Kuumbwa kweantifreeze uye maitiro ayo
Zviri mukati
General tsananguro uye zvivakwa
Iyo yemhando yekuumbwa kweantifreeze haina kusiyana kubva kune dzimwe nyika analogues. Misiyano inongori muchikamu chezvikamu. Iyo inotonhorera base ine mvura yakasvibiswa kana yakasvibiswa, ethanediol kana propanediol alcohols, anti-corrosion additives uye dhayi. Pamusoro pezvo, buffer reagent (sodium hydroxide, benzotriazole) uye defoamer, polymethylsiloxane, inounzwa.
Sezvimwe zvinotonhodza, antifreeze inodzikisira tembiricha yemvura uye inoderedza kuwedzera kweaizi panguva yechando. Izvi zvinodzivirira kukuvadzwa kwejaketi rejini inotonhorera system munguva yechando. Iine lubricating uye anti-corrosion properties.
Chii chinosanganisirwa mukuumbwa kweantifreeze?
"Maresiphi" akati wandei eantifreeze anozivikanwa - ese ari painorganic inhibitors uye pacarboxylate kana lobrid analogues. Iyo yakasarudzika kuumbwa kweantifreeze inotsanangurwa pazasi, pamwe neperesenti uye basa remakemikari zvikamu.
- Glycols
Monohydric kana polyhydric doro - ethylene glycol, propanediol, glycerin. Paunenge uchipindirana nemvura, nzvimbo inotonhora yemhinduro yekupedzisira inoderedzwa, uye nzvimbo yekubikira yemvura inowedzerawo. Zviri mukati: 25–75%.
- Mvura
Mvura yakasvibiswa inoshandiswa. Main coolant. Inobvisa kupisa kubva munzvimbo dzinopisa dzebasa. Muzana - kubva pa10 kusvika ku45%.
- Dyes
Tosol A-40 ine ruvara rwebhuruu, inoratidza nzvimbo yechando (-40 ° C) uye nzvimbo yekuvira ye115 ° C. Kune zvakare tsvuku analogue ine crystallization point ye -65 ° C. Uranine, iyo sodium munyu wefluorescein, inoshandiswa sedhayi. muzana: isingasviki 0,01%. Chinangwa chedhayi ndechekuona huwandu hweinotonhorera mutangi yekuwedzera, uye inoshandawo kuona kuvuza.
Additives - corrosion inhibitors uye defoamers
Nekuda kwemutengo wakaderera, inorganic modifiers inowanzo shandiswa. Kune zvakare mhando dzezvinotonhorera zvakavakirwa pane organic, silicate uye polymer composite inhibitors.
| Additives | Chikoro | Zviri mukati |
| Nitrites, nitrate, phosphates uye sodium borates. Alkali simbi silicates
| Inorganic | 0,01 - 4% |
| Maviri-, matatu-basic carboxylic acids nemunyu wavo. Kazhinji succinic, adipic uye decandioic acids inoshandiswa. | Organic | 2 - 6% |
| Silicone polymers, polymethylsiloxane | Polymer composite (lobrid) defoamers | 0,0006 - 0,02% |
Defoamers anounzwa kuti aderedze kupupuma kweantifreeze. Kupupa kunodzivirira kupisa kupisa uye kunogadzira njodzi yekusvibiswa kwemabheya uye zvimwe zvimiro zvine zvigadzirwa zvinoora.
Hunhu hweantifreeze uye hupenyu hwebasa
Nekuchinja ruvara rweantifreeze, munhu anogona kutonga mamiriro einotonhorera. Fresh antifreeze ine ruvara rwebhuruu rwakajeka. Panguva yekushanda, mvura inowana yero tint, uye ipapo ruvara runonyangarika zvachose. Izvi zvinoitika nekuda kwekuparara kwe corrosion inhibitors, izvo zvinoratidza kudiwa kwekutsiva chinotonhorera. Mukuita, hupenyu hwebasa reantifreeze makore 2-5.
