Brake pad bvunzo - maitiro avo anotemwa sei?
Zviri mukati
Kuchengetedzeka kwemutyairi nevafambi kunoenderana nekushanda uye kuvimbika kweakawanda masisitimu emotokari uye, chekutanga, pane brake system. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinotarisa kushanda kwebasa rayo kunaka kwemabrake pads.
Zviri mukati
- 1 Zvinhu zvakakosha pakusarudza mabhureki pads
- 2 Kusarudzwa kwemapedhi zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekuita
- 3 Nzira yekuedza mapedhi ekutyaira
- 4 Mhinduro dzebvunzo dzemapads kubva kune vakasiyana vagadziri
- 5 Mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kwema laboratori
Zvinhu zvakakosha pakusarudza mabhureki pads
Hunhu hwemabhureki pads hunotemerwa zvakanyanya nemugadziri anoagadzira. Nokudaro, usati wazvitenga (zvisinei nokuti ndezvipi motokari - motokari dzepamba kana dzekunze), unofanirwa kubhadhara kune zvinotevera zvakasarudzwa zvekusarudza.
Kutanga kwechigadzirwa ndicho chekutanga chazvo. Ichi chinhu chakakosha zvikuru. Haisi chakavanzika kuti musika weauto zvikamu unozadzwa chaizvo nema fakes akawanda. Uye zvakare, pane imwe mutsauko pakati pezvigadzirwa zvemugadziri mumwe chete: musika unopa ekutanga masipire anogadzirwa kune mutsara wegungano unounganidzwa mota, uye panguva imwechete kune ekutanga masipire agadzirwa zvakananga kutengeswa muholesale. uye retail network.
Hazvina musoro kufunga mapedhi akagadzirirwa mutakuri, sezvo achidhura uye asingawanzo kuwanikwa pamusika - chikamu chehuwandu hwavo muhuwandu hwehuwandu hwechigadzirwa ichi, sekutonga, haipfuuri 10%. Zvigadzirwa zvekutanga zvinotengeswa zvinogona kuwanikwa kakawanda, uye mutengo wavo uri 30-70% yemutengo wekutakura. Kune zvakare mapedhi akanyanya kuderera mumhando kune iwo ekutanga, asi anogadzirwa pafekitori imwechete pamwe chete nawo. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvakanangana nevatengi vakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira vanobva kunyika dzichiri kusimukira. Mutengo wemapadhi aya ndeye 20-30% yemutengo wepakutanga.
Kusarudzwa kwemapedhi zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekuita
Icho chinotevera chakajairika chimiro chekusarudzwa kwepadhi kuita. Nokuda kwekushandiswa kunoshanda kwezvisara izvi pamotokari, nguva ino ndiyo inonyanya kukosha. Panguva imwecheteyo, ichi chinhu chaicho chega, sezvo vatyairi vachiri vakasiyana uye, maererano, maitiro avo ekutyaira akasiyana. Nokudaro, munyaya iyi, hazvichakoshi kuti ndiani anotyaira motokari ipi, chinhu chikuru ndechokuti anozviita sei. Ndokusaka vagadziri vepadhi, sekutonga, pakuratidzwa kwechigadzirwa chavo chitsva kana mune tsananguro yacho, vanopa kurudziro yakakodzera maererano nekusarudzwa kweimwe kana imwe yemhando dzayo. Pane mapedhi anokurudzirwa kune:
- vatyairi vane maitiro makuru ekutyaira ari emitambo;
- kazhinji kushandiswa kwemotokari munzvimbo dzine makomo;
- kushanda zvine mwero kwemuchina muguta.
Vasati vaita kurudziro yakadaro, vagadziri vanoitisa bvunzo, pahwaro hwekuti mhedziso inoitwa nezvekuita kwemapads.
Kuti unzwisise kuti ndeupi rudzi rwechigadzirwa chinopihwa kutengeswa, unofanirwa kutarisisa kurongedza kwayo. Mukugadzirisa nyaya iyi, iwe unofanirwa kuvimba neziso rako rakadzikama kana kusarudza imwe spare pamwe chete nenyanzvi (tenzi) inobatanidzwa mukuchengetedza mota yaunoda kuisa mabhureki pads. Paunenge uchivasarudza, unofanirwa kutarisisa kune nyika uye gore rekugadzira, mabheji anosimbisa chitupa chechigadzirwa, dhizaini yepakiti, zvinyorwa pairi (kunyangwe mitsara, kuperetera kwakaringana, kudhindwa kwakajeka uye kunyoreka), se. pamwe nekutendeseka kwebhureki padhi pachayo (hapana kuputika, bulges) , machipisi, snug fit of the lining of the friction material to the metal base).
Nzira yekuedza mapedhi ekutyaira
Kuitisa bvunzo yekufananidza, seti yega yega yekumhanya-mumabhureki pads inoiswa kune 4 bvunzo pane dzakakosha stand. Kutanga, kuputika kwemotokari kunowedzera kusvika ku100 km / h kunofananidzwa. Muedzo uyu ndiwo wakakosha. Inobatsira kuona iyo coefficient of friction ye disc-pad pair yemabhureki anotonhora (kusvika ku50 ° C). Iyo yakakwirira iyo coefficient yakawanikwa, iyo yakakwirira iyo frictional parameters ye block, zvichiteerana.
Asi mabhureki, kana akashandiswa zvakanyanya, dzimwe nguva anogona kupisa kusvika 300 ° C kana kupfuura. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kune vatyairi vanoshanda zvakanyanya, kazhinji uye zvakanyanya kubhureki kubva pakumhanya kukuru. Kuti uone kana mapedhi anogona kumira iyi nzira yekushanda, muedzo "unopisa" unoitwa mushure mekuedza "kutonhora". Iyo dhisiki uye mapedhi zvinopiswa nekuenderera mberi braking kusvika kune tembiricha ye250 ° C (iyo dhigirii yekudziya inodzorwa uchishandisa thermocouple, iyo inosimwa yakanangana mune friction zvinhu zveimwe pads). Wobva waita kudzora mabhureki kubva pakumhanya kwakafanana kwe100 km / h.
Muedzo wechitatu wakatonyanya kuoma. Munguva iyo, kudzokorora-cyclic braking inofananidzwa mumamiriro ekufambisa mumugwagwa wegomo. Muedzo uyu unosanganisira makumi mashanu ekudzikisira kubva pa50 km/h kusvika pa100 km/h aine 50 sekondi kuzorora kuti apenye bvunzo stand flywheel. Mhedzisiro ye45 (yekupedzisira) braking ndeyekunyanya kufarira - kunyangwe kumwe kutonhora kwemapadhi panguva yekutenderera kweiyo flywheel, ne50th braking cycle, tembiricha yevazhinji vacho i50 ° C.
Muedzo wekupedzisira unonziwo kudzoreredza bvunzo - inotariswa kuti "kudziya" mabhureki mapedhi anokwanisa sei kuchengetedza kuita mushure mekutonhodza. Kuti uzive, mushure mekuedzwa kwe "gomo", mabhureki anotonhodzwa kune ambient (test) tembiricha, uye nenzira yechisikigo (kwete zvekumanikidza). Zvadaro kudzora braking kunoitwa zvakare mushure mekukurumidza kusvika ku100 km / h.
Zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yemuyedzo kune yega yega seti yemapadhi, 4 kukosha kweiyo friction coefficient inowanikwa - imwe pabvunzo yega yega. Uye zvakare, pakupera kwega yega yega bvunzo kutenderera, ukobvu hwemucheka weiyo friction zvinhu zvinoyerwa - nekudaro kuunganidza ruzivo rwekupfeka.
Mhinduro dzebvunzo dzemapads kubva kune vakasiyana vagadziri
Kune akawanda evagadziri vemapadhi emota, uye mutengo wezvakasiyana zvigadzirwa wakakura, saka zviri nani kuti uone kuti ndeupi wavo angave akanakisa pasina kuedza iwo mukudzidzira kana kuayedza. Pazasi pane mhedzisiro yekuedzwa kwakaitwa nechitoro chekuyedza chemugadziri wemotokari yepamba AvtoVAZ nekutora chikamu cheCentre for Independent Expertise uye Autoreview magazini. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti pamapedhi akaiswa pamotokari dzeVAZ, hunyanzvi hwekuita TU 38.114297-87 hunoshandiswa, zvichienderana nekuti iyo yakaderera muganho weiyo friction coefficient padanho re "kutonhora" bvunzo ndeye 0,33, uye "inopisa" - 0,3. Pakupera kwemiedzo, kupfeka kwepads kwakaverengerwa sechikamu.
Semienzaniso iyo bvunzo yakaitwa nayo, mapadhi kubva kune vakasiyana vagadziri (kusanganisira maRussia) uye akasiyana emitengo akatorwa. Vamwe vavo vakaedzwa kwete chete nedhisiki yekuzvarwa, asiwo neVAZ imwe. Zvigadzirwa kubva kune vanotevera vagadziri zvakaedzwa:
- Credits: DAfmi, Trans Master;
- Germany: ATE, Bosch;
- UK: Ferodo, AP Lockheed, Lucas, QH;
- Denmark: Roulunds;
- Italy: Samko;
- Hungary: Rona;
- Russia: VATI, EZATI, Polyhedron, TIIR, STS;
- hazvizivikanwe: Best.
Iwo masampuli akatengwa kubva kune retail network uye data pane vagadziri vavo inotorwa chete kubva pamapakeji.
Mabhureki pad test yakaratidza zvinotevera. Iwo akanakisa kutonhora bvunzo zvibodzwa zvakabva kuQH, Samko, ATE, Roulunds uye Lucas. Migumisiro yavo yakanga yakafanana: 0,63; 0,60; 0,58; 0,55 uye 0,53. Uyezve, kune ATE neQH, kukosha kwepamusoro kweiyo friction coefficient yakawanikwa kwete neyekuzvarwa, asi neVAZ disks.
Mhedzisiro yekuyedzwa kwe "hot braking" yaive isingatarisirwi. Munguva iyi bvunzo, Roulunds (0,44) uye ATE (0,47) yakaita zvakanaka. Hungarian Rona, semuyedzo yapfuura, akapa coefficient ye0,45.
Maererano nemigumisiro ye "gomo remhepo", maRona pads (0,44) akazova akanakisisa, achienderera mberi nekuchengetedza nzvimbo yekugadzikana, uye, iyo inokoshawo, inopisa kusvika kune yakaderera tembiricha ye230 ° chete. C. Zvigadzirwa zveQH zvine friction coefficient ye0,43, uye panguva ino ine yavo, madhisiki ekuzvarwa.
Panguva yekuedzwa kwekupedzisira Mapadhi eItaly Samko (0,60) akazviratidza zvakare mu "cooled braking", akatonhorera pasi uye akakwira kumusoro zviratidzo zveRona pad (0,52), chigadzirwa chakanakisisa chaiva QH (0,65).
Mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kwema laboratori
Zvinoenderana neyekupedzisira pad kupfeka, zvigadzirwa zvisingapfekere zvakanyanya zvaive Bosch (1,7%) uye Trans Master (1,5%). Zvinoshamisa sezvingaite senge, vatungamiriri vebvunzo dzakaitwa vaive ATE (2,7% ine VAZ disk uye 5,7% ine yekuzvarwa) uye QH (2,9% neakaberekerwa, asi 4,0 % - neVAZ).
Maererano nekuongororwa kwe laboratori, mapepa akanakisa anogona kunzi zvigadzirwa zve ATE neQH brands, izvo zvinonyatsoenderana neiyo huru yekusarudza chiyero - yemhando-yemutengo wechiyero. Panguva imwecheteyo, munhu haagone kufuratira chokwadi chekuti ATE pads akashandiswa zviri nani neVAZ disk, uye QH - ine dhisiki rekuzvarwa. Zvakanakisa, Trans Master, Rona, Roulunds uye STS yakaziviswa yakagadzikana yakanaka mhando. Mhedzisiro yakanaka yese yakapihwa neEZATI, VATI, kusvika pamwero wakati - DAfmi naLucas. Iyo Polyhedron neAP Lockheed mhando pads zvaingoodza moyo.
