Spark plugs - ndezvipi uye zvinoshanda sei

Spark plugs

Hapana peturu injini yemoto yemukati inogona kutangwa isina spark plug. Mukuongorora kwedu, isu tichafunga nezvekushandisa kwechikamu ichi, kuti chinoshanda sei uye chii chaunoda kufunga nezvacho paunenge uchisarudza kitsi chitsva chinotsiva.

Chii chinonzi spark plugs

Kenduru chinhu chidiki cheiyo auto kuvesa system. Iyo yakaiswa pamusoro peiri humburumbira. Rimwe gumo rakakwenenzverwa mukati meinjini pachayo, uye tambo ine-yepamusoro-voltage inoiswa pane imwe (kana, mune dzakawanda injini kugadziridzwa, yakaparadzaniswa coil yekuwisira).

Kunyangwe zvikamu izvi zvakabatanidzwa zvakananga mukufamba kweboka repiston, hazvigone kutaurwa kuti ichi ndicho chinhu chakakosha muinjini. Injini haigone kuvambwa pasina zvimwe zvinhu senge pombi yegesi, carburetor, coil yekuvesa, nezvimwe. Asi, iyo plug plug ndeimwe chinongedzo mumushini iyo inobatsira mukushanda kwakatsiga kwesimba remagetsi.

Chii chiri makenduru mumotokari?

Ivo vanopa chin'ai chekubatidza peturu mukamuri yemagetsi yemoto. Chidiki chenhoroondo.

Injini dzekutanga dzemukati dzemoto dzakashongedzwa nemoto wakavhurika. Muna 1902, Robert Bosch akakoka Karl Benz kuti aise dhizaini yake mumota dzake. Chikamu ichi chaive chakada kuita zvakafanana dhizaini uye chakashanda pamusimboti mumwechete nevamwe vazvino. Munhoroondo yese, ivo vakaita shanduko diki mune zvigadzirwa zve conductor uye dielectric.

Dzomoto chivhariso mudziyo

Pakutanga kuona, zvinoita sekunge plug plug (SZ) ine dhizaini yakapusa, asi kutaura zvazviri, dhizaini yacho yakanyanya kuomarara. Ichi chinhu cheinjini kuvesa system ine zvinotevera zvinhu.

• Zano rekubata (1). Iyo yekumusoro chikamu cheSZ, pane iyo yakakwira-voltage waya inoiswa, ichibva kune yekutsiga coil kana munhu. Kazhinji kazhinji, chinhu ichi chinogadzirwa nehutu kumagumo, kwekugadzirisa maererano nerechireso. Kune makenduru ane tambo pane iyo tip.
• Insulator ine yekunze mbabvu (2, 4). Mbabvu dziri pane insulator dzinoumba chipingamupinyi chazvino, chinodzivirira kuparara kubva padanda kusvika pamusoro pechikamu. Iyo yakagadzirwa nealuminium oxide ceramic. Chikwata ichi chinofanira kumira pamusoro pekupisa kusvika pamazana maviri nemazana mashanu (akaumbwa panguva yekupisa peturu) uye panguva imwechete chengetedza dielectric zvivakwa.
• Nyaya (5, 13). Ichi chikamu chesimbi panogadzirwa mbabvu dzekugadzirisa newrench. Tambo inodimburwa pazasi remuviri, iro kenduru rinomisikidzwa mupark plug yemoto. Iyo yemuviri zvinhu zvakakwirira-chiwanikwa simbi, pamusoro payo iri chrome-yakafukidzwa kudzivirira oxidation.
• Tsvimbo yekubata (3). Iyo yepakati elementi iyo inoyerera kubuda kwemagetsi. Yakagadzirwa nesimbi.
• Anodzivisa (6). Mazhinji emazuva ano SZ ane girazi sealant. Inodzvinyirira radio kukanganiswa kunoitika panguva yekuwanikidzwa kwemagetsi. Inoshandawo sechisimbiso chetsvimbo yekubata uye electrode.
• Kuisa chisimbiso washer (7). Ichi chikamu chinogona kunge chiri muchimiro chekoni kana wenguva dzose washer. Muchiitiko chekutanga, ichi chinhu chimwe chete, mune yechipiri, gasket rekuwedzera rinoshandiswa.
• Kupisa kupisa kupisa (8). Inopa kutonhora nekukurumidza kweSZ, ichiwedzera nzvimbo yekupisa. Huwandu hwekabhoni dhipoziti hwakaumbwa pama electrode uye nekugara kwekenduru pachayo zvinoenderana nechinhu ichi.
• Pakati electrode (9). Pakutanga, chikamu ichi chakagadzirwa nesimbi. Nhasi, bimetallic zvinhu zvine inoitisa musimboti yakafukidzwa neyekupisa-inoparadza komputa inoshandiswa.
• Insulator yekupisa koni (10). Inoshandira kutonhora kwepakati electrode. Kureba kwekoni iyi kunokanganisa kupenya kwekenduru (kutonhora kana kudziya).
• Kushanda imba (11). Nzvimbo pakati pemuviri uye insulator koni. Inofambisa nzira yekuvesa peturu. Mumakenduru e "torch", ino kamuri inowedzerwa.
• Chikamu chemagetsi (12). Kubuda kunoitika pakati payo nekona. Maitiro aya akafanana neepasi arc kubuda. Iko kune maSZ ane akati wandei mativi emagetsi.

Mufananidzo wacho unoratidzawo kukosha kwe h. Iri ndiro gwanza remoto. Kupenya kunoitika zviri nyore nepadiki diki pakati pemagetsi. Nekudaro, iyo plug plug inofanirwa kuvesa mweya / musanganiswa wemafuta. Uye izvi zvinoda "fat" spark (inosvika imwe millimeter kureba) uye, nekudaro, hombe mukaha pakati pemagetsi.

Zvizhinji nezve mabhenefiti akafukidzwa mune inotevera vhidhiyo:

Iridium makenduru - zvakakosha here kana kuti kwete?

Kuchengetedza hupenyu hwebhatiri, vamwe vagadziri vanoshandisa hunyanzvi hwekugadzira SZ. Inosanganisira mukugadzira iyo yepakati electrode yakaonda (shoma simba inodiwa kuti ikunde iyo yakawedzera spark spark), asi panguva imwechete kuti isatsva. Kune izvi, chiwanikwa chesimbi inert (senge goridhe, sirivheri, iridium, palladium, platinum) inoshandiswa. Muenzaniso wekenduru rakadaro unoratidzwa mumufananidzo.

Ma spark plug anoshanda sei mumotokari

Kana injini yatanga, yakakwira voltage ikozvino inopihwa kubva kune ignition coil (inogona kuve imwe yemakenduru ese, imwe yemakenduru maviri, kana yega yega SZ). Panguva ino, spark inoumba pakati pe electrode ye spark plug, ichipisa musanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta muhumburumbira.

Mitoro chii

Munguva yekushanda kweinjini, imwe neimwe spark plug inosangana nemitoro yakasiyana, saka inogadzirwa nezvinhu zvinokwanisa kumira mitoro yakadaro kwenguva yakareba.

Thermal loads

Chikamu chinoshanda che spark plug (ese ari maviri emagetsi ayo) ari mukati mehumburumbira. Apo vheji yekutora (kana mavharuvhu, zvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwejini) inotanga, chikamu chitsva chemusanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta chinopinda muhumburumbira. Munguva yechando, tembiricha yayo inogona kuva yakaipa kana pedyo ne zero.

Painjini inopisa, kana VTS ichitsva, tembiricha iri mucylinder inogona kukwira zvakanyanya kusvika 2-3 zviuru madhigirii. Nekuda kwekuchinja kwakapinza uye kwakakomba tembiricha, iyo spark plug maelectrodes anogona kuremara, ayo nekufamba kwenguva anokanganisa gap riri pakati pemagetsi. Mukuwedzera, chikamu chesimbi uye porcelain insulator ine coefficient yakasiyana yekuwedzera kwekushisa. Kuchinja kwakadaro kwakamwe kamwe kunogonawo kuparadza insulator.

Mechanical mitoro

Zvichienderana nerudzi rweinjini, kana musanganiswa wemafuta nemhepo ukabatidzwa, kudzvanywa kwehumburumbira kunogona kushanduka zvakanyanya kubva kune vacuum state (negative pressure inoenderana nemhepo yemuchadenga) kuenda kudzvinyiriro inodarika mhepo yemhepo ne50 kg / sq. cm. . uye pamusoro. Mukuwedzera, kana injini iri kushanda, inogadzira kudengenyeka, iyo inokanganisawo mamiriro emakenduru.

Mishonga yemakemikari

Mazhinji maitiro emakemikari anoitika pakupisa kwakanyanya. Izvi zvakafanana zvinogona kutaurwa nezve maitiro anoitika panguva yekupisa kwekabhoni mafuta. Muchiitiko ichi, huwandu hukuru hwezvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemakemikari zvinobudiswa (nekuda kweizvi, iyo catalytic converter inoshanda - inopinda mumakemikari inopindirana nezvinhu izvi uye inovabvisa). Nokufamba kwenguva, vanoita pane chikamu chesimbi chekenduru, vachigadzira marudzi akasiyana-siyana emasoti pairi.

Mitoro yemagetsi

Kana spark ikaumbwa, yakakwira voltage ikozvino inoiswa kune yepakati electrode. Chaizvoizvo, nhamba iyi ndeye 20-25 zviuru volts. Mune mamwe mayunitsi emagetsi, iwo coil ekubatidza anoburitsa pulse pamusoro peiyi parameter. Kuburitsa kunotora kusvika kuma milliseconds matatu, asi izvi zvakakwana kuti yakakwira voltage ichikanganisa mamiriro eiyo insulator.

Kutsauka kubva pane yakajairika combustion process

Hupenyu hwe Spark plug hunogona kudzikiswa nekuchinja kupisa kwemusanganiswa wemafuta emhepo. Maitiro aya anopesvedzerwa nezvakasiyana siyana, senge yakashata mhando yemafuta, kutanga kana kunonoka kubatidza, nezvimwe. Hezvino zvimwe zvezvinhu zvinopfupisa hupenyu hwema spark plugs.

Misfires

Mhedzisiro iyi inoitika kana musanganiswa wakaonda uchipihwa (pane mweya wakawanda kupfuura iyo mafuta pachayo), kana simba razvino risingakwane rinogadzirwa (izvi zvinoitika nekuda kwekusashanda zvakanaka kweiyo coil yekudzima kana nekuda kwekushata-kwemhando yekuvharira waya dzepamusoro-voltage waya. - vanopaza) kana kana spark gap rikaitika. Kana iyo mota ichitambura nekusashanda uku, madhipoziti anoumba pamagetsi uye insulator.

kudzima moto

Kune mhando mbiri dzekubatidza kupenya: nguva isati yakwana uye inonokerwa. Muchiitiko chekutanga, moto unopisa piston isati yasvika panzvimbo yepamusoro yakafa (pane kuwedzera kwekupisa nguva). Panguva ino, motokari inopisa kwazvo, izvo zvinotungamirira kukuwedzera kukuru kweUOC.

Izvi zvinotungamirira kune chokwadi chokuti musanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta unogona kungoerekana wapisa painopinda muhumburumbira (inopisa nekuda kwezvikamu zvinopisa zveboka re-cylinder-piston). Kana pre-ignition ikaitika, mavharuvhu, pistons, cylinder head gaskets uye piston mhete zvinogona kukuvadzwa. Kana iri kukanganisa kwekenduru, munyaya iyi insulator kana electrodes inogona kunyunguduka.

Kusungwa

Iyi inzira inoitikawo nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya mucylinder uye yakaderera octane nhamba yemafuta. Munguva ye detonation, iyo ichiri isina kudzvanywa VTS inotanga kubatidza kubva kune inopisa chikamu muchikamu checylinder kure kure nepiston yekupinda. Iyi nzira inoperekedzwa nekupisa kwakapinza kwemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa. Simba rakaburitswa hariparadzire kubva pamusoro webhuroko, asi kubva papiston kuenda kumusoro nekumhanya kunopfuura kumhanya kwekunzwika.

Nekuda kwedetonation, silinda inopisa zvakanyanya muchikamu chimwe, mapistoni, mavharuvhu uye makenduru pachawo anopisa. Uyezve, kenduru iri pasi pekuwedzera kudzvinyirira. Nekuda kwekuita kwakadai, iyo SZ insulator inogona kuputika kana chikamu chayo chinogona kubvaruka. ma electrode pachawo anogona kupisa kana kunyungudika.

Injini detonation inotemerwa nehunhu simbi inogogodza. Uyewo, utsi hutema hunogona kuoneka kubva papombi yekupedza, injini inotanga kushandisa mafuta akawanda, uye simba rayo richava shoma. Kuti uone panguva yakakodzera yeiyi inokuvadza mhedzisiro, inogogodza sensor inoiswa mumainjini emazuva ano.

Diesel

Kunyange zvazvo dambudziko iri risingaenderane nekushanda kwakashata kwe spark plugs, rinoramba richivabata, richizviisa pasi pekunetseka kwakawanda. Diesling ndiko kuzvibatidza kwepeturu kana injini yadzimwa. Izvi zvinoitika nekuda kwekusangana kwemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa nezvikamu zvinopisa injini.

Mhedzisiro iyi inongowanikwa mune iwo masimba emagetsi umo iyo mafuta system hairegi kushanda kana kudzimwa kwakadzimwa - mune carburetor mukati memoto injini. Apo mutyairi anodzima injini, mapistoni anoramba achiyamwa mumhepo-mafuta musanganiswa nekuda kweinertia, uye mechanical mafuta pombi hairegi kupiwa kwepeturu kune carburetor.

Diesling inoumbwa payakanyanya kuderera injini kumhanya, iyo inoperekedzwa nekusagadzikana kweinjini kushanda. Izvi zvinomira kana zvikamu zvecylinder-piston boka zvisingatonhore zvakakwana. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, izvi zvinotora masekonzi akati wandei.

Carbon inoisa pane kenduru

Mhando yesoti pamakenduru inogona kunge yakasiyana zvikuru. Inogona kugadzirisa mamwe matambudziko neinjini. Solid carbon deposits inoonekwa pamusoro pema electrode apo tembiricha yemusanganiswa unopisa inodarika 200 degrees.

Kana pane zvakawanda zvesoti pamakenduru, kazhinji zvinokanganisa kushanda kweSZ. Dambudziko rinogona kugadziriswa nekuchenesa spark plug. Asi kuchenesa hakubvisi chikonzero chekuumbwa kwechisikigo soot, saka zvikonzero izvi zvinofanira kubviswa zvakadaro. Makenduru emazuva ano akagadzirwa kuitira kuti azvichenese kubva kune soot.

Candle resource

Hupenyu hwekushanda hwe spark plugs haubvi pane chimwe chinhu. Iyo SZ yekutsiva nguva inobatwa ne:

• Zvinhu izvo ma electrode anogadzirwa;
• Operating conditions;
• Zvinoumba injini;
• Nhamba yemaawa emotokari.

Kana iwe ukatora classic nickel makenduru, saka kazhinji ivo vanochengeta anosvika 15 makiromita. Kana motokari ichishandiswa muguta guru, nhamba iyi ichave yakaderera, nokuti kunyange motokari isingatyairi, asi kana iri mumugwagwa wemotokari kana toffee, motokari inoramba ichishanda. Multi-electrode analogues anotora kanenge kaviri kureba.

Pakuisa makenduru ane iridium kana platinum electrodes, sezvinoratidzwa nevagadziri vezvigadzirwa izvi, vanogona kufamba kusvika kumakiromita zviuru makumi mapfumbamwe. Ehe, kuita kwavo kunokanganisawo nehunyanzvi mamiriro emota. Mazhinji masevhisi emotokari anokurudzira kutsiva spark plugs ega ega zviuru makumi matatu zvemakiromita (sechikamu chesekondi yega yega yakarongwa kugadzirisa).

Mhando dzemapulagi plugs

Iwo makuru parameter ayo ese SZ anosiyana:

1. nhamba yemagetsi;
2. central electrode zvinhu;
3. kupenya nhamba;
4. saizi yemhosva.

Chekutanga, makenduru haana kuroorwa-electrode (yakasarudzika neimwe electrode "pasi") uye akawanda-electrode (panogona kuve maviri, matatu kana mana mativi zvinhu). Sarudzo yechipiri ine chishandiso chakareba, nekuti spark inoratidzika zvisingaoneki pakati peimwe yezvinhu uye musimboti. Vamwe vanotya kuwana nadzurudzo yakadaro, vachifunga kuti mune iyi nyaya spark ichagoverwa pakati pezvinhu zvese uye nekudaro ichave yakatetepa. Muchokwadi, iyo yazvino inogara ichitevera nzira yekushomeka. Naizvozvo, iyo arc ichave imwechete uye ukobvu hwayo hazvienderane nenhamba yemagetsi. Asi, kuvepo kwezvinhu zvakati wandei kunowedzera kuvimbika kwekubaka kana imwe yeanofambidzana ikatsva.

Chechipiri, sezvatatoona, ukobvu hwesimba remagetsi hunokanganisa hunhu hwemoto. Zvisinei, simbi yakatetepa inotsva nekukurumidza painopisa. Kubvisa dambudziko iri, vagadziri vakagadzira mhando nyowani yemapulagi ane platinamu kana iridium musimboti. Ukobvu hwayo hunosvika mamirimita 0,5. Iko kupisa mumakenduru akadaro kune simba zvekuti kabhoni dhipoziti haigone kuumbwa mavari.

Chechitatu, ipulagi plug inoshanda zvakanaka chete nekupisa kwema electrode (iyo yakakwana tembiricha renji iri kubva pamazana mana kusvika mazana mapfumbamwe emadhigirii). Kana ivo vachitonhora zvakanyanya, kabhoni deposits ichaumba pamusoro pavo. Kunyanyisa tembiricha kunotungamira mukumonyoroka kweiyo insulator, uye mune yakaipisisa kesi, kupenya kuvesa (kana musanganiswa wemafuta wakabatidzwa netembiricha ye electrode, uyezve tarisiro yemoto). Zvekutanga mune yekutanga uye mune yechipiri kesi, izvi zvinokanganisa mota yese.

Iyo yakakwira iyo inopenya nhamba, iyo shoma SZ inozopisa. Shanduko dzakadai dzinodaidzwa kuti "kutonhora" makenduru, uye nechiratidzo chakaderera - "chinopisa". In zvavo mota, akaisirwa modhi dzine avhareji chiratidzo. Midziyo yeindasitiri inowanzo shanda nekumhanyisa kumhanyisa, saka inoshongedzerwa nemaputi "anopisa" asingatonhore pasi nekukurumidza. Injini dzemitambo dzemitambo dzinowanzo mhanya pakakwirira revs, saka kune njodzi yekupisa kwema electrode. Muchiitiko ichi, "kutonhora" kugadzirisa kunoiswa.

Chechina, ese SZ akasiyana muhukuru hwechiso chekiyi (16, 19, 22 uye 24 mamirimita), pamwe nehurefu uye dhayamita yetambo. Iwe unogona kutsvaga kuti ndeipi saizi plug plug inokodzera imwe injini mune muridzi bhuku remuridzi.

Iwo makuru parameter echikamu ichi anokurukurwa muvhidhiyo:

Zvamunoda kuziva nezve spark plugs

Chichatara uye basa basa

Chikamu chega chega chakanyorwa neceramic insulator kuti ione kana ichizokwana mota yakapihwa kana kwete. Heino muenzaniso weimwe yesarudzo:

A - U 17 D V R M 10

Chinzvimbo chekumaka	Symbol Value	tsananguro
1	Thread mhando	A - shinda М14х1,25 М - shinda М18х1,5 Т - shinda М10х1
2	Tsigira pamusoro	K - conical washer - - gorofa pesher ine gasket
3	Kuvaka	М - diki-saizi spark plug У - yakaderedzwa hexagon
4	Kupisa nhamba	2 - iyo "inopisa" 31 - iyo "inotonhora kwazvo"
5	Threaded kureba (mm)	N - 11 D - 19 - - 12
6	Heat koni maficha	B - inobuda kubva mumuviri - - yakadzika mukati memuviri
7	Kuwanika kwegirazi chisimbiso	P - ine resistor - - pasina kupikisa
8	Core zvinhu	M - mhangura - - simbi
9	Ndiwedzere serial nhamba

Imwe neimwe inogadzira inoisa yega nguva yayo yekutsiva spark plugs. Semuenzaniso, yakajairwa imwe-electrode spark plug inofanirwa kuchinjwa kana mileage isiri kupfuura zviuru makumi matatu. Ichi chinhu chinoenderanawo nechiratidzo cheinjini maawa (maverengero ainoita anotsanangurwa uchishandisa muenzaniso mafuta emota anochinja). Dzinodhura zvakanyanya (platinamu uye iridium) dzinofanirwa kuchinjiswa kanokwana kuita makiromita zviuru makumi mapfumbamwe

Hupenyu hwebasa reSZ zvinoenderana nehunhu hwezvinhu zvavakagadzirwa, pamwe nemamiriro ekushanda. Semuenzaniso, kabhoni inoiswa pama electrode inogona kuratidza kusashanda kwemafuta (kupa musanganiswa wakawandisa), uye chena maruva kunoratidza kusanzwisisika pakati penhamba inopenya yepark plug kana kupisa kwekutanga.

Iko kudiwa kwekutarisa spark plugs kunogona kumuka mune inotevera kesi:

• kana iyo yekuwedzera yekumhanyisa ichimanikidzwa zvakanyanya, mota inopindura nekunonoka kunooneka;
• yakaoma kutanga kweinjini (semuenzaniso, pane izvi iwe unofanirwa kudzora iyo yekutanga);
• kuderera kwemagetsi emagetsi;
• kuwedzera kukuru mukushandisa kwemafuta;
• anovhenekera cheki injini pane dashboard;
• yakaoma kutanga kweinjini muchando;
• kusagadzikana idling (mota "troit").

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti izvi zvinhu zvinoratidza kwete chete kusashanda kwemakenduru. Usati waenderera mberi nekutsiva kwavo, unofanirwa kutarisa mamiriro avo. Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza kuti ndechipi chinjinjini chinoda kutariswa mune imwe neimwe nyaya.

Maitiro ekutarisa kuti makenduru ari kushanda nemazvo

Muchiitiko chekushanda kusina kururama kwechikwata chemagetsi, kutanga kune zvose, zvakakosha kubhadhara kune zvinhu zviri pasi pekugadziriswa kwakarongwa. Pane nzira dzinoverengeka dzekutarisa kuita kwe spark plugs.

Rimwe simba radzima

Vatyairi vazhinji vanochinjana kubvisa waya mumakenduru painjini yagara ichimhanya. Munguva yenguva dzose yekushanda kwezvinhu izvi, kubvisa iyo yakakwirira-voltage waya ichakurumidza kukanganisa kushanda kwemotokari - inotanga kuzununguka (nekuti silinda imwe yakamira kushanda). Kana kubviswa kweimwe yewaya kusina kukanganisa kushanda kwechikwata chemagetsi, saka kenduru iyi haishande. Paunenge uchishandisa nzira iyi, iyo coil yekudzima inogona kukuvadzwa (nokuda kwekushanda kwakasimba, inofanira kugara ichiburitswa, uye kana ikabviswa kubva kenduru, kubuda hakuitiki, saka coil yega inogona kubaiwa).

"Spark" cheki

Iyi inzira isingakuvadzi yekudzima coil, kunyanya kana iri yega (inosanganisirwa mukugadzira mwenje). Chinokosha chekuedza kwakadaro ndechokuti kenduru haina kuvharwa pane injini isina basa. Waya yakakwirira inoiswa pairi. Zvadaro, kenduru inofanira kuiswa pavhavhavhavhavhavha.

Tiri kuedza kutanga injini. Kana kenduru iri kushanda, spark yakajeka ichaonekwa pakati pe electrodes. Kana iyo isingakoshi, saka iwe unofanirwa kushandura waya yakakwira-voltage (kudonha kunogona kuitika nekuda kwekutadza kuvharira).

Tarisa ne tester

Kuti uite maitiro aya, iwe uchada spark piezoelectric probe kana tester. Unogona kuzvitenga muchitoro chezvikamu zvemotokari. Motokari yakadzimwa. Panzvimbo pechigadziko chemwenje we-high-voltage waya, iyo muromo weiyo flexible connector ye tester inoiswa pamakenduru. Iyo chitubu-yakatakura probe probe inotsikirirwa zvine simba pamusoro pevhavha yevhavha yevhavha (motor pasi).

Tevere, bhatani rekuyedza rinodzvanywa kakawanda. Panguva imwecheteyo, mwenje wechiratidzo unofanirwa kuvhenekera, uye spark inoputika inofanira kuoneka pakenduru. Kana pasina chiedza chinouya, ipapo spark plug haisi kushanda.

Chii chinoitika kana spark plugs dzikasachinjwa nenguva?

Ehe, kana mutyairi asingatarise mamiriro e spark plugs, mota haigamuchire kukuvara kwakanyanya. Migumisiro ichauya gare gare. Mhedzisiro inowanzoitika yeiyi mamiriro ndiko kutadza kweinjini kutanga. Chikonzero ndechekuti iyo iginition system pachayo inogona kushanda nemazvo, bhatiri rakazara, uye makenduru haapi simba rakakwana (semuenzaniso, nekuda kwedhipoziti hombe), kana kusaagadzira zvachose.

Kuti udzivise izvi, unofanirwa kuterera kune zvisina kunanga zviratidzo zvinoratidza matambudziko nemakenduru:

1. Motokari yakatanga kufamba-famba (inozununguka isina basa kana ichityaira);
2. Injini yakatanga kutanga zvisina kunaka, makenduru anogara akazara nemvura;
3. Mafuta anoshandiswa awedzera;
4. Utsi hwakakora hunobva mukupopota nekuda kwehuni isingatsvage zvakanaka;
5. Mota yakabva yaita shoma.

Kana mutyairi akadzikama zvinoshamisa pamberi pezviratidzo izvi zvose, uye achiramba achishanda motokari yake nenzira imwechete, migumisiro yakakomba ichakurumidza kuonekwa - kusvika pakukundikana kwemotokari.

Imwe yemigumisiro isingafadzi ndeyekudzokororwa kazhinji mumasilinda (apo musanganiswa wemafuta emhepo ukasapisa zvakanaka, asi unoputika zvakanyanya) Kuregeredza ruzha rwakasiyana rwesimbi injini ichimhanya kuchaita kuti hutsi hutema hunobva papombi yekupopota, iyo inoputika. inoratidza kutadza kweinjini.

Spark Plug Malfunctions

Kukundikana kwe spark plugs kunoratidzwa nekusavapo kwakakwana kana kusakwana kwekupisa mune imwe kana kupfuura cylinders. Iwe haugone kuvhiringidza chiitiko ichi nechero chinhu - kana kenduru imwe kana maviri ikasashanda kamwechete, injini haingatangi kana kushanda isina kugadzikana zvakanyanya (icha "hotsira" uye kuzununguka).

Spark plugs haina chero nzira kana huwandu hukuru hwezvinhu, saka kusashanda kwavo kukuru kutsemuka kana machipisi mune insulator kana deformation yemagetsi (mugero uri pakati pavo wakanyungudika kana kuchinja). Makenduru achashanda zvisina kugadzikana kana soot yaungana paari.

Nzira yekutarisira makenduru munguva yechando?

Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinokurudzira kuisa makenduru matsva echando, kunyange kana yekare ichiri kushanda zvakanaka. Chikonzero ndechekuti kana uchitanga injini yakamira husiku hwese muchitonhora, tembiricha yepfundepfunde isina simba haizokwani kuti ibatidze mafuta anotonhora. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti makenduru agadzirise girizi sparks. Pakupera kwenguva yechando, zvichave zvichibvira kuisa yekare SZ.

Uyezve, panguva yekushanda kwemichina munguva yechando, carbon deposits inogona kuumba pamakenduru, iyo yakakura kudarika panguva yekushanda kwemamwe makenduru mumwaka mitatu yakasara. Izvi zvinoitika mukati menzendo pfupi muchitonhora. Mune iyi modhi, injini haidziye zvakanaka, ndosaka makenduru asingakwanisi kuzvichenesa kubva kune soot ega. Kuti uite izvi, injini inofanira kutanga yaunzwa kune tembiricha yekushandisa, uye yobva yatyairwa nekumhanya kwakanyanya.

Nzira yekusarudza sei plugi?

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu inoenderana nekwaniso yemari yemutyairi. Nekudaro, kana iko kuvesa uye masisitimu ekugovera mafuta akagadziriswa nenzira kwayo, akajairika mapulagi anochinja chete nekuti mugadziri anoda kudaro.

Sarudzo yakanakisa ndeyekutenga mapulagi anokurudzirwa nemugadziri weinjini. Kana iyi paramende isina kutaurwa, saka mune ino kesi imwe inofanirwa kutungamirwa nehukuru hwekenduru uye paramende yenhamba inopenya.

Vamwe vatyairi vane masheya maviri emakenduru kamwechete (nguva yechando uye zhizha). Kutyaira kwemamafupi mafambiro uye nepasi revs kunoda kumisikidzwa kwe "kupisa" kuchinjisa (kazhinji kazhinji mamiriro akadaro anoitika munguva yechando). Marefu-marefu nzendo pakakwirira revs, pane zvinopesana, zvinoda kuiswa kwe "kutonhora" analogs.

Chinhu chakakosha pakusarudza SZ ndiye mugadziri. Mabhiza anotungamira anotora mari kune zvinopfuura zita chete (sevamwe vatyairi vanotenda zvisirizvo). Makenduru kubva kune vagadziri vakadai saBosch, Champion, NGK, nezvimwewo vane zviwanikwa zvakawedzera, vanoshandisa inert simbi alloys uye vanodzivirirwa zvakanyanya kubva kune oxidation.

Kugadziriswa kwakakodzera kwemafuta emagetsi pamwe nemabatiro emagetsi zvinowedzera zvakanyanya hupenyu hwemapulagi uye nekuona kugadzikana kweinjini yemoto yemukati.

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve basa reparaki plugs uye ndeupi mushanduro uri nani, ona vhidhiyo:

Vhidhiyo pamusoro wenyaya

Heino vhidhiyo pfupi yezvikanganiso zvakajairika pakusarudza nyowani spark plugs:

5 kukanganisa pakusarudza spark plugs

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Kenduru iri mumotokari ndeyei? Icho chinhu cheiyo ignition system ine basa rekudzima mweya / mafuta musanganiswa. Iyo spark plugs inoshandiswa muinjini dzinomhanya papeturu kana gasi.

Kenduru yakaiswa papi mumotokari? Iyo yakakwenenzverwa mu spark plug zvakanaka iri muhumburumbira musoro. Somugumisiro, electrode yayo iri mukamuri inopisa ye cylinder.

Unoziva sei kana yave nguva yekuchinja ma spark plugs ako? Zvakaoma kutanga injini; simba rechikwata chemagetsi radonha; kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta; "Pensiveness" neanopinza press pamusoro pegasi; kukanganisa injini.