Kutanga-Stop masisitimu. Inoshanda here?

Imwe yenzira dzekuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta, inozivikanwa kwemakore akawanda, ndeyekudzima injini panguva yekumbomira zvishoma kwemotokari. Mumotokari dzemazuva ano, Start-Stop masisitimu ane basa reiyi basa.

Muchiyedzo chekutyaira chakaitwa muGermany kuma55 paAudi LS ine injini ye0,35 kW, zvakaonekwa kuti kushandiswa kwemafuta pakusina basa ndeye 1,87 cm5. XNUMX./s, uye pakutanga kweXNUMX, ona XNUMX. Iyi data yakaratidza kuti kudzima injini nekumira kweanopfuura masekondi XNUMX kunochengetedza mafuta.

Panenge panguva imwe chete, miedzo yakafanana yakaitwa nevamwe vagadziri vemotokari. Iko kugona kudzikisa kudyiwa kwemafuta nekumisa injini kunyangwe pakumira kwenguva pfupi uye kuitangazve kwakatungamira mukugadzirwa kwemidziyo yekudzora inoita zviito izvi otomatiki. Yekutanga ingangove Toyota, iyo mumakore makumi manomwe yakashandisa mudziyo wemagetsi muCrown modhi iyo yakadzima injini pakumira kweanopfuura masekonzi 1,5. Miedzo muTokyo traffic jams yakaratidza kudzikiswa kwegumi muzana mukushandiswa kwemafuta. Iyo yakafanana inoshanda sisitimu yakaedzwa muFiat Regata uye yekutanga Formel E Volkswagen Polo. Mudziyo waiva mumotokari yekupedzisira waibvumira mutyairi kumisa injini, kana kuti otomatiki, zvichienderana nekumhanya, tembiricha yeinjini, uye chinzvimbo chegiya. Injini yakatangwa patsva nekutangisa pakavhurwa mutyairi paakadzvanya accelerator pedal neclutch pedal yakaora mwoyo uye giya rechipiri kana rechishanu rakabatikana. Pakamhanyisa mota pazasi pe10 km / h, sisitimu yakadzima injini, ichivhara chiteshi chisina basa. Kana injini yaitonhora, tembiricha sensor yakavharira kudzima kweinjini kuderedza kusakara pane yekutanga, nekuti injini inodziya inotora nguva shoma kutanga pane inotonhora. Mukuwedzera, iyo control system, kuderedza mutoro pabhatiri, yakadzima hwindo rinopisa rekumashure kana mota yakamira.

Bvunzo dzemumugwagwa dzakaratidza kudzikiswa kwekushandisa mafuta kusvika gumi muzana mumamiriro ekutyaira asina kunaka. Carbon monoxide emissions yakadzikirawo ne10%. Zvishoma kudarika 10 muzana. kune rumwe rutivi, zviri mukati me nitrogen oxides uye anenge mashanu hydrocarbons mumagasi ekubuda akawedzera. Sezvineiwo, pakanga pasina kukanganisa kwakashata kweiyo system pane kusimba kweiyo yekutanga.

Mazuva ano kutanga-kumisa masisitimu

Masisitimu emazuva ano ekutanga anodzima injini kana yakamira (pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu) uye woitanga patsva kana mutyairi angotsikitsira clutch pedal kana kuburitsa brake pedal mumotokari inotakura vanhu. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti uderedze kushandiswa kwemafuta uye kuburitsa kabhoni dhaibhoni, asi mumigwagwa yemumaguta chete. Kushandisa iyo Start-Stop system inoda zvimwe zvikamu zvemotokari, senge chinotangisa kana bhatiri, kuti zvigare kwenguva refu uye kudzivirira vamwe kubva kune zvinokonzeresa kudzima injini.

Start-Stop masisitimu akashongedzerwa ane akawandisa kana mashoma emagetsi ekutonga masisitimu. Mabasa avo makuru anosanganisira kutarisa mamiriro ekubhadharisa mabhatiri, kugadzirisa vanogamuchira mubhazi redata, kuderedza kushandiswa kwemagetsi uye kuwana yakakwana yekuchaja voltage panguva ino. Zvese izvi kuitira kudzivirira kubuda kwakadzika kwebhatiri uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti injini inogona kutangwa chero nguva. Nekugara uchiongorora mamiriro ebhatiri, iyo system controller inotarisisa tembiricha yayo, voltage, ikozvino uye nguva yekushandisa. Aya ma parameter anosarudza simba rekutanga pakarepo uye mamiriro ezvino ekubhadharisa. Kana iyo system ikaona yakaderera bhatiri mwero, inoderedza huwandu hwevanogonesa vanogamuchira zvinoenderana neyakarongwa yekudzima kurongeka.

Kutanga-Stop masisitimu anogona kuve akashongedzerwa nebhureki simba rekudzoreredza.

Mota dzine Start Stop masisitimu dzinoshandisa EFB kana AGM mabhatiri. Mabhatiri emhando yeEFB, kusiyana neaya ekare, ane mahwendefa akanaka akaputirwa nepolyester coating, iyo inowedzera kushorwa kwehuremu hunoshanda hwemaplateti kuti hurambe huchibuda uye kubhadharisa kwazvino. AGM mabhatiri, kune rumwe rutivi, ane girazi fibers pakati pemahwendefa anonyatsotora electrolyte. Iko kunenge kusina kurasikirwa kubva pairi. A voltage yakakwira zvishoma inogona kuwanikwa pamaterminals erudzi urwu rwebhatiri. Ivo zvakare vanonyanya kurwisa kune iyo inonzi yakadzika discharge.

Inokuvadza injini here?

Makumi emakore apfuura, zvaitendwa kuti injini imwe neimwe inotanga inowedzera mileage yayo nemazana emakiromita. Kana izvi zviri izvo, saka iyo Start-Stop system, inoshanda mumotokari inongotyaira mumigwagwa yemuguta, yaizofanira kupedza injini nekukurumidza. Kuchengeta nekudzima zvimwe hazvisi izvo zvinonyanya kufarirwa neinjini. Nekudaro, kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi kunofanirwa kuverengerwa, semuenzaniso mumunda wemafuta. Uye zvakare, iyo Start-Stop system inoda kuchengetedzwa kunoshanda kweakasiyana masisitimu, kunyanya injini, kubva pamhedzisiro yekuvharwa kazhinji. Izvi zvinoshanda, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kupa kumwe kumanikidzirwa lubrication ye turbocharger

Starter muStart-Stop system

Mune akawanda ekutanga-kumisa masisitimu ari kushandiswa, injini inotangwa uchishandisa yechinyakare yekutanga. Nekudaro, nekuda kwehuwandu hwakawedzerwa hwekushanda, yakawedzera kusimba. Iyo yekutanga ine simba zvakanyanya uye yakashongedzerwa nemabhurashi asingapfeke. Iyo clutch michina ine yakagadziridzwa imwe-nzira clutch uye giya rine rakagadziriswa zino chimiro. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kushanda kwakanyarara kwekutanga, izvo zvakakosha pakutyaira kunyaradza panguva inowanzoitika injini. 

Reversible jenareta

Chigadzirwa chakadaro chinonzi STARS (Starter Alternator Reversible System) yakagadzirwa naValeo yeStart-Stop systems. Iyo sisitimu yakavakirwa pamushini wemagetsi unodzoreredzwa, unobatanidza mabasa ekutanga uye alternator. Panzvimbo pechinyakare jenareta, unogona nyore kuisa reversible jenareta.

Chigadzirwa chacho chinopa kutanga kwakatsetseka. Kuenzaniswa neyakajairwa kutanga, hapana nzira yekubatanidza pano. Paunenge uchitanga, iyo stator mhepo yeanodzosera alternator, iyo panguva ino inova mota yemagetsi, inofanirwa kupihwa nealternating voltage, uye rotor inotenderera ine yakananga voltage. Kuwana AC voltage kubva pabhodhi bhatiri kunoda kushandiswa kweinoti inverter. Mukuwedzera, iyo stator windings haifaniri kupiwa nealternating voltage kuburikidza ne voltage stabilizer uye diode mabhiriji. Iyo voltage regulator uye diode mabhiriji anofanira kubviswa kubva kune stator windings panguva ino. Panguva yekutanga-up, reversible generator inova motokari yemagetsi ine simba re 2 - 2,5 kW, ichigadzira torque ye40 Nm. Izvi zvinokubvumira kuti utange injini mukati me350-400 ms.

Pangotanga injini, iyo AC voltage kubva kune inverter inomira kuyerera, jenareta inodzoserwa inova alternator zvakare ine diode yakabatana kune stator windings uye voltage regulator kuti ipe DC voltage kumagetsi emotokari.

Mune mamwe magadzirirwo, kuwedzera kune reversible jenareta, injini zvakare yakashongedzerwa neyechinyakare yekutanga, iyo inoshandiswa kwekutanga kutanga mushure menguva refu yekusaita.

Energy accumulator

Mune dzimwe mhinduro dzeStart-Stop system, kuwedzera kune yakajairwa bhatiri, kune zvakare inonzi inonzi. simba accumulator. Basa rayo nderekuunganidza magetsi kufambisa injini yekutanga kutanga uye kutangazve mu "Start-Stop" mode. Iyo ine maviri capacitor akabatanidzwa munhevedzano ane huwandu hwemazana akati wandei faradhi. Panguva yekubuda, inokwanisa kutsigira yekutanga sisitimu ine ikozvino yeanoverengeka mazana amperes.

Mamiriro ekushanda

Kushanda kweStart-Stop system kunogoneka chete pasi pehuwandu hwemamiriro akasiyana. Chokutanga pane zvose, panofanira kuva nesimba rakakwana mubhatiri kuti ritangezve injini. Mukuwedzera, incl. kumhanya kwemotokari kubva pakutanga kwekutanga kunofanira kudarika imwe kukosha (somuenzaniso, 10 km / h). Nguva iri pakati pekumira kuviri kwakatevedzana kwemotokari yakakura kudarika hudiki hwakatarwa nechirongwa. Mafuta, alternator uye tembiricha yebhatiri zviri mukati meiyo yakatarwa. Nhamba yekumira haina kudarika muganhu muminiti yekupedzisira yekutyaira. Injini iri pa optimum inoshanda tembiricha.

Izvi zvinongova zvimwe zvezvinodikanwa zvinofanirwa kuzadzikiswa kuti system ishande.