Chii chinonzi brake fluid uye kuti unoitarisa sei

Kugadziriswa kwemotokari kunosanganisira runyoro rwemanomapulations. Imwe yacho ndeye shanduko uye cheki yebhureki fluid (inozonzi TJ). Mvura iyi inodiwa kuitira kuti brake system ishande zvakanaka.

ТЖ inoita basa rakakosha - kuchinjisa simba rekutsikirira bhureki rekumedura kuma cylinders anoshanda eiyo brake system. Ndokunge, mutyairi paanodzvanya bhureki, iyo fluid inoendeswa kuburikidza nemabhureki machubhu machubhu kubva kuna master silinda kusvika kumadhiramu emabhureki kana ma disc, panguva iyo, nekuda kwekukweshera, mota inodzora.

Kana mutyairi akasachinja brake fluid munguva, zvese zvikamu zveimwechete mashini zvinokundikana. Izvi zvinokanganisa zvakananga kutyaira chengetedzo.

Chii chinonzi brake fluid uye ndeapi mashandiro ayo

Iyo brake fluid mumotokari inoendesa simba rekumanikidza kubva kuGTZ (brake master cylinder) kuenda kumabhureki evhiri vhiri. Iko kusimba kwemidziyo yezvinwiwa kunoitendera kuti ishandiswe mumatunhu akavharika ekuchinjisa pakarepo simba kubva kune mumwe mugumo wemutsara kuenda kune mumwe.

Iyo braking system yemota ine:

• akamedura mashandiro;
• akamedura nemotokari (hydraulic, zvemaziso, zvemagetsi, pneumatic uye pamwechete);
• pombi.

Kakawanda, bhajeti uye epakati mota mota dzakashongedzerwa ne hydraulic brake system, mutsetse wayo uzere neTZ. Pakutanga, iyi butyl doro uye castor mafuta aishandiswa pane izvi. Vakanga vakavhenganiswa muzvikamu zvakaenzana.

Mvura dzemazuvano dziri 93-98 muzana inoumbwa neether polyglycols. Vagadziri vanoshandisa zvinowedzerwa zvakasiyana kuvandudza mashandiro uye kuvimbika kwezvigadzirwa zvavo. Huwandu hwavo haupfuure 7%. Dzimwe nguva silicones inotorwa sehwaro hwezvinhu zvakadaro.

Akaputsa tenzi humburumbira

Iyo hydraulic brake system ine brake master cylinder. Ichi chikamu chakaiswa pane iyo vacuum brake booster. GTZ dzemaviri-zvidimbu mota. Pamberi-vhiri rekutyaira uye kumashure-vhiri rekutyaira mota, iyo system inoshanda nenzira dzakasiyana.

• Mberi-vhiri rekutyaira. Kazhinji kazhinji, mota dzakadai dzine macircuit maviri: imwe inosanganisa mabhureki emavhiri kurudyi, uye imwe kuruboshwe.
• Rear drive. Rimwe dunhu rinobatanidza mabhureki nemavhiri ekumashure uye rimwe kumberi.

Zvikamu zviviri zveGTZ uye kuvapo kwemaseketi maviri akasiyana akagadzirwa kuitira kuchengetedza. Kana paine kuvhunika kweiyo TJ kubva kune rimwe dunhu, ipapo mabhureki emuchina eimwe anoshanda. Ehezve, izvi zvinokanganisa zvinoonekwa kufamba kwechimedu chebhureki (kufamba kwemahara kunowedzera kusvika panguva yekupindura), asi mabhureki haazonyangarika zvachose.

Tenzi akamedura humburumbira mudziyo unosanganisira:

• Dzimba. Pamusoro payo pane tangi rine TJ.
• Kuchengeta tangi. Yakagadzirwa nepurasitiki yakajeka, saka unogona kudzora mwero wemvura usina kuvhura muvharo. Kuti zvive nyore, chikero chinoiswa kumadziro etangi, zvichikubvumidza iwe kutarisa kunyange madiki vhoriyamu kurasikirwa.
• TZh level sensor. Inowanikwa mutangi. Kana iyo nhanho ichidonha zvakanyanya, mwenje wekutonga unovhenekera pane yakatsiga (kwete ese mamodheru emota ane alarm yakadaro).
• Pistons. Ivo vari mukati meGTZ imwe mushure meimwe zvinoenderana nemisimboti ye "locomotive". Ose maPiston ari echirimo akatakurwa kuti vangoerekana vadzokera kunzvimbo yavo yepakutanga mushure mekuguma kwebhureki.
• Vacuum booster tsvimbo. Inotyaira iyo yekutanga piston, ipapo mauto anotapurirana kune yechipiri kuburikidza nechitubu.

Brake fluid zvinoda

Kune chengetedzo yemumugwagwa, mota yega yega inofanirwa kuve neyakavimbika braking system. Kuti uizadze, unofanira kushandisa mvura pamwe inokosha murwiyo. Inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zve:

• nzvimbo yekubikira;
• viscosity;
• simba pamusoro rabha zvikamu;
• zvinokanganisa simbi;
• lubricating ehupfumi;
• hygroscopicity.

Boiling point

Munguva yekushanda kwemabhureki, iyo fluid inozadza iyo system inova inopisa kwazvo. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekushambidzwa kwekupisa kubva kumabhureki disc uye mapedhi. Heano mavhareji kuverenga kweiyo tembiricha hurumende yeTJ, zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekutyaira:

Kutya nzira:	Kuchenesa mvura kusvika toC
Track	60-70
Town	80-100
Mugomo nzira	100-120
Emergency braking (michina yakawanda yakateedzana)	Kusvikira 150

Kana dunhu rizere neyakajairwa mvura, panguva ino tembiricha inokurumidza kuvira. Kuvapo kwemhepo muhurongwa kwakakosha kuti mashandiro akanaka emabhureki (iyo pedal ikundikane), nekudaro kuumbwa kweTJ kunofanira kusanganisira zvinhu zvinowedzera chikumbaridzo chiri kufashaira.

Mvura yacho pachayo haina kunyungudika, nekuda kwekuti pane iko kuchinjika kwakaringana kwekumanikidza kubva kune chinenge chichienda kumabhureki, asi kana chikavira, mabhuru madiki anoita mudunhu. Vanomanikidza imwe huwandu hwemvura kudzoka mudziva. Kana mutyairi achizora mabhureki, kumanikidza mudunhu kunowedzera, mweya uri maari wakatsimbirirwa, kubva ipapo mabhureki asinga tsimbirire mapedhi zvakanyanya kurwisa dhiramu kana disc.

Viscosity

Sezvo kugadzikana kweiyo brake system kunoenderana nehunyoro hwechinhu, chinofanira kuchengetedza zvivakwa zvayo kwete kana zvichipisa chete, asi zvakare pakadzika tembiricha. Munguva yechando, iyo braking system inofanirwa kuve yakasimba senge muzhizha.

TZ yakakora inoputirwa kuburikidza nesisitimu zvishoma nezvishoma, izvo zvinonyanya kuwedzera nguva yekupindura kwemaitiro emabhureki. Mune ino kesi, haifanire kubvumidzwa kuti yaive yakanyorova kwazvo, zvikasadaro inotyisidzira nekudonha pamisangano yezvinhu zvematunhu.

Tafura yeiyo viscosity index yezvinhu pane tembiricha ye +40 t^oC:

Standard:	Viscosity, mm2/ kubva
SAEJ1703	1800
ISO 4925	1500
dot3	1500
dot4	1800
DOT4 +	1200-1500
dot5.1	900
dot5	900

Pakutonhora kwemaserozero, ichi chiratidzo hachifanirwe kunge chiri kupfuura 1800 mm²/ s

Mhedzisiro pazvikamu zverabha

Munguva yekushanda kweiyo brake system, zvisimbiso zvakasununguka hazvifanirwe kurasikirwa nehunhu hwavo. Zvikasadaro, makaketi makobvu anokanganisa kufamba kwemahara kwemapistoni kana kubvumira iyo TJ kupfuura. Chero zvazvingaitika, kumanikidza kuri mudunhu hakuenderane nechinodikanwa chiratidzo, semhedzisiro - isingabatsiri braking.

Maitiro esimbi

Iyo brake fluid inofanirwa kuchengetedza simbi zvikamu kubva kune oxidation. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira mukutyorwa kwegirazi remukati mechikamu chebhureki remabhureki, izvo zvinokonzeresa kuti mvura isuduruke kubva padanda rinoshanda pakati pembunduru pisitoni nemadziro eTC.

Izvo zvinokanganisa zvisizvo zvinogona kukonzeresa kukurumidza kupfeka kwezvinhu zverabha. Dambudziko rakafanana rinobatsira pakuonekwa kwezvikamu zvekunze mumutsara (zvidimbu zverabha kana ngura yakatemwa), izvo zvinokanganisa kugona kweiyo hydraulic drive.

Lubricating zvivakwa

Sezvo kushanda kwemabhureki emota kuchitsamira pahunhu hwezvikamu zvinofamba zvakasanganiswa mumudziyo wavo, zvinoda kugara zvichizorwa mafuta kumhanya kumeso. Panyaya iyi, pamusoro pezvinhu zvakanyorwa pamusoro, TJ inofanirwa kudzivirira kukwenya pagirazi renzvimbo dzinoshanda.

Hygroscopicity

Chimwe chekukanganisa kwechikamu ichi chehunyanzvi hwemvura ndiko kugona kutora mwando kubva kune zvakatipoteredza. Nzvimbo yekubikira ("yakanyorova" kana "yakaoma" TZ) zvinoenderana nekuwanda kwemvura irimo.

Heino tafura yekufananidza yemapoinzi ekubikisa eese maviri sarudzo yemvura:

TJ chiyero	"Yakaoma" mamota pa toC	"Wet" (huwandu hwemvura 2%), mamota pa toC
SAEJ1703	205	140
ISO 4925	205	140
dot3	205	140
dot4	230	155
DOT4 +	260	180
dot5.1	260	180
dot5	260	180

Sezvauri kuona, kunyangwe nekuwedzera kushoma muunyoro mwero (mukati memaviri kusvika matatu muzana), iyo yekubikira poindi inofamba 65-80 madigiri ezasi.

Pamusoro pechinhu ichi, hunyoro muiyo HF hunosimudzira kupfeka kwenzvimbo dzerabha, zvinotungamira mukuora kwesimbi zvinhu, uye zvinowedzera kuwedzera zvakanyanya patembiricha yakaderera.

Sezvauri kuona, iyo brake fluid yemota inofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya. Ndokusaka mutyairi wese achifanira kutarisisa kurudziro yemugadziri paanosarudza kutsiva TAs.

Inoita sei brake fluid "zera"?

Inowanzozivikanwa ndeye DOT4 brake fluid. Fuma iyi ine chinokosha absorbent ehupfumi, saka vagadziri vanokurudzira nguva nenguva kuongorora ayo sezvamunoita uye kutsiva ose 40-60 km. mileage. Kana iyo mota isingawanzo kutyaira, saka sisitimu yacho inofanirwa kushandirwa mushure memakore maviri kusvika matatu.

Mukugadzirwa kweTZ, huwandu hwehunyoro hunogona kuwedzera uye zvimisikidzo zvekunze zvinoonekwa (kumhanya kwemaitiro aya kunoenderana nemamiriro ekushandisa emota). Kuvapo kwekupedzisira kunogona kucherechedzwa panguva yekutariswa kwekutarisa - iyo mvura inenge iine makore. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kusakara kwese kwese kwese kwese kwese kwemabara erabha uye kuumbwa kweengura (kana muridzi wemota achiwanzo hanya nemitemo yekutsiva yakurudzirwa).

Kuwedzera kwehunyoro hwehunyoro hakugone kutariswa nemaziso (mumamiriro akasiyana, maitiro aya anoitika nekumhanya kwayo), saka zvinokurudzirwa kuti nguva nenguva uongorore chiratidzo ichi uchishandisa muyedzo wakakosha.

Kakawanda sei iyo brake fluid inofanirwa kuongororwa mumotokari?

Vazhinji vanofarira mota havanzwisise kuti kutarisirwa kwemota kunodiwa kutanga kune zvese naiye. Nyanzvi dzinokurudzira zvakasimba kutarisa brake fluid level uye mhando. Kana iwe ukaregeredza iri zano - iyo brake system inova yakasviba.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kunzwisiswa kuti mhando ye "brake" inokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakawanda: mamiriro ekunze, hunyoro zvirimo, mamiriro eakavhuna system.

Kuti udzivise matambudziko mumugwagwa, tarisa brake fluid kaviri pagore, uye nhanho yayo - kamwe chete pamwedzi (kazhinji).

Kuongorora brake fluid level

Uye saka, sezvatakatonyora kare, unofanirwa kutarisa brake fluid level kamwe pamwedzi. Uyezve, maitiro aya haazotora yakawanda yenguva yako.

Chiratidzo chekutanga chekuderera kwe "brake" ndiko kukanganisa kwakapinza kwebhureki pedal. Kana mutyairi akacherechedza kufamba kwakanyanyisa kwepedal, unofanirwa kumisa motokari uye kutarisa chiyero cheTJ:

• Vhura hood yemuchina. Ita izvi panzvimbo yakati sandara kuti zvimiro zvijeke.

• Tsvaga iyo brake master cylinder. Kazhinji kazhinji, inoiswa mukati mekuseri kweinjini, padivi remutyairi. Uchacherekedza dhamu riri pamusoro pesilinda.

• Tarisa huwandu hwemvura. Mumota zhinji dzemazuvano, uye idzo dzeSoviet zvakare, iri tangi rakajeka uye rine "min" uye "max" mamaki pariri. Chikamu cheTJ chinofanira kunge chiri pakati pezviratidzo izvi. Kana mota yako yaigadzirwa 1980 asati asvika, dhamu iri rinogona kunge riri resimbi (kwete kujeka). Izvi zvinoreva kuti uchafanirwa kubvisa chifukidzo chayo chesimbi kuti uone huwandu hwemvura iriko.

• Wedzera zvinwiwa mudziva kana zvichidikanwa. Dzorerazve TZ. Kana ruoko rwako ruchidedera uye ukadurura mvura, pukuta pakarepo, sezvo iri chepfu uye inoparadza.

• Tsiva chivharo chedziva uye uvhare hood.

Zvikonzero zvekutarisa mamiriro eiyo brake fluid

Nekufamba kwenguva, iyo "brake" inoshandura zvivakwa zvayo, izvi zvinotungamira mukudzikira mukushanda kweiyo brake system. Iwe haufanire kutsvaga zvikonzero zvekuyedza iyo TJ. Asi kune avo vari kuyedza kuzviwana, isu tinopa diki diki:

• "brake" inotora hunyoro uye inosviba. Kana iri inopfuura 3%, zvese zvinobatsira zvemvura zvinorasika.

• madonhwe epovi anofashaira (izvi zvinotungamira ku "kutsakatika" kwemabhureki)

• mukana wekuora kwema brake michina

Izvo zvinofanirwa kunzwisiswa kuti kushandura mabhureki emvura kwakangokosha sekushandura injini yemafuta kana inotonhorera. Naizvozvo, kana uchitenga mota, gadzirira chokwadi chekuti mushure memakore maviri ekushanda, zvakakodzera kutsiva TZ. Ukaenderera mberi nekushandisa iyo mvura "yekare", ayo anobatsira zvinhu anorasika.

Maitiro ekutarisa zvivakwa zvebrake fluid?

"Tormozuhu" inoda kudzorwa nezviratidzo zviviri:

• mwero;

• mhando.

Maitiro ega ega anogona kuitwa zvakasununguka. Yekutanga, isu yatove yakatsanangurwa pamusoro, yechipiri inogadzirwa uchishandisa akakosha madivayiri:

• saw;
• zvipenga zvekuyedza.

Akaputsa fluid tester

Chigadzirwa chacho chakafanana nechimakisi, pane muviri pane mwenje yakati wandei inoratidza mwero wounyoro huri mune irimo. Kune maviri nickel-akaputirwa maelekodhi pasi peye muyedzo cap.

TZ ine yayo magetsi kuramba. Kana mvura ichibatanidzwa mairi, chiratidzo ichi chinoderera. Muedzo unofambiswa nebhatiri. A low voltage magetsi anoiswa kune imwechete electrode. Sezvo magetsi anoteera nzira yekushomeka, kubuda kunopfuura nepakati pemagetsi. Iwo mavhenji ekuverenga anorekodwa neyechipiri tsvimbo, inogadziriswa nemagetsi emuedzo, uye mwenje unoenderana unouya.

Kuti utarise iyo TZ yemvura zvirimo, ingo batidza muedzo uye woidzikisa mutangi. Mushure memasekondi mashoma, mwenje unovhenekera, uchiratidza huwandu hwehunyoro. Pana 3%, zvinodikanwa kutsiva iyo inoshanda mvura neiyo nyowani, nekuti mvura inoonekwa inotungamira mukudzikira kwekushanda kwesisitimu.

Mutengo wechigadzirwa chekuyedza mhando yemabhureki emvura

Mutengo webhajeti refractometer uri mumatanho e5-7 madhora. Zvaringana kuongororwa kwechirwere mumamiriro epamba. Unogona kutarisa chishandiso chakadai kunyatso seinotevera.

Pane kicheni (kana chishongo) chikero, 50g inoyerwa. "Dry" (nyowani, yakatorwa kubva mugaba) brake fluid. Muedzo akaiswa mairi acharatidza 0%. Iine sirinji yakajairwa, imwe muzana yemvura (0,5 g) inowedzerwa. Mushure mekuwedzera kwega, muyedzo anofanirwa kuratidza 1% (0,5 g yemvura); 2% (1,0 gr. Mvura); 3% (1,5 gr. Mvura); 4% (2,0 gr. Mvura).

Kazhinji kazhinji, akachipa anodzvanyirira ane kukwana kwakaringana kutarisa mhando yeTOR pamotokari munzvimbo yemumba. Mimwe inodhura mamodheru anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzekushandira kuyera kwakanaka kwehuwandu hwemvura. Mutengo wemidziyo yakadaro unosiyana kubva pa40 kusvika 170 USD. Zvakajairwa zviyero zvemumba hazvidi kunyatsoita kwakadaro, saka yakapusa yekumaka tester yakakwana.

Kutarisa mabhureki emvura nemiedzo yekuyedza

Pane imwezve bhajeti sarudzo yekuyera mhando yeASA. Unogona kushandisa mabhureki ekuyedza kuita izvi. Izvo zvakasunganidzwa neakasarudzika kemikari reagent iyo inobata pamwe nemvura. Ivo vanoita pane izvo chirevo cheyitmus test.

Kuti utarise, iwe unofanirwa kuvhura iyo tangi paGTZ, sunungura tambo uye udzike mukati memvura kweminiti. Ino nguva yakakwana pakuumbwa kwemakemikari maitiro. Mutsetse wacho unozoshandura ruvara. Iyi nhamba inofananidzwa nemuenzaniso uri papakeji.

Ungachinja sei brake fluid?

Kana iyo diagnostics yakaratidza kudiwa kwekusevha iyo brake system, saka kubuda ropa kunoitwa mune inotevera kuteedzana.

• Jekesa kuti ndeipi TJ standard inokurudzirwa nemugadziri wemota iyi (kazhinji iri DOT4). Paavhareji, mudziyo wemarita unokwana kutsiva chinhu zvacho.
• Sunga kumusoro kumashure kurudyi (munzira yekufamba kwemotokari) chikamu uye bvisa vhiri.
• Dzikisa muchina pane stanchion kuitira kuti kumiswa kuve padanho repamhepo kana muchina uri pamavhiri ese.
• Regedza ropa rezamu (zviri nani kuita izvi nespanner kana nemusoro, kwete chipanera chekuvhura, kuti usakanganisa mativi). Kana shinda dzacho "dzakabikwa", saka unogona kushandisa mafuta anopinza (semuenzaniso WD-40). Kutanga kubva padanho rino, haugone kuita pasina mubatsiri. Anofanirwa kupomba iyo TAS kubva mudura riri pamusoro peGTZ nejekiseni, wozoizadza nemvura nyowani.
• Rinoonekera chubhu rinoiswa pane rakanyoroveswa munyatso (rinokwana kubva pakudonhedza), kune rimwe divi sirinji inoiswa pairi (kana kuti inoderedzwa mumudziyo).
• Mubatsiri anomutsa mota, achidhinda bhureki rekumisa uye akaibata munzvimbo iyi. Panguva ino, kukodzera kwakanyatso kuvhurwa nehafu yekutendeuka. Mimwe yemvura yakasakara inoputirwa musirinji. Kukodzera kwakamonyaniswa. Maitiro acho anodzokororwa kudzamara kutsva kwemvura inopinda mujekiseni.
• Vhiri rinoiswa panzvimbo.
• Nhanho dzakafanana dzinoitwa neshure reruboshwe uye vhiri rekumberi rerudyi. Kubuda ropa kweiyo brake system kunofanirwa kuve kwakapedzwa padivi remutyairi.
• Pakati pese maitiro, zvinodikanwa kuti uongorore mwero weiyo brake fluid kuti mweya usapinda muchirongwa.

Sezvo mabhureki emvura aine akaomarara makemikari, inofanirwa kuraswa semarara ane njodzi (haigone kukandwa mumudziyo wemarara kana kudururirwa pasi, asi taura nebasa rakakodzera).

Kakawanda sei iyo brake fluid inoshandurwa?

Iwo manhamba ehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekutsiviwa kweAS hautorwe kubva kumusoro, iwo anotaridzwa nemugadziri, zvichibva mukuumbwa kwawo uye zvivakwa. Kazhinji kazhinji, shanduko yeTJ inoitwa pamberi pe 30-60 zviuru zvemakiromita ekumhanya.

Asi kwete chete mileage kukanganisa kunaka akamedura Urume. Chiratidzo chakakosha chekuchinja kwayo ivara, iro rinogona kutemerwa uchishandisa bvunzo mitsetse. Nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kutarisisa kune braking system seyakazara. Kana yakaora mwoyo, zvakakodzera kutsiva iyo TZ.

Mibvunzo yakajairika:

Chii chinonzi brake fluid? Brake fluid inowanikwa mune yega mota ine hydraulic braking system. Nekuda kweyakavharwa bhureki redunhu, iko kumanikidza kwemvura, kana bhureki rekutsika radzvanyirirwa, rinobvumidza ma cylinders anoshanda kumanikidza mapedhi pamusoro penzvimbo dzemadhiramu kana madhishi.

Kangani iwe unoda kuchinja iyo brake fluid mumotokari yako? Makore maviri ese, zvisinei mileage. Brake fluid iri hygroscopic, zvinoreva kuti zvishoma nezvishoma inounganidza hunyoro uye inorasikirwa nemidziyo yayo.

Nei zvichikosha kuti uchinje iyo brake fluid? Kufanana nechero technical fluid, iyo brake fluid ine yekuwedzera pasuru iyo inopera nekufamba kwenguva. Muchiitiko ichi, iyo brake fluid iri zvishoma nezvishoma yakashatiswa, zvivakwa zvayo zvakarasika kusvikira zvavira.