injini. Izvo chete zvinosarudzika ndeye turbocharged peturu mota, uko kushandiswa kweiyo recirculation tekinoroji haina kukwana nekuda kweiyo chaiyo yeinjini yekushandisa mode. Kazhinji, tekinoroji yeEGR inogona kuderedza nitrogen oxide concentrations inosvika 50%. Mukuwedzera, mukana wekuputika wakaderedzwa, kushandiswa kwemafuta kunowedzera hupfumi (kunenge 3%), uye motokari dzedhiziri dzinoratidzwa nekuderera kwehuwandu hwesoti mumagasi emhepo.

Mwoyo weEGR system ivharuvhu recirculation, iyo inodzora kuyerera kwemagasi ekupedza kupinda muhuwandu hwekudya. Inoshanda pakupisa kwepamusoro uye inoiswa pasi pemitoro yakakwirira. Kuderedzwa kwekushisa kwekumanikidzika kunogona kugadzirwa, iyo inoda radiator (inotonhorera) iyo inosungirirwa pakati pemhepo inopera uye valve. Icho chikamu chemotokari yose yekutonhodza system.

Muinjini dzedhiziri, EGR valve inovhura isina basa. Muchiitiko ichi, gasi rinopera rinoita 50% yemhepo inopinda mumakamuri ekupisa. Sezvo mutoro unowedzera, valve zvishoma nezvishoma inovhara. Kune injini yepeturu, inotenderera sisitimu inowanzoshanda chete panguva yepakati uye yakaderera injini kumhanya uye inopa kusvika kugumi muzana yemagasi ekuburitsa muhuwandu hwemhepo.

Chii chinonzi EGR mavharuvhu

Parizvino, kune marudzi matatu ekupedza recirculation mavharuvhu, ayo akasiyana murudzi rweactuator:

• Pneumatic. Iyo yakapfava, asi yatove yechinyakare actuator ye exhaust gasi recirculation system. Muchokwadi, mhedzisiro pavharuvhu inoitwa nevhavha mune yekudyara manifold yemotokari.
• Electropneumatic. Iyo pneumatic EGR valve inodzorwa neiyo solenoid valve, iyo inoshanda kubva kune masaini kubva kune injini ECU zvichibva pane data kubva kune akati wandei sensors (kupedza gasi kumanikidza uye tembiricha, nzvimbo yevharuvhu, kudzvanywa kwekupinda uye inotonhorera tembiricha). Iyo inobatanidza uye inobvisa iyo vacuum sosi uye inogadzira nzvimbo mbiri chete dzeEGR valve. Zvakare, iyo vacuum mune yakadaro system inogona kugadzirwa neyakasiyana vacuum pombi.
• Zvemagetsi. Iri rudzi rwevharuvhu recirculation rinodzorwa zvakananga neinjini yemotokari ECU. Iine zvinzvimbo zvitatu zvekudzora kuyerera kwakatsetseka. Nzvimbo yeEGR valve inochinjirwa nemagineti anovhura nekuivhara mumisanganiswa yakasiyana siyana. Iyi sisitimu haishandisi vacuum.

Mhando dzeEGR mune injini yedhiziri

Injini yedhiziri inoshandisa marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekupedza gasi recirculation masisitimu, kufukidzwa kwayo kunotemerwa nemamiriro ekunze emotokari. Parizvino pane matatu awo:

• High pressure (inowirirana neEuro 4). Iyo recirculation valve inobatanidza chiteshi chekuburitsa, icho chinoiswa pamberi pe turbocharger, yakananga kune yakawandisa manifold. Iyi dunhu inoshandisa electro-pneumatic drive. Kana iyo throttle yakavharwa, kutora manifold pressure kunodzikiswa, zvichikonzera vacuum yakakwirira. Izvi zvinogadzira kuwedzera kwekuyerera kwemagasi ekupedza. Nekune rimwe divi, kuwedzera kusimba kunodzikiswa nekuti gasi shoma rekupedza simba rinopihwa muturbine. Pakuvhurika kwakavhurika, iyo exhaust gasi recirculation system haishande.
• Low pressure (inowirirana neEuro 5). Muchirongwa ichi, vharuvhu yakabatanidzwa kune exhaust system munzvimbo iri pakati peiyo particulate sefa uye muffler, uye mune inopinza system - pamberi peiyo turbocharger. Kutenda kumubatanidzwa uyu, tembiricha yemagasi ekupedza inoderedzwa, uye ivo vanocheneswawo nekusachena kwesoot. Muchiitiko ichi, kana ichienzaniswa ne-high-pressure scheme, kudzvinyirira kunoitwa pahuwandu hwakazara, sezvo iyo yose gasi inoyerera inopfuura nepakati pe turbine.
• Yakasanganiswa (inoenderana neEuro 6). Iko kusanganiswa kwepamusoro uye yakaderera kumanikidza maseketi, imwe neimwe iine yayo recirculation mavharuvhu. Mune yakajairwa modhi, dunhu iri rinoshanda pane yakaderera yekumanikidza chiteshi, uye yakakwira yekumanikidza recirculation chiteshi inobatanidzwa kana mutoro ukawedzera.

Paavhareji, kupera kwegasi recirculation valve kunotora kusvika ku100 km, mushure mokunge inogona kuvhara uye kukundikana. Kazhinji, vatyairi vasingazive kuti recirculation masisitimu ndeekungoabvisa zvachose.