Vepamusoro gumi vanogadzira fetereza pasi rose

Fetereza chikamu chakakosha chemaitiro ese ekurima. Ungave uchida kuwedzera goho kana kuwedzera kubereka, mafetireza anoita basa rakakosha risingagoni kurambwa chero muripo. Kushandiswa kwakakodzera kwemafetereza muchikamu chakakodzera kunogona kuwedzera kubereka, zvichipa mhedzisiro inoshamisa.

Kunyange hazvo pasi rose kuine makambani efotereza akawanda anoona kuti zvinodiwa nevarimi zvazadzikiswa, vashoma vanogona kuvimbwa navo. Ngatitarisei nekukurumidza makambani efotereza epamusoro-soro pasi rose muna 2022.

10. SAFCO

Yakavambwa muna 1965 muSaudi Arabia neSAFCO, Kambani yeSaudi Arabia Fertilizer ine mutsauko wekuve kambani yekutanga petrochemical munyika. Yakavhurwa semubatanidzwa pakati pevagari vemunyika nehurumende yenyika yekuvandudza kugadzirwa kwechikafu nemari yakafanana. Panguva iyoyo, yakaita budiriro uye munguva pfupi yapfuura yakazvisimbisa seimwe yemakambani akanakisa fetereza munyika. Vanovimbisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa pamwe nekugutsikana kwevatengi uye kubatanidzwa kwevatori vechikamu.

9. K+S

K + S AG, yaimbova Kali uye Salz GmbH, ikambani yemakemikari yeGerman inotungamirwa muKassel. Pamusoro pefetereza yemakemikari uye mutengesi mukurusa wepotassium, iriwo imwe yenzvimbo dzinogadzira munyu mukuru pasi rose. Ichishanda muEurope nekuAmerica, K+S AG inogadzira nekugovera akati wandei mamwe mamineral akakosha senge magnesium nesarufa, pasi rose. Yakavambwa muna 1889, kambani iyi yakatora nekubatanidza nemakambani madiki akawanda efetereza nekudaro ikava chikamu chikuru uye kambani huru inotengesa mufetereza yakakosha nemakemikari.

8. KF Industries

Kweanoda kusvika makore makumi manomwe, indasitiri yeCF haina kusiya dombo rekuratidza kukosha kwayo nekupa mamwe emhando yepamusoro makemikari nefetereza yekuvandudza kugadzirwa uye kuita kwechigadzirwa. Zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, ingave nitrogen, potashi kana phosphorus, kambani inozvitengesa zvese nebasa rinoyemurika. Vanhu vakawana kuvimba uye kuvimbika mumafetereza avo nemakemikari nekuda kwemhando yavo yakanaka uye mhedzisiro yepamusoro. Ivo vane runyorwa rurefu rwezvigadzirwa zvekurima uye maindasitiri ekushandisa izvo zvakayedzwa zvakanaka uye zvinoita zvakanaka.

7. BASF

Pasi pechirevo chekuti "Tinogadzira chemistry", BASF yave imwe yemakambani anovimbisa fetereza nemakemikari akachengetedza mhando uye kugona mune zvese zvigadzirwa. Vanopa huwandu hwakasiyana hwekudya kwepuraimari, sekondari nepamusoro pamwe nemishonga yakakosha inodiwa kusimudzira goho. Vanoona zvakare kuti zvigadzirwa zvine hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvinogara. Pamusoro pemakemikari, ivo vanopawo masevhisi avo mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzine chekuita nekurima. Zvigadzirwa zveBASF zvehorticultural zvakare zvakavimbika uye zvinounza mhando yakanaka uye kubudirira kwepamusoro. Pamwe chete nokudyisa zvirimwa, vanoshandawo kudyisa mhuka.

6. PJSC Uralkali

Kambani yefotereza yePJSC Uralkali yakabva kuRussia uye yatora danho repamusoro zvichienzaniswa nemamwe makambani ese ari kushanda munyika iyi. Ndiyo imwe yevatengesi vakuru uye vatengesi vefetereza nemakemikari munzvimbo dzakakosha dzepasirese. Misika mikuru inopihwa nefetereza yekambani iyi inosanganisira Brazil, India, China, Southeast Asia, Russia, United States neEurope. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, yakave imwe yemaindasitiri akakosha, inopa chigadzirwa chemhando yepamusoro uye nekudaro yakakwanisa kuwana mufananidzo wakakosha mumusika. Potash ores uye matura avo anoita kuti ive yechipiri pakukura pasirese munzvimbo inoenderana.

5. Mishonga yeIsrael

Kambani yepasirese inogadzira makemikari inogadzira zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, zvinosanganisira fetereza nemamwe makemikari ane hukama anonzi anowedzera kuyerera kwekugadzira, inonzi Israel Chemicals Ltd. Iyo inozivikanwawo seICL, kambani inoshanda akasiyana maindasitiri, aine makuru anosanganisira ekurima, chikafu uye zvigadzirwa zveinjiniya. Pamusoro pemafetireza emhando yepamusoro, kambani iyi inogadzirawo huwandu hwakakosha hwemakemikari akaita sebromine, nekudaro ndiyo inogadzira chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chebromine yenyika. Ndiyo zvakare yechitanhatu mugadziri mukuru we potassium munyika. Israel Corporation, inova imwe yemakuru makuru eIsrael conglomerates, inodzora mashandiro nekushanda kweICL.

4. Yara International

Yara International yakavambwa muna 1905 iine chinangwa chikuru chekugadzirisa matambudziko enzara muEurope, iyo yaive yakaoma kwazvo panguva iyoyo. Kutanga muna 1905, Yara International yakatora danho guru uye nhasi yave imwe yemakambani ane mukurumbira pasi rose.

Pamusoro pefetereza, vanopa zvakare zvirongwa zvekuvaka zvirimwa uye nzira dzehunyanzvi dzekuwedzera goho. Vanoshandawo kuvandudza kunaka kwechigadzirwa nenzira isingakanganise nharaunda kuburikidza nemaitiro ekurima. Nekudaro, isu tinokwanisa kupfupisa mashandiro aYara sekupa zvinovaka zvidyarwa zvigadziriso, nitrogen application mhinduro, uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza mhinduro.

3. Saskatchewan Potash Corporation

Zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha uye zvakakosha pazvirimwa zvinoti NPK, kureva nitrogen, potassium nephosphorus. Potash Corporation ndeimwe yemakambani makuru efotereza pasi rose, ichipa fetereza yemhando yepamusoro pamwe chete neakakosha kudya kunovaka muviri nemimwe mishonga inogona kuwedzera goho rezvirimwa zvakasiyana. Mashandiro ekambani kuCanada ane mutsauko wekuve chikamu chimwe muzvishanu chesimba repasi rose, inova budiriro pachayo. Vanopawo masevhisi avo kunyika dziri kuSouth America, Middle East neAsia. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, Potash Corp yakaita basa guru mukuwedzera goho nekudaro kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nepasi rose zvekudya.

2. Mosaic Company

Kana zvasvika kune yakaoma potassium uye phosphate kugadzira uye kushambadzira, Mosaic ndiyo inotungamira kambani pasirese. Kambani iyi ine vatsigiri munyika nhanhatu uye ine vashandi vanosvika zviuru zvipfumbamwe vari kuvashandira kuti vaone zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvinokwanisa kuunza mhedzisiro yemhando yepamusoro. Ivo vane nzvimbo yaMosaic muCentral Florida kwavanochera phosphate rock. Pamusoro pezvo, ivo vanewo ivhu kuNorth America uko kwaimbocherwa potashi. Zvibereko zvinenge zvakohwewa zvinozogadziriswa kuti zvibure kudya kunovaka zvirimwa zvotengeswa kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzenyika dzine mizinda yekurima.

1. Agrium

Seimwe yemakambani makuru ekugovera fetereza pasi rose, Agrium yazvisimbisa seimwe yemakambani makuru efotereza pasi rose. Sezvo fetereza ichiita basa rakakosha mukuwedzera goho, kuvimba nawo kwave kukanganisa. Kuita kuti zvinhu zvive nyore,

Agrium inobatikana mukugadzira uye kugovera mavhoriyamu makuru emafetiraiza ekutanga uye ekutanga, anosanganisira nitrogen, phosphorus uye potashi. Kambani iyi ine makambani ari kuNorth America, South America neAustralia, ichipa fetereza yemhando yepamusoro nemishonga. Pamusoro pezvo, vanotengeserana zvakare nembeu, zvinodzivirira zvirimwa zvakaita semishonga yezvipembenene, mishonga yesora nemishonga yezvipembenene, uye vanopa mazano ezvekurima uye nzira dzekushandisa kuvarimi.

Huwandu chaihwo hwefetereza mumunda hunogona kubatsira kuzadzisa kudiwa kuri kuita chikafu munyika. Hazvishamise kuti kana makambani akawanda achizviti ndiwo ari nani, makambani efotereza ari pamusoro aratidza kukosha kwawo nekudaro akawana chinzvimbo chepamusoro gumi.