Trambler: mudziyo, kusashanda, tarisa

Pane zvakasiyana zvinhu mumoto kuvesa system, pane serviceability iyo inoenderana nenguva yekupararira mune imwe humburumbira zvinoenderana. Mumotokari yemazuva ano, maitiro aya anodzorwa nemagetsi zvinoenderana nesoftware yakaiswa muchikamu chekutonga.

Motokari dzekare (kwete zvekare zvemudzimba zvekare, asi zvakare emhando dzekunze) dzakashongedzerwa nezvakawanda zvemagetsi zvakagovana masaini kumatunhu akasiyana ehurongwa. Pakati pezvigadzirwa zvakadaro muparidzi.

Chii chinonzi muparidzi?

Ichi chikamu chinonziwo muparidzi wekuparadzira muitiro wekupisa. Seizvo zita rinoratidzira, iyi nzira inosanganisirwa mukuvhara / kuvhura denderedzwa yeimwe yemaseketi emagetsi emotokari.

Chikamu chinogona kuwanikwa neziso rakashama nekusimudza hood. Iyo yekuparadzira ichave iri munzvimbo yeiyi cylinder musoro kavha. Iyo haigone kuvhiringidzwa nechinhu chero chipi zvacho, nekuti dzakakwira-magetsi waya dzakabatana nekavha yayo.

Chii chiri chemugovera?

Muparadzi anochengetedza kuwanikwa kwakakodzera kwechishuwo kubva kumusoro kwechikwata (kuvesa coil). Maitiro mana akasiyana anoitika mune imwe humburumbira yeinjini yechina-sitiroko, iyo inodzokororwa mukuteedzana kwetenderedzwa.

Mune imwe nhevedzano mumakomba (kwete ese mainjini ane sitiroko yakaenzana), musanganiswa wemhepo-peturu unomanikidzwa. Kana paramende iyi yasvika pakukosha kwayo (injini kumanikidza), ipulagi inotsvedza inofanira kugadzira kubuda mukamuri yemoto.

Kuti uve nechokwadi chekutenderera kwakatsetseka kweiyo crankshaft, kurova kwacho hakuitwe mukuchinjana, asi zvichienderana nenzvimbo yemakorokoza. Semuenzaniso, mune mamwe ma6-cylinder engines, iyo plug plug yekupfura hurongwa ndeinotevera. Chekutanga, hove inoumbwa mune yekutanga humburumbira, tevere mune yechitatu, ipapo yechina, uye kutenderera kunopera neyechipiri.

Kuti cheki iumbwe zvakagadzikana zvinoenderana nehurongwa hwemawachi macircuit, inogoverwa inodiwa. Iyo inokanganisa magetsi wedunhu mune mamwe macircuit, asi inopa izvozvi kune yakatarwa imwe.

Iko kusanganisa kwemafuta musanganiswa pasina muparidzi mune yekudyidzana sisitimu hazvigoneke, sezvo ichigovera iwo marongero ekumisikidza masilinda. Kuti voltage isvike panguva yakanyatso tsanangurwa, module inoenderana nekushanda kweiyo gasi yekuparadzira mashandiro.

Ari kupi muparidzi ari?

Chaizvoizvo, iyo yekuparadzira inoshambadzira, zvisinei nemhando yayo, iri pane humburumbira musoro kavha. Icho chikonzero ndechekuti iyo yekuparadzira shaft yakaiswa mukutenderera nekuda kwekutenderera kwecamshaft yemagetsi ekuparadzira mashandiro.

Zvekuti tambo yemagetsi kubva kune muparidzi kuenda kune yekuwacha coil uye bhatiri haina kureba, iyo yekuparadzira-breaker inoiswa parutivi rweye cylinder musoro chifukidziro chine bhatiri.

Iyo yekuparadzira mudziyo uye kuti inoshanda sei

Zvichienderana nemota yemota, iyi michina inogona kunge iine chimiro chayo, asi zvinhu zvakakosha zvine chimiro chakafanana. Trambler ine zvinotevera zvinotevera zvinhu:

• Shaft ine giya, iyo meshes ine iyo yekutyaira nguva;
• Mafoni anokanganisa dunhu remagetsi (chinhu chose chinonzi breaker);
• Ivhavha iyo inogadzirwa maburi ekubatana (BB waya dzakabatana kwavari). Mukati meichi chikamu, vanobatana vanounzwa kunze kune yega waya, pamwe nepakati tambo inouya ichibva kune yekupisa coil;
• Pasi pechifukidziro pane mutserendende wakaiswa padanda. Iyo neimwe nzira inobatanidza iwo maficha emakenduru uye epakati waya.
• Vacuum kuvesa nguva yekugadzirisa.

Ichi chirongwa chakajairika chekushandurwa kwekutaurirana kwemugovera. Iko kune zvakare isiri-yekudyidzana mhando, iyo ine yakafanana chimiro, chete iyo Hall-musimboti sensor inoshandiswa seyakatyora. Iyo yakaiswa panzvimbo peye breaker module.

Iko kunakirwa kwekusabata isingachinjiki ndeyekuti inokwanisa kupfuudza yakakwira voltage (inopfuura kaviri).

Nheyo yekushanda kwemugovera ndeye inotevera. Iyo crankshaft sensor inotumira kurova kune iyo coil. Mariri, panguva ino danho rekutanga rinotenderera rinoshanda. Pangosvika chiratidzo pachishandiswa, iyo yekumhanyisa yechipiri inomisikidzwa, mune yakasimba voltage inogadzirwa nekuda kwemagetsi emagetsi induction. Ikozvino inoyerera nepakati tambo kuenda kune muparidzi.

Slider inotenderera inovhara waya huru neyakafanana tambo plug plug. Iyo yatove yakakwira magetsi kupisa inopihwa kune inoenderana magetsi unit yeimwe humburumbira.

Tsanangudzo pamusoro pezvinhu zvakakosha zvemudziyo wekugovera

Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemugovera zvinopa kukanganisa panguva yekugovera magetsi kune yekutanga mhepo yekoiri uye kugovera kwakarurama kwepamusoro-voltage pulse. Ivo zvakare vanokutendera kuti ugadzirise iyo nguva yekuumbwa kwe spark zvichienderana nemaitiro ekushanda kweinjini (kuchinja nguva yekudzima) uye kuita mamwe mabasa. ngatizviongororei zvakadzama.

Vacuum regulator

Ichi chinhu chine basa rekushandura nguva yekubatidza (UOZ), kana ichidikanwa pakushanda kwakanyanya kwemota. Kugadziriswa kunoitwa panguva iyo injini inoiswa pasi pekuwedzera mutoro.

Uyu mutongi anomiririrwa nevhavha yakavharwa, iyo yakabatanidzwa nehose inoshanduka kune carburetor. Mutongi ane diaphragm. Iyo vacuum mu carburetor inotyaira iyo vacuum regulator diaphragm.

Nekuda kweizvi, vacuum inoumbwa zvakare mukamuri yechipiri yechishandiso, iyo inoshandura zvishoma iyo inovhiringidza cam kuburikidza nedhisiki inofambisa. Kuchinja nzvimbo ye diaphragm kunotungamirira kukutanga kana kunonoka kupisa.

Octane corrector

Pamusoro peiyo vacuum regulator, dhizaini yemugovera inobvumidza iwe kugadzirisa iyo yekudzima nguva. Octane corrector chiyero chakakosha pane iyo nzvimbo yakarurama yeimba yekugovera maererano necamshaft inogadziriswa (inotenderera munzira yekuwedzera kana kuderedza UOZ).

Kana motokari ichiwedzerwa nemafuta akasiyana-siyana emafuta, zvakakosha kuti uzvimirire kuisa octane corrector kuitira kupisa panguva yakakodzera yemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa. Iko kugadziridzwa kunoitwa pausina basa uye pakumhanya kwakaringana kusingaite uye musanganiswa kuumbwa (special screws mu carburetor body).

Contactless systems

Rudzi urwu rwekudzimisa system inofananidzwa neiyo contact system. Musiyano waro ndewekuti mune iyi kesi isiri-yekubata breaker inoshandiswa (Hall sensor yakaiswa mune distributor pane cam breaker). Zvakare, switch iko zvino inoshandiswa kushandisa sisitimu. Iyo isiri-inobatika ignition system haina kutambura nekutsva kwekubata, iyo iyo cam interrupter inotambura nayo.

Mhando dzevagovera

Rudzi rwemagetsi nzira inoenderana nerudzi rwevagadziri. Kune matatu eaya marudzi:

• Bata;
• Kusabata;
• Zvemagetsi.

Bata vanogovana ndiyo yechinyakare tekinoroji. Vanoshandisa mechanical breaker. Verenga zvakawanda nezve iyo yekubatanidza kupisa system zvakasiyana.

Vasingatauri vatambi havashandisi mechimani -mhanyi-mudariki. Panzvimbo iyoyo, pane sensor yeHoro iyo inotumira pulses kune iyo transistor-mhando switch. Verenga zvakawanda nezve iyi sensor. pano... Nekuda kweasina kugovera muparidzi, zvinokwanisika kuwedzera mwenje wemagetsi, uye vanobata havazopisa.

Zvakare, nekuda kweiyo yepamusoro yekupisa magetsi, iyo yemhepo-musanganiswa wemoto unopisa nenzira yakakodzera (kana iyo UOZ yakanyatsoiswa), iyo ine mhedzisiro pane masimba emota nekukara kwayo.

Magetsi emagetsi anodzivirira haana muparidzi akadaro, nekuti hapana michina inofanirwa kugadzira nekuparadzira kupisa kwemoto. Zvese zvinoitika nekutenda kumagetsi emagetsi anotumirwa neiyo elektroniki control unit. Zvemagetsi masystem ndeawo echikamu cheasina kutaurirana kuvesa.

Mumakina akashongedzerwa nemugovera, uyu mudariki-muparadzi akasiyana. Vamwe vane shaft refu, vamwe vane ipfupi, saka kunyangwe nemhando yakafanana yekuvesa system, unofanirwa kusarudza mugove weiyo chaiyo modhi yemota.

Hunhu hwakakosha hwemugoveri

Injini yega yega ine maitiro ayo ekushandisa, uye nekudaro muparidzi anofanira kuchinjirwa kune izvi maficha. Pane maviri ma parameter anokanganisa kugadzikana kwemukati injini yemagetsi.

• Iyo kona yeiyo yakavharwa mamiriro evanobata. Iyi paramende inokanganisa kumhanya kwekuvhara dunhu remagetsi rekuparadzira. Iyo inokanganisa kuti yakasimba sei iyo coil winding inobhadhariswa mushure mekubuda. Iko kunaka kwesaraki pachayo kunoenderana nesimba rezvino;
• Kuda nguva. Pulagi iri musilinda haifanire kupisa panguva iyo pisitoni inomanikidza iyo BTC uye inotora nzvimbo yepamusoro yakafa, asi kumberi zvishoma, kuitira kuti painokwira zvakakwana, nzira yekupisa mafuta yatotanga uye hapana kunonoka. Zvikasadaro, kugona kwemotokari kunogona kurasikirwa, semuenzaniso, kana uchichinja maitiro ekutyaira. Kana mutyairi akangoerekana achinjira kumitambo yekutyaira, iko kuvesa kunofanirwa kukonzereswa kumberi, kuitira kuti kubatidza kwacho kusanonoka nekuda kweiyo inertia yecrankshaft. Kana mangoti mutyairi achichinjira kuchimiro chakayerwa, UOZ inochinja.

Ma parameter ese ari maviri anodzorwa muparidzi. Muchiitiko chekutanga, izvi zvinoitwa nemaoko. Muchiitiko chechipiri, muparidzi-mudariki akazvimiririra anochinja kune yekushandisa nzira yemota. Kuti uite izvi, chishandiso chine yakasarudzika centrifugal regulator, iyo inoshandura nguva yekupa magetsi kuitira kuti irise musanganiswa panguva iyo iyo pisitoni ichingosvika TDC.

Trambler malfunctions

Sezvo muparidzi achiumbwa nezvidimbu zvidiki zvakaiswa mutoro wakasimba wemagetsi, zvinokanganisa zvakasiyana zvinogona kuitika mairi. Dzakanyanya kuitika ndedzinotevera:

• Kana injini isingamiri nekuda kwekudzima kubatidza, asi nekuda kwezvinhu zvisina kunaka (mhute inorema, panguva iyo kukanganiswa kwetambo dzinoputika kunogona kucherechedzwa), chifukidziro chemugovera chinogona kukuvara. Kune zviitiko zvakajairika kana kutsemuka kwakaumbwa mukati mayo, asi kazhinji kacho vanobatana vanopisa kana oxidize. Kukuvara kwakadaro kunogona kunge kuri nekuda kwekusagadzikana mota oparesheni;
• Slider fuse yarova. Muchiitiko ichi, kutsiva kwayo kunodiwa, nekuti kupomba hakuzoendi kune pfupi dunhu;
• Iyo capacitor yarova. Iri dambudziko rinowanzo kuperekedzwa nekuwedzera kwemhepo inopihwa kumakenduru;
• Iko kushanduka kweiyo shaft kana kuumbwa kwekukuvara kune iyo imba yechigadzirwa. Mune ino kesi, iwe zvakare unofanirwa kutsiva iyo yakaputsika chikamu;
• Kuputsa kwekutsvaira. Iko kutadza kukuru iko kupfeka diaphragm kana yakasviba.

Pamusoro peavo vakanyorwa, kusagadzikana kusingaite kunogona kuitika muparidzi. Kana paine chero malfunctions mukupararira kwekupa, muchina unofanirwa kuratidzwa kune nyanzvi.

Maitiro ekutarisa kana achishanda?

Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kusagadzikana kwekushanda kwemota kwakanyatsoenderana nekupaza mugove muparidzi, unofanirwa kutora matanho akati wandei:

• Isu tinobvisa iyo yekuvhara uye tinoiongorora kuitira kuumbwa kweiyo oxidation, kabhoni dhipoziti kana kukuvara kwemishini. Zvirinani kuzviita muchiedza chakanaka. Icho chemukati chinofanira kunge chisina hunyoro uye grafiti guruva. Iko hakufanirwe kuve nekukuvara pane bhatani rekutsvedza, uye iwo mahukama anofanirwa kuve akachena;
• Iyo vharuvhu inoongororwa nekuiparadzanisa. Iyo diaphragm inoongororwa kuitira misodzi, kusimba, kana kusvibiswa. Iko kusimba kwechinhu kunoongororwa zvakare kuburikidza nehosi yechigadzirwa. Kuti uite izvi, muridzi wemota anokwevera mumhepo kubva pombi zvishoma uye anovhara gomba nerurimi rwake. Kana iyo vacuum ikasatsakatika, saka diaphragm iri kushanda nemazvo;
• Kuongorora kusagadzikana kwe capacitor kunoonekwa uchishandisa multimeter (kumisikidza isingapfuuri 20 μF). Panofanirwa kuve pasina kutsauka pane iyo skrini skrini.
• Kana iyo rotor ichipaza, ipapo kusashanda uku kunogona kuzivikanwa nekubvisa chifukidziro nekubatanidza kubatana kwepakati waya newadhi inotsvedza. Iine rotor inoshanda, spark haifanire kuoneka.

Idzi ndidzo nzira dzakareruka dzekuongorora dzinoitwa nemuridzi wemotokari zvakazvimiririra. Kuti uwane yakanyatsojeka uye yakadzama kuongororwa, unofanirwa kutora mota kumakanika wemotokari inobata nemaitiro emoto.

Heino vhidhiyo pfupi nezve kutarisa kuparara kweSZ distributor-breaker:

Kutarisa uye kugadzirisa iyo yakasarudzika Distributor kubva kuna Svetlov

Nzira yekugadzirisa sei mutengesi

Zvimiro zvekugadzirisa kwemugovera zvinoenderana nekugadzirwa kwayo. Funga maitiro ekugadzirisa muparadzi, anoshandiswa pamakirasi epamba. Sezvo iyi meshini inoshandisa zvikamu zviri pasi pekupfeka kwechisikigo, kazhinji kugadziriswa kwemugoveri kunouya kuzozvitsiva.

Kurongeka kwebasa kunotevera:

1. Zvisungo zviviri hazvina kuvharwa, iyo iyo chopper rotor inosungirirwa kune base plate. Rotor inobviswa. Kuti udzivise kukanganisa pakuunganidza michina, zvakakosha kuisa zviratidzo pazvitubu uye zviyero. Chitubu chinobviswa kubva kune centrifugal regulator.
2. Iyo nut haina kuvharwa, iyo iyo kusangana kwe capacitor inogadziriswa. Bvisa condenser. Bvisa insulating spacer uye washer.
3. Iyo screws haina kuvharwa kubva muboka rekubatana, mushure meiyo inobviswa, uye zvakare bvisa washer kubva mairi.
4. Inofambiswa yekubata inobviswa kubva paaxis yeboka rekusangana. Iyo lock washer inobviswa, iyo iyo vacuum regulator tsvimbo inosungirirwa, uye tsvimbo pachayo (iyo iri pane axis yeplate inofambiswa).
5. Vacuum regulator inobviswa. Pini inogadzirisa clutch inomanikidzwa kunze, kuitira kuti clutch pachayo ibviswe. Iyo puck inobviswa pairi.
6. Iyo shaft yekugovera inobviswa, mabhoti anochengetedza mahwendefa ekutakura haana kuvharwa. Iyo ndiro inofambiswa inobviswa pamwe chete nekutakura.

Mushure mokunge muparadzi aparadzaniswa, zvakakosha kutarisa mamiriro ezvinhu ezvose zvinofamba (shaft, makamera, mahwendefa, kutakura). Panofanira kunge pasina kupfeka pane shaft kana macams.

Tarisa kushanda kwe capacitor. Kugona kwayo kunofanira kuva pakati pe20 ne25 microfarads. Zvadaro, kushanda kwevacuum regulator kunotariswa. Kuti uite izvi, shandisa tsvimbo uye uvhare kufanirwa nemunwe wako. Iyo diaphragm inoshanda ichabata tsvimbo munzvimbo iyoyo.

Izvo zvinodikanwa kuchenesa mabhureki mameta, kushandura kubereka mune dhizaini imba (hull sleeve), gadzirisa iyo breaker yekubata gap (inofanira kunge iri 0.35-0.38 mm.) Mushure mekunge basa raitwa, iyo michina inounganidzwa mu kudzoreredza kurongeka uye zvinoenderana nemamaki akasetwa kare.

Replacement

Kana kutsiva kwakazara kwemugovera kuchidikanwa, saka basa iri rinoitwa mune inotevera kutevedzana:

• Bhatiri rakadzimwa;
• Waya dzepamusoro-voltage dzinobviswa kubva pachivharo chemugovera (kunyangwe aine hurefu hwakasiyana, anogona kuwedzera kuverengerwa zvichienderana nenzvimbo iri pachivharo);
• Iyo hose yevacuum regulator inobviswa;
• Iyo yekare yekugovera inobviswa, uye nzira itsva inoiswa panzvimbo yayo.

Iko kuungana kweiyo ignition system inoitwa mune reverse order. Kana, mushure mekutsiva muparadzi, injini yakatanga kushanda zvisizvo (somuenzaniso, kana gasi rakatsikirirwa zvakasimba, kukurumidza hakuwedzere, uye injini inopisa mukati inoratidzika "inodzipwa"), unoda kuchinja zvishoma nzvimbo yacho. yemugovera nekuishandura zvishoma panzvimbo kune imwe mucherechedzo.

Vhidhiyo pamusoro wenyaya

Heino vhidhiyo pfupi pamusoro pekugadzirisa dambudziko nekutanga kupisa muinjini ye carburetor iwe pachako:

Dzokera kune DAMBUDZIKO REKUTANGA IGNITION!

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Chii chakagoverwa nemugovera? Mugovera chinhu chakakosha mumabatiro emagetsi emarudzi mazhinji anotevera emota. Iyo inogona kuve yakagadzirirwa neyakafambidzana kana isiri-yekubatana (Hall sensor) breaker. Ichi chishandiso chinoburitsa kupomba kunokanganisa kuchaja kweiyo yekumhanyisa coil, semhedzisiro yeiyo yakakura magetsi magetsi inogadzirwa mukati mayo. Magetsi kubva kumagetsi anopisa anoenda kune yepakati-yepamusoro waya waya yemugovera uye kuburikidza neslider inotenderera inopfuudzwa kuburikidza neWB waya kune inoenderana spark plug. Zvichienderana nebasa iri, mudziyo uyu unonzi kuvesa saizi.

Zviratidzo zvekusashanda kwemugovera. Sezvo muparidzi aine basa rekugovera uye kupa yakakwira-voltage kupisa kupisa moto-musanganiswa wemafuta, zvisizvo zvese zvinokanganisa maitiro emota. Zvichienderana nehunhu hwekuputsika, zvinotevera zviratidzo zvinogona kuratidza anokanganisa muparidzi: iyo mota inokwenya panguva yekumhanyisa; kumhanya kusingagadzike kwekumira; simba remagetsi haritangi; mota yapera simba; iko kugogodza kwepistoni zvigunwe kunonzwika panguva yekuwedzera; kuwedzera kukara kwemota.