Kuderedzwa uye kufamba kwenguva. Ndeipi injini yekusarudza kuitira kuti usarasikirwe nemari

Munyika yanhasi yemotokari, ma turbocharged peturu injini dzine simba shoma dzinenge dziri chikamu chemota dzemhando yepamusoro. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti nekuda kwe turbocharger, simba rakawanda rinowanikwa nekuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta. Muchikamu chino, isu tichatarisa pane sarudzo ye subcompact powertrains yekutarisa kana uchitsvaga yakashandiswa mota iwe, pamwe neayo anonyatso dziviswa.

Inokurudzirwa injini:

1.2 Yakachena tekinoroji (PSA)

Injini iyi ndiyo yakanakisa muenzaniso wekuti kudzikisira kunogona kufambidzana neuptime. Vashandisi nemakanika vanorumbidza dhizaini iyi yekusimba kwepamusoro-avhareji uye kuderera kwemafuta. Tsika yebasa zvakare yakanaka, kunyangwe matatu-cylinder dhizaini. Injini inogona kuwanikwa mune 130 hp musiyano, pamwe ne110 hp, 75 hp akasiyana. uye 82hp

Shanduro dzisina simba dzine majekiseni akawanda uye hapana turbocharger, iyo kune vamwe vashandisi ichave yakakosha. Sezvineiwo aspirated shanduro dzakapinda mumusika muna 2012, uye turbocharged muna 2014. Iyo dhiraivha ine huremu hushoma, kuderedzwa kwemukati friction uye maviri-nhanho yekutonhora system. Zvikanganiso zvishoma zvine chekuita, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, bhandi rekubatsira uye crankshaft inodonha. Injini inogona kuwanikwa, pakati pevamwe, muPeugeot 308 II kana Citroen C4 Cactus.

1.0 MPI / TSI EA211 (Volkswagen)

Iri ipurojekiti kubva kumhuri yemainjini akaiswa kodhi EA211. Iyo unit ine 3 masilinda uye inowanikwawo mune yakasikwa aspirated version (MPI). Mukufambisa nguva, mugadziri akashandisa bhandi rakachipa uye rakasimba (zvinoshamisa) zvichienzaniswa nekare chetani inofambiswa nemadhizaini (EA111). Injini isina turbocharger inogona kuwanikwa, semuenzaniso, muVW Polo, Seat Ibiza kana Skoda Fabia. Yakaonekwa pamusika muna 2011 uye inovandudza simba kubva pa60 kusvika ku75 hp. Simba rayo riri pamwero unogamuchirika.

Vashandisi vanoti iyi ndiyo injini yakanaka yekutenderera neguta. Mumugwagwa, panogona kunge pasina simba rakakwana, kunyanya kana uchipfuura. Mechanics vakataura matambudziko nepombi inotonhorera sezvo ichigona kupera nguva isati yakwana, kunyangwe iri risiri dambudziko rinowanzoitika. Injini ine mukurumbira wekusimba. Iyo Supercharged 1.0 (TSI) injini yave mukugadzirwa kubva 2014 uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muVolkswagen Group compact class modhi seAudi A3, VW Golf uye Skoda Octavia kana Rapid (kubvira 2017). Iyi turbocharged peturu injini inoshanda uye ine mari sosi yekufambisa iyo inogona kukurudzirwa nehana yakachena.

1.4 TSI EA211 (Volkswagen)

Injini dzakakwidziridzwa, dzakasarudzwa EA211, zvakare dzine injini ye1.4L. Injini ine yakananga jekiseni uye turbocharger, uye mune mamwe akasiyana zvakare ine humburumbira deactivation system kuderedza avhareji yemafuta. Iyo yekutonhodza system yakashandurwa zvakare. Mamwe mayunitsi e1.4 TSI akaiswa pafekitori yeCNG.

Onawo: rezinesi rekutyaira. Chikamu B uye kukweva turera

Zvinoenderana nemakanika, mota haina kudhura kushanda, kunyangwe mutengo wekugadzirisa unogoneka uri mukati memiganhu inonzwisisika. Parizvino, vashandisi havaratidzi kudzokororwa kwakakomba kusashanda zvakanaka. Iyo drive yakaiswa paSeat Leon III kana VW Golf VII.

Honda 1.2 / 1.3 l (Honda)

Paunenge uchitsvaga madhiri emotokari dzakashandiswa, zvakajairika kuwana mhando dzeHonda dzine 1.2 kana 1.3 injini pasi pehodhi. Aya madhizaini akabudirira kwazvo anozoshandira muridzi wenguva yemberi kwemakore mazhinji. Kune iyi purojekiti, Honda yakasarudza kushandisa imwe isingawanzo gadziriso, iyo, kwenguva yakareba, L-yakatevedzana midhudhudhu yaive nemavharuvhu maviri pacylinder uye maviri spark plugs pacylinder. Maererano nenyanzvi, iwe unofanirwa kugara (kunyatso) kutarisa kuvhara kwevhavha uye kutsiva mvura inoshanda. Iyo unit inogona kuwanikwa muHonda Jazz uye CR-Z.

1.0 EcoBust (Ford)

Yakaonekwa muna 2012 uye yaionekwa nevakawanda sedanho rakakosha munguva yeinjini dzepeturu. Iyo mota inoratidzwa nediki curb huremu (isingasviki 100 kg) uye compact zviyero zvine simba rakawanda. Anenge achangopedza kudhirowa kwake, akahwina zita re "International Engine of the Year 2012" uye aive pasi pehodhi yeFocus, Mondeo, Fiesta, C-Max uye Transit Courier.

Pakutanga, Ford yakaunza 100-horsepower version inotengeswa, uye zvishoma gare gare, 125-horsepower version. Nokufamba kwenguva, shanduro 140-horsepower yakaonekwa. Vatyairi vanorumbidza dhizaini yekuchinjika kwayo, kuita kwakanaka uye mashandisirwo emafuta echiratidzo. Mechanics ari kutarisisa kumatambudziko neiyo inotonhorera sisitimu, iyo inogona kuoneka kunyanya nemayuniti anogadzirwa mugore rekutanga rekugadzira. Paiva nekuputika mukati mavo, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira mukupisa gasket pasi pemusoro, uye kunyange deformation yemusoro pachayo. Muna 2013, mainjiniya akagadzirisa kugadzirisa nyaya iyi. Nhasi unogona kuwana mota dzakatyaira pamusoro pe300 1.0s. km uye achiri kushandiswa mazuva ese, zvinoreva kuti XNUMX EcoBoost ipurojekiti yakakodzera kurumbidzwa.

Zviri nani kudzivirira injini idzi:

0.6 uye 0.7 R3 (smart)

Zvinoenderana nemakanika, iyo unit yaiwanzoda kugadziriswa (kunyangwe yakakura) mushure mekumhanya isingasviki 100 km. km. Inogona kuwanikwa muLubricants (chizvarwa W450). Pakutanga, chikumbiro ichi chaisanganisira huwandu hwe600 cm3 uye simba re45 hp. Nguva pfupi mushure mekutanga, Smart akaona kuti simba rakadaro raisazogutsa vatengi. Naizvozvo, misiyano mitsva ine 51 uye 61 hp yakaunzwa, uye 2002-litre yakasiyana yakatanga muna 0.7.

Vashandisi vanoti kugadzirisa mota inomhanya uye yakakuvadzwa musevhisi isina kubvumidzwa inodhura zviuru zvezlotys. Ehe, muASO tichabhadhara zvakanyanya. Mukuwedzera, injini inowanzotadza ne clutch, turbocharger uye nguva yeketani.

1.0 EcoTech (Opel)

Injini iyi yakashandiswa mumotokari dzeOpel pakati pemakore makumi mapfumbamwe. Mushure memakore akawanda ebasa rakasimba uye nhevedzano yezviedzo, mhuri yeinjini yeMhuri 1996 yakaunzwa muna 0. Iyo 1.0 litre unit, yaive nemasilinda matatu, mavharuvhu gumi nemaviri uye cheni yenguva, yaive yakakurumbira zvakanyanya. Simba rakasiyana kubva pa12 kusvika ku54 hp. Chizvarwa chekutanga chainzi EcoTec, chechipiri TwinPort uye chechitatu EcoFlex.

Gasoline yakaiswa inosanganisira Corsi (B, C uye D) uye Aguilia (A uye B). Injini haina kunyanya hupfumi uye ine tsika yakaderera yebasa. Pashure kumhanya zvakawanda kana zvishoma 50 zviuru. km, ketani yenguva inowanzotanga kuita ruzha. Mukuwedzera, injini inowanzoshandisa mafuta zvakanyanya. Mavuza, kunyanya akatenderedza chivharo chevhavha, akanaka chaizvo. Kuita kuti zvinhu zvinyanye kuoma, mafuta ekumanikidza sensors anotadzawo. Mushure mekutyaira anenge 100 zviuru zvemakiromita, kumanikidzwa kweinjini kunogona kupera. EGR valve zvakare inowanzosvibiswa. Lambda probes uye ignition coils inogona kuridza hutsinye joke.

1.4 TSI Twincharger (Volkswagen)

Iyo mota inogona kuwanikwa pasi pehodhi, semuenzaniso, Volkswagen Scirocco III kana Seat Ibiza IV Cupra. Kusashanda zvakanaka kweinjini iyi kutambanudza nguva. Iyo tensioner uye variator ine basa rekudzora zvikamu zvenguva inogona kunge iine mhosva. Pane zviitiko zvekuputsika kwepiston uye zvindori. Kana block ikakuvadzwa, kugadzirisa hakuzove kwakachipa. Uye zvakare, vashandisi vanocherekedza mukana wekutadza kweiyo magineti kubatana kwepombi yemvura, kusashanda kwejekiseni system uye yakanyanya kushandiswa kwemafuta. Mumamiriro emaguta, inogona kusvika ku15 l / 100 km, uye mumugwagwa unofanirwa kugadzirira chigumisiro munharaunda ye8 - 9 l / 100 km. Mechanics anoti post-2010 modhi inoita seisina dambudziko.

1.6 hp (BMW / PSA)

Yaifanirwa kunge iri dhizaini yedhizaini inosangana nekuomesera ekuburitsa zvinodikanwa uye inovimbisa yakaderera mutengo wekushandisa. Kutaura zvazviri, zvakazove zvakasiyana zvishoma. Motokari yakaona chiedza muna 2006. Iyo ine gumi nematanhatu-vharuvhu silinda musoro uye yakananga mafuta jekiseni. Yakaiswa pakutanga pasi pebhoneti yeMINI Cooper S, uye nguva pfupi yakatevera zvakare pamotokari kubva kuFrance, senge, semuenzaniso. DS3, DS4, DS5 uye 308, uye kunyange RCZ. Iyo yekupihwa yaisanganisira shanduro kubva pa140 kusvika 270 hp. Mumwedzi mishomanana yekushanda uye mileage, chaizvoizvo 15 - 20 zviuru. km inogona kunge iri dambudziko reakatambanudzwa nguva ketani.

Vagadziri vacho vakati nyakunetsana ndiye akonzeresa mamiriro ezvinhu aya. Kuremara kwakagadziriswa pasi pewaranti, asi zvinonakidza, chinhu chacho pachacho hachina kuvandudzwa kusvika 2010. Nehurombo, nyaya dzekutambanudzira nguva yekutyaira dzinozivikanwa nanhasi. Uye zvakare, vashandisi veiyo 1.6 THP injini vanoshuma dambudziko rekunyanya kushandisa mafuta. Uye zvakare, iyo software yemagetsi unit, iyo turbocharger, iyo inowanzo pwanya casing, pamwe nekupedza uye kutora manifolds, inogona kutadza.

1.2 TSI EA111 (Volkswagen)

Akatanga makore gumi nerimwe apfuura. Iine masilinda mana, yakananga mafuta jekiseni uye, hongu, turbocharger. Pakutanga, injini yakanetseka nematambudziko makuru nenguva, iyo yakavakirwa pakugadzirwa kweketani. Mushure menguva pfupi yekumhanya, inogona kutanga kuita ruzha, kutambanudza, uye izvi zvakare nekuda kwekukanganisa tensioner. 11 yakaunza dhizaini nyowani yakagamuchira mavharuvhu gumi nematanhatu (yaimbova ne2012), bhandi renguva uye maviri shafts (iyo EA16 yaive neimwe shaft). Mukuwedzera, muzvikamu zvekutanga (kusvika muna 8) panogona kunge kune kukanganisa mu cylinder head gasket, control electronics, exhaust gas purification system uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta. Mechanics zvakare teerera kune turbine, iyo iyo control system inogona kusavimbika. Chizvarwa chekutanga 111 TSI injini dzinogona kuwanikwa pasi pehodhi yemotokari seVW Golf VI, Skoda Octavia II kana Audi A2012 1.2P.

Summation

Pamusoro, takaratidza peturu zvikamu, izvo zvinonyatso tsanangura musika wemazuva ano wemotokari. Vagadziri vemotokari vanoedza kupa mhinduro dzakanakisa kumutengi, asi sezvauri kuona, dzimwe nguva zvinhu zvinogona kuipa. Mushure mezvose, unogona kuwana motokari yakashandiswa ine injini duku (yakapfupika) pasi pehood, iyo inenge isina matambudziko uye yakakwana yekushandiswa kwezuva nezuva.

Onawo: Kuedza magetsi Opel Corsa