Compression ratio uye octane nhamba yepeturu
Zviri mukati
Compression ratio - self-ignition resistance
Chiyero chemuviri chehuwandu hwehumburumbira panguva iyo piston iri munzvimbo yakafa kusvika kuhuwandu hwekushanda kwekamuri yekupisa kwemukati inoratidzwa nekugadzirisa ratio (CL). Chiratidzo chinotsanangurwa nehuwandu husina dimensionless. Pamadhiraivha epeturu i8–12, padhiziri iri 14–18. Kuwedzera parameter kunowedzera simba, kushanda kweinjini, uye zvakare kunoderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta. Nekudaro, yakakwira CV hunhu hunowedzera njodzi yekuzvibatidza yega yemusanganiswa unopisa pakumanikidza kwakanyanya. Nechikonzero ichi, peturu ine yakakwira inotonhorera indekisi inofanirawo kunge iine yakanyanya kugogodza kuramba - octane nhamba (OC).
Octane - kugogodza kuramba
Kupisa peturu nguva isati yakwana kunoperekedzwa nekugogodza kwehunhu kunokonzerwa nemafungu edetonation mukati mecylinder. Mhedzisiro yakafanana inokonzerwa nekudzikira kwakadzika kwemafuta emafuta kuti azvitsvagire panguva yekumanikidza. Kugogodza kuramba kunoratidzwa nenhamba yeoctane, uye musanganiswa wen-heptane uye isooctane yakasarudzwa sereferensi. Magiredhi ekutengesa peturu ane kukosha kweoctane munharaunda ye70-98, iyo inoenderana nehuwandu hweisooctane mumusanganiswa. Kuti uwedzere iyi parameter, zvakakosha octane-kugadzirisa zvinowedzera zvinounzwa mumusanganiswa - esters, alcohols, uye zvishoma kazhinji heavy metal ethylates. Pane hukama pakati peiyo compression ratio uye mhando yepeturu:
- Panyaya yeCV isingasviki gumi, AI-10 inoshandiswa.
- AI-10 inodiwa paSJ 12–95.
- Kana CV iri 12–14 - AI-98.
- NeCV yakaenzana negumi nemana, iwe uchada AI-14.
Kune yakajairika carbureted injini, iyo SOL ingangoita 11,1. Muchiitiko ichi, OC yakakwana ndeye 95. Zvisinei, methanol inoshandiswa mune mamwe marudzi emujaho wemotokari. Iyo SD mumuenzaniso uyu inosvika gumi nemashanu, uye OC inosiyana kubva pa15 kusvika 109.
Kushandisa low octane peturu
Bhuku remotokari rinoratidza rudzi rweinjini uye mafuta anokurudzirwa. Kushandiswa kwemusanganiswa unopisa neOC yakaderera kunotungamirira kukupisa kusati kwasvika kwehuni uye dzimwe nguva kuparadzwa kwemaitiro emagetsi.
Izvo zvakakoshawo kuti unzwisise kuti ndeipi nzira yekugovera mafuta inoshandiswa. Kune yemuchina (carburetor) mhando, kutevedzera zvinodiwa zveOC uye SJ zvinosungirwa. Muchiitiko che otomatiki kana jekiseni system, iyo air-mafuta musanganiswa inogadziriswa nemagetsi. Musanganiswa we peturu wakazara kana kupera kune inodiwa OCH kukosha, uye injini iri kushanda zvakajairika.
High octane mafuta
AI-92 uye AI-95 ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa mhando. Kana iwe ukazadza tangi, semuenzaniso, ne95th pachinzvimbo cheyakakurudzirwa 92nd, hapazove nekukuvadza kwakakomba. Simba chete richawedzera mukati me2-3%. Kana iwe ukazadza motokari ne92 panzvimbo ye95 kana 98, ipapo kushandiswa kwemafuta kuchawedzera, uye simba richaderera. Mota dzemazuvano dzine jekiseni remagetsi dzinodzora kupihwa kwemusanganiswa unopisa uye okisijeni uye nekudaro kudzivirira injini kubva kune zvisingadiwe.
Tafura ye compression ratio uye octane nhamba
Iko kugogodza kuramba kwemafuta emotokari kune hukama hwakananga neiyo compression ratio, iyo inoratidzwa mutafura pazasi.
| OC | SJ |
| 72 | 6,8-7,0 |
| 76 | 7,2-7,5 |
| 80 | 8,0-9,0 |
| 91 | 9,0 |
| 92 | 9,1-9,2 |
| 93 | 9,3 |
| 95 | 10,5-12 |
| 98 | 12-14 |
| 100 | Zvakawanda kupfuura 14 |
mhedziso
Motokari peturu inoratidzwa nemhando mbiri huru - kugogodza kuramba uye compression ratio. Iyo yakakwirira iyo SO, iyo yakawanda OC inodiwa. Kushandiswa kwemafuta ane yakaderera kana yakakwirira kukosha kwekugogodza kuramba mumotokari dzemazuva ano hazvizokuvadzi injini, asi zvinokanganisa simba uye kushandiswa kwemafuta.
