Yakawanda sei injini yekupisa yemukati inorema mumotokari uye ine 300 kg yemabhatiri zvakanyanya zvakanyanya? [TINOTENDA]

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, takanzwa pfungwa yokuti motokari dzinopisa mukati kana ma-plug-in hybrids anoshandisa simba zvakanyanya nokuti "injini dzinorema 100 kg, uye bhatiri mumotokari yemagetsi i300 kg." Mune mamwe mazwi: hazvina musoro kutakura bhatiri hombe, iyo yakanaka ndeye seti mune plug-in hybrid. Ndokusaka takasarudza kutarisa kuti injini yekupisa yemukati inorema zvakadini uye kuverenga kana huremu hwebhatiri iri nyaya yakadaro.

Tafura yezvinyorwa

• Internal combustion engine huremu maringe nehuremu hwebhatiri
  • Injini yekupisa yemukati inorema zvakadii?
    • Zvichida zviri nani mune plug-in mahybrids? Zvakadini neChevrolet Volt / Opel Ampera?
    • Uye zvakadini nesarudzo shoma seBMW i3 REx?

Ngatitangei kupindura mubvunzo ungaita sezviri pachena: sei tichifunga nezvebhatiri pachayo, kana motokari yemagetsi inewo inverter kana motokari? Isu tinopindura: chekutanga, nekuti yakagadzirwa nenzira iyi 🙂 Asi zvakare nekuti bhatiri rinoita chikamu chakakosha chehuremu hwese dhiraivha yemagetsi.

Uye zvino nhamba: bhatiri reRenault Zoe ZE 40 rine simba rinobatsira re41 kWh rinorema makirogiramu mazana matatu. (kunobva). Iyo Nissan Leaf yakafanana zvikuru. Inenge 60-65 muzana yehuremu hwechigadzirwa ichi inoumbwa nemasero, saka isu tinogona kana 1) kuwedzera density yavo (uye bhatiri huwandu) nekuwedzera kudiki kwehuremu, kana 2) kuchengetedza humwe hunyanzvi uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuderedza uremu. yebhatiri. bhatiri. Zvinoita sekuti mota dzeRenault Zoe dzinosvika pamakumi mashanu kWh dzinofamba ne track 50 uyezve ne track 1.

Chero zvazvingava, nhasi bhatiri 300-kilogram inogona kutyaira makiromita 220-270 mune yakasanganiswa mode. Kwete zvishoma, asi nzendo dzekuPoland dzatoda kurongwa.

> Mota yemagetsi uye kufamba nevana - Renault Zoe muPoland [IMPRESSIONS, renji bvunzo]

Injini yekupisa yemukati inorema zvakadii?

Iyo Renault Zoe imota yechikamu cheB, saka zvakanakisa kushandisa injini kubva kune yakafanana chikamu mota. Muenzaniso wakanaka heino Volkswagen's TSI injini, iyo mugadziri akazvirumbidza nezve compact uye yakanyanya kureruka dhizaini. Uye zvechokwadi: 1.2 TSI inorema 96 kg, 1.4 TSI - 106 kg (mabviro, EA211). Naizvozvo, tinogona kufungidzira kuti diki mukati memoto injini inorema inenge 100 kg.... Izvi zvakapetwa katatu pane zvebhatiri.

Chete kuti uku kunongova kutanga kwekuyera, nekuti kune uremu uhwu unofanirwa kuwedzera:

• zvigadzirwa, nekuti injini dzinogara dzichiyerwa dzakaoma - makirogiramu mashoma,
• Pedza hurongwanekuti pasina ivo haugone kufamba - makirogiramu mashoma,
• inotonhorera radiatorm, nekuti injini yekupisa yemukati inogara ichishandura inopfuura hafu yesimba kubva mumafuta kuenda mukupisa - gumi nemaviri + makirogiramu,
• tangi yemafuta ine mafuta uye pombinokuti pasina ivo motokari haizoendi - makumi emakumi emakirogiramu (inowira paunenge uchityaira),
• gearbox ine clutch nemafutaNokuti nhasi motokari dzemagetsi chete dzine giya rimwe - makumi akawanda emakirogiramu.

Zviyereso hazvina kururama nekuti hazvisi nyore kuwana. Zvisinei, unogona kuzviona iyo injini yekupisa inopinda nyore nyore makirogiramu mazana maviri uye inosvika 200 makirogiramu.... Musiyano wehuremu pakati peinjini yekupisa mukati uye bhatiri mukuenzanisa kwedu ndeye 60-70 kg (20-23 muzana yehuremu hwebhatiri), iyo isiri iyo yakawanda. Tinotarisira kuti vachaparadzwa zvachose mumakore 2-3 anotevera.

Zvichida zviri nani mune plug-in mahybrids? Zvakadini neChevrolet Volt / Opel Ampera?

Volt / Amp muenzaniso wakashata uye usina kunaka kune avo vanofunga kuti "zviri nani kutakura injini inopisa mukati newe pane bhatiri re300 kg". Sei? Hongu, mukati memoto injini yemoto inorema 100 kg, asi kutapurirana mushanduro dzekutanga kwakayera, cherechedza, 167 kg, uye kubva muna 2016 modhi - "chete" 122 kilogram (mabviro). Huremu hwayo hunokonzerwa nekuti iyo inonakidza muenzaniso wehunyanzvi tekinoroji inosanganisa nzira dzinoverengeka dzekushanda mune imwe imba, kubatanidza injini yekupisa yemukati nemagetsi nenzira dzakasiyana. Isu tinowedzera kuti mazhinji egiya bhokisi angave akanyanya kana mota isina injini yekupisa mukati.

Mushure mekuwedzera exhaust system, mvura inotonhorera uye tangi yemafuta, tinogona kusvika nyore kusvika 300 kilogiramu. Nekufambiswa kutsva, nekuti neichi chekare isu tichasvetuka pamusoro peiyi muganhu nemakumi akati wandei emakirogiramu.

> Chevrolet Volt inodonha kunze kwekupa. Chevrolet Cruze uye Cadillac CT6 zvichapera zvakare

Uye zvakadini nesarudzo shoma seBMW i3 REx?

Muchokwadi, iyo BMW i3 REx muenzaniso unonakidza: injini yekupisa mukati memotokari inoshanda chete sejenareta remagetsi. Iyo haina kugona kwemuviri kutyaira mavhiri, saka yakaoma uye inorema Volt gearbox haidiwe pano. Injini ine huwandu hwe650 cc.³ uye ine zita rekuti W20K06U0. Sezvineiwo, inogadzirwa neTaiwanese Kymco..

Iyo BMW i3 REx combustion injini iri kuruboshwe kwebhokisi ine orenji yakakwirira voltage tambo dzakabatana. A cylindrical muffler iri kuseri kwebhokisi. Pazasi pemufananidzo unogona kuona bhatiri rine maseru (c) kubva kuBMW.

Zvakaoma kuwana uremu hwayo paInternet, asi, nerufaro, pane nzira iri nyore: ingoenzanisa uremu hweBMW i3 REx uye i3, iyo inosiyana chete mumagetsi ekupisa. Chii chakasiyana? 138 makirogiramu (technical data pano). Muchiitiko ichi, pane kare mafuta mujini uye mafuta mutangi. Zviri nani kutakura injini yakadaro, kana bhatiri 138 kilogram? Heino ruzivo rwakakosha:

• mune iyo nzira yekuenderera mberi ichichaja bhatiri, injini yekupisa yemukati inoita ruzha, saka hapana kunyarara kune wemagetsi (asi pamusoro pe80-90 km / h misiyano haichaonekwi),
• mumodhi yeinoda kuburitswa bhatiri kuchaja, simba reinjini yekupisa yemukati harina kukwana kutyaira kwakajairwa; iyo motokari haigoni kukurumidza kupfuura 60 km / h uye inogona kunonoka pakadzika (!),
• zvakare, iyo 138 kg yeinjini yekupisa yemukati inogona kufungidzira * kuchinjirwa 15-20 kWh yebhatiri (19 kWh yeRenault Zoe bhatiri inotsanangurwa pamusoro), izvo zvingave zvakakwana kutyaira imwe 100-130 km.

Iyo yemagetsi BMW i3 (2019) ine huwandu hweanosvika mazana maviri nemakumi matatu emakiromita. Kana iyo yakawedzera huwandu hweBMW i233 REx (3) injini yekupisa yemukati yakange yashandiswa, mota yaigona kufamba makiromita mazana matatu nemakumi matatu nemazana matatu nemakumi matanhatu pamubhadharo mumwe.

Kusarudza mabhatiri. Kuwanda kwesimba mumaseru kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera, asi kuti uenderere mberi nebasa panofanira kunge paine vanhu vanoda kubhadhara nhanho dzekuchinja.

> Kuwanda kwebhatiri kwakachinja sei makore apfuura uye hatina kunyatso kufambira mberi munzvimbo ino? [TICHAPINDURA]

*) Bhatiri reBMW i3 rinozadza rinenge chassis yese yemota. Michina yemazuva ano yekugadzirwa kwemasero haibvumiri kuzadza nzvimbo yakasara kubva mukati mejini inopisa nebhatiri ine simba re 15-20 kWh, nokuti hapana yakakwana. Zvakadaro, uhu huremu hwakawandisa hunogona kubatwa zvirinani gore negore nekushandisa maseru ane simba rakanyanya kusimba. Zvakaitika muzvizvarwa (2017) uye (2019).

Mufananidzo wekuvhura: Audi A3 e-tron, plug-in hybrid ine injini yekupisa, mota yemagetsi nemabhatiri.

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