Yepakati tangi T-34
Yepakati tangi T-34
Kufamba kwepamusoro kwakapihwa neinjini yedhiziri ine simba uye makwara akafara. Iyo yakakwirira manufacturability yedhizaini yakaita kuti zvikwanisike kumisikidza serial kugadzirwa kweT-34 pazvinomera zvinomwe zvekugadzira michina yemidziyo yakasiyana. Munguva yeGreat Patriotic War, pamwe chete nekuwedzera kwenhamba yematangi akagadzirwa, basa rekuvandudza magadzirirwo avo uye kurerutsa tekinoroji yekugadzira yakagadziriswa. Iyo yekutanga prototypes ye welded uye cast turret, iyo yaive yakaoma kugadzira, yakatsiviwa neyakapfava cast hexagonal turret. Upenyu hweinjini hurefu hwave kuwanikwa nekucheneswa kwemhepo, kwakagadziridzwa masisitimu ekuzora, uye kuunzwa kwegavhuna wemhando dzese. Kutsiva iyo huru clutch neimwe yepamusoro uye kuunzwa kwegiya bhokisi regiya rinomhanya-mhanya pane mana-kumhanya kwakabatsira mukuwedzera kweavhareji yekumhanya. Matumbo akasimba uye ma roller ekukanda anonatsiridza kuvimbika kwe undercarriage. Nokudaro, kuvimbika kwetangi rose kwakawedzerwa, asi kuoma kwekugadzira kwakaderedzwa. Pakazara, mukati memakore ehondo, anopfuura 52 zviuru zvematangi eT-34, ayo akatora chikamu muhondo dzose.
Nhoroondo yekusikwa kwetangi reT-34Musi wa13 Gumiguru, 1937, iyo Kharkov Steam Locomotive Plant yakatumidzwa zita reComintern (chirimwa nhamba 183) yakapihwa zvine hungwaru uye zvehunyanzvi zvinodiwa pakugadzira nekugadzira tangi idzva rine mavhiri-rinoteedzerwa BT-20. Kuti uite basa iri, nechisarudzo che8th Main Directorate yePeople's Commissariat yeIndasitiri yeDziviriro, nzvimbo yakakosha yedhizaini yakagadzirwa pachirimwa ichi, iri pasi peinjiniya mukuru. Akagamuchira zita refekitari A-20. Mukati mekugadzirwa kwayo, imwe tangi yakagadzirwa, yakada kufanana neA-20 maererano nehuremu uye hukuru. Musiyano wayo mukuru kwaive kushaikwa kwevhiri.
Somugumisiro, musi waMay 4, 1938, pamusangano weU.SR Defence Committee, mapurojekiti maviri akaiswa: A-20 wheeled-tracked tank uye A-32 tracked tank. MunaAugust, vose vari vaviri vakafungidzirwa pamusangano weDare Guru reMasoja, vakabvumirwa uye muhafu yekutanga yegore rakatevera vakagadzirwa nesimbi.
Zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi hwayo data uye chitarisiko, iyo A-32 tangi yakasiyana zvishoma kubva kuA-20. Yakazove 1 toni inorema (kurwa kurema - 19 matani), yaive nehupamhi hwese uye chimiro chehull uye turret. Chigadzirwa chemagetsi chakafanana - dizeli V-2. Misiyano mikuru yaive kusavapo kwevhiri dhiraivha, ukobvu hwezvombo (30 mm panzvimbo ye25 mm yeA-20), iyo 76 mm cannon (45 mm yakatanga kuiswa pamuenzaniso wekutanga), kuvepo kwevashanu. mavhiri emugwagwa kune rumwe rutivi muchirasi.
Kuedzwa kwakabatana kwemichina miviri yakaitwa muna Chikunguru - Nyamavhuvhu 1939 panzvimbo yekudzidzira muKharkov uye yakaratidza kufanana kwehunyanzvi hwavo uye hunyanzvi hunhu, hunonyanya kusimba. Iyo yakanyanya kumhanya yemotokari dzehondo pamakwara yaive yakafanana - 65 km / h; mavhareji ekumhanya anewo anenge akaenzana, uye kumhanya kwekushanda kweA-20 tank pamavhiri nemakwara hazvina kusiyana zvakanyanya. Zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yebvunzo, zvakagumiswa kuti iyo A-32, iyo yaive nemuganho wekuwedzera kuwanda, inofanirwa kuchengetedzwa nehanzu dzine simba, zvichiteerana, kuwedzera simba rezvikamu zvega. Tangi idzva rakagamuchira zita rekuti A-34.
Muna Gumiguru - Mbudzi 1939, maviri A-32 michina akaedzwa, akatakura kusvika 6830 makirogiramu (kusvika kuwanda A-34). Pahwaro hwebvunzo idzi, musi waDecember 19, tangi yeA-34 yakagamuchirwa neRed Army pasi pechiratidzo T-34. Kusvikira pakutanga kwehondo, vakuru vakuru vePeople's Commissariat of Defense vakanga vasina maonero akasimba pamusoro petangi yeT-34, iyo yakanga yatoiswa mubasa. Vatariri vechirimwa Nhamba 183 havana kubvumirana nemafungiro emutengi uye vakakwidza chisarudzo ichi kuhofisi yepakati uye yevanhu, vachipa kuenderera mberi nekugadzirwa uye kupa mauto T-34 matangi nekugadzirisa uye garandi mileage yakaderedzwa kusvika ku1000. km (kubva pa3000). K. E. Voroshilov akagumisa kukakavara, achibvumirana nemafungiro emiti. Nekudaro, iyo dhizaini huru yakanyorwa mumushumo wenyanzvi dzeNIBT Polygon - iyo tightness haina kugadziriswa.
Mune chimiro chayo chepakutanga, tangi yeT-34 yakabudiswa muna 1940 yakasiyaniswa nehupamhi hwepamusoro hwekugadziriswa kwezvombo zvehondo. Munguva yehondo, vaifanira kuzvipira nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwakawanda kwemotokari yehondo. Chirongwa chepakutanga chekugadzira 1940 chakapa kugadzirwa kwe150 serial T-34s, asi munaJune nhamba iyi yakawedzera kusvika 600. Uyezve, kugadzirwa kwaifanirwa kuendeswa zvose paPlant No. 183 uye paStalingrad Tractor Plant (STZ) , iyo yaifanirwa kugadzira motokari zana. Zvisinei, urongwa uhwu hwakazove huri kure nechokwadi: pakazosvika September 100, 15, matangi matatu chete akagadzirwa paKhPZ, uye matangi eStalingrad T-1940 akasiya mafekitari workshops chete muna 3.
Mota nhatu dzekutanga dzekugadzira muna Mbudzi-Zvita 1940 dzakapfurwa zvakanyanya uye mileage bvunzo munzira yeKharkov-Kubinka-Smolensk-Kiev-Kharkov. Miedzo iyi yakaitwa nevakuru veNIBT Polygon. Vakaona kukanganisa kwakawanda kwekugadzira zvekuti vakabvunza kushanda kwekurwisa kwemichina iri kuedzwa. GABTU yakatumira chirevo chisina kunaka. Pamusoro pekuti mahwendefa ezvombo akaiswa pamakona makuru ekurerekera, ukobvu hwezvombo zve34 T-1940 tank yakapfuura akawanda eavhareji mota dzenguva iyoyo. Chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvikuru chaiva L-11 short-barreled cannon.
Yechipiri prototype A-34
Pakutanga, 76-mm L-11 cannon ine dhiramu kureba kwe30,5 calibers yakaiswa mutangi, uye kutanga kubva munaFebruary 1941, pamwe neL-11, vakatanga kuisa 76-mm F-34 cannon ine dhiramu kureba kwe41 calibers. Panguva imwecheteyo, shanduko dzakakanganisa chete chifukidzo chezvombo chechikamu chinozunguza chepfuti. Pakupera kwezhizha ra1941, matangi eT-34 akagadzirwa chete nepfuti yeF-34, iyo yakabudiswa pachirimwa Nhamba 92 muGorky. Mushure mekutanga kweGreat Patriotic War, nemutemo weGKO No. Panguva imwecheteyo, Sormovites vakabvumirwa kuisa zvikamu zvendege kubva kuKharkov pamatangi.
Nokudaro, mukupera kwa1941, STZ yakaramba ndiyo chete inogadzira matangi eT-34. Panguva imwecheteyo, vakaedza kutumira kusunungurwa kwehuwandu hunogoneka hwezvikamu muStalingrad. Simbi yezvombo yakauya kubva kuKrasny Oktyabr plant, mapuranga ezvombo akaiswa welded paStalingrad shipyard (plant No. 264), pfuti dzakapiwa neBarrikady plant. Nokudaro, inenge yakazara kutenderera kwekugadzirwa kwakarongwa muguta. Ndizvo zvakaitikawo muGorky neNizhny Tagil. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mugadziri wega wega akaita shanduko uye kuwedzera kune dhizaini yemotokari zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi hwayo hwetekinoroji, saka, matangi eT-34 kubva muzvirimwa zvakasiyana aive neawo maitiro ehunhu.
Pakazara, 35312 T-34 matangi akagadzirwa panguva ino, kusanganisira 1170 flamethrower. Kune T-34 tafura yekugadzira, iyo inosiyana zvishoma muhuwandu hwematangi anogadzirwa: 1940
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Tangi T-34 yakagadzirwa pahwaro hweruzivo rwepakati A-32 uye yakapinda basa muna Zvita 1939. Dhizaini yemakumi matatu nemana inoisa quantum leap mudzimba uye pasi rose tank chivakwa. Kekutanga, mota organically inosanganisa anti-cannon nhumbi dzokurwa, zvombo zvine simba uye chassis yakavimbika. Projectile zvombo zvinopihwa kwete chete nekushandiswa kweakatenderedzwa mahwendefa ezvombo zvehukobvu hukuru, asiwo nemaitiro avo ane musoro. Panguva imwecheteyo, kubatanidzwa kwemashizha kwaiitwa nenzira yekugadzira welding, iyo panguva yekugadzirwa yakatsiviwa ne otomatiki welding. Tangi yakanga yakashongedzerwa ne76,2 mm L-11 cannon, iyo yakakurumidza kutsiviwa nekanoni ine simba F-32, uyezve F-34. Saka, maererano nezvombo, yaienderana neKV-1 inorema tangi.
