Turbo mumotokari. Masimba akawanda asi mamwe matambudziko

Nhamba yemotokari dzine turbocharger pasi pehood inoramba ichikura. Isu tinopa zano mashandisiro emota yakadaro kudzivirira inodhura recharging kugadzirisa.

Iyo yakawanda yakawanda yeinjini dzemotokari nyowani dzakashongedzerwa nematurbocharger. Compressors, i.e. mechanical compressors, haina kuwanda. Basa rezvose zviri zviviri kumanikidzira mweya wakawedzerwa sezvinobvira mukamuri yekupisa yeinjini. Kana yakasanganiswa nemafuta, izvi zvinounza rimwe simba.

Chimwe chiito, mhedzisiro yakafanana

Mune zvose compressor uye turbocharger, rotor ine basa rekupa imwe mhepo. Nekudaro, apa ndipo panopera kufanana pakati pemidziyo miviri iyi. Iyo compressor inoshandiswa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu muMercedes, inofambiswa ne torque kubva ku crankshaft, inofambiswa nebhandi. Exhaust gasi kubva pakupisa inotyaira iyo turbocharger. Nenzira iyi, iyo turbocharged system inomanikidza mhepo yakawanda kupinda muinjini, zvichikonzera simba rinoguma uye kushanda zvakanaka. Ese ari maviri ekusimudzira masisitimu ane zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira. Isu tinozonzwa mutsauko mukutyaira neimwe kana imwe kanenge pakarepo mushure mekutangwa. Injini ine compressor inokubvumira kuti urambe uchiwedzera kuwedzera kwesimba, kutanga kubva pakaderera kumhanya. Mumotokari yeturbo, tinogona kuvimba nemhedzisiro yekutyaira muchigaro. Iyo turbine inobatsira kuwana yakakwirira torque pane yakaderera rpm pane yakasikwa inoshuvira mayunitsi. Izvi zvinoita kuti injini iwedzere kusimba. Sezvineiwo, kukunda kukanganisa kwezvigadziriso zvese zviri zviviri, zviri kuwedzera kushandiswa panguva imwe chete. Kusimbisa injini ne turbocharger uye compressor inodzivirira mhedzisiro ye turbo lag, ndiko kuti, kudonha kwe torque mushure mekuchinja kune yakakwira giya.

Iyo turbine yakanyanya emergency pane compressor

Kushanda kwe compressor hakuna kuoma. Inofungidzirwa sechigadziriso chemahara. Hongu, inoisa dambudziko pajini, asi kana tikachenjerera kuchinja sefa yemhepo uye kutyaira bhandi nguva dzose, pane mukana wekuti ichagara mumotokari yedu kwemakore anotevera. Kukundikana kwakajairika idambudziko rine rotor kutakura. Kazhinji inopera necompressor regeneration kana kutsiva neitsva.

Panyaya yeturbine, mamiriro ezvinhu akati siyanei. Kune rumwe rutivi, hairegi injini, sezvo inotungamirirwa nesimba remhepo inopera. Asi maitiro ekushanda anoisa pachena kune mitoro yakakwira zvakanyanya nekuda kwekushanda pakupisa kwakanyanya. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kumirira maminetsi mashoma kuti injini itonhore pasi isati yadzima injini ine turbocharger. Zvikasadaro, marudzi akasiyana ekukuvara anogona kuitika, kusanganisira kutamba mune rotor inotakura, kuvuza uye, semhedzisiro, mafuta eiyo suction system. Zvadaro turbine inofanira kutsiviwa neimwe itsva kana kuvandudzwa.

Turbocharger kugadzirisa - kuvandudzwa kana kutsiva?

Mazhinji mabhureki anopa akagadzirwazve turbocharger. Mutengo wechikamu chakadaro wakaderera pane chitsva. Semuenzaniso, kune yakakurumbira vhezheni yeFord Focus, mutengo weturbocharger itsva ndeye approx. zloty. Ichagadzirwazve kune vangangoita 5 vanhu. PLN yakachipa. Pasinei nemutengo wakaderera, hutano hahuna kuderera, nokuti ichi chikamu chakadzorerwa nekunetseka, iyo yakafukidzwa newaranti yakazara. Kusvikira Ford yadzoreredza iyo compressor pane saiti, unogona kuvimba nesevhisi iyi kubva kuSkoda yemasevhisi ako. Panyaya yechizvarwa chechipiri Skoda Octavia ine 2 hp 105 TDI injini. turbo itsva inodhura 1.9 zł. PLN, asi nekupa mugadziri wekare compressor, mari inoderedzwa kusvika 7. PLN. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuberekwa patsva paASO kunodhura 4 zviuru. PLN plus disassembly uye mutengo wegungano - anenge 2,5 PLN.

Zvizhinji zvakachipa masevhisi anopihwa neakasarudzika mafekitori anongoita mukugadzirisa kwe turbocharger. Nepo 10-15 makore apfuura sevhisi yakadai zvakare inodhura nezve 2,5-3 zviuru mukuwedzera kune ASO. zł, nhasi kugadzirisa kwakaoma kunodhura kunyangwe 600-700 zł. “Mitengo yedu yekuvandudza inosanganisira kuchenesa, kumisa basa, kutsiva o-mhete, zvisimbiso, plain bearings, uye kuenzanisa kwesimba kwehurongwa hwese. Kana zvichidikanwa kutsiva shaft uye vhiri rekumanikidza, mutengo unowedzera kusvika paPLN 900, anodaro Leszek Kwolek kubva kuturbo-rzeszow.pl. Chii chandinofanira kutarisisa pandinodzosera turbine kuti ivandudzwe? Leszek Kwolek inopa zano kudzivirira kumisikidzwa inongogumira kuchenesa uye kusangana pasina kuyera. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kugadzirisa kunogona kungova mhinduro shoma kune dambudziko. Iyo turbocharger yakagadziridzwa zvakafanira, zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa mugadziri, ine maparamita akafanana seatsva uye inogamuchira imwechete waranti.

Kuzvienzanisa inzira inopedza nguva uye inoda ruzivo rwehunyanzvi, zviridzwa chaizvo uye vanhu vanoita maitiro aya. Iwo mashopu akanakisa ane midziyo yekutarisa maitiro eturbine mumamiriro akanyanya uye kuvagadzirira ivo nekunyatso kuenzanisa. Imwe nzira ndeye kushandisa yakakwira VSR balancer. Chigadzirwa chakadaro chinoita kuti zvikwanise kutarisa maitiro eiyo inotenderera sisitimu pasi pemamiriro akafanana neaya aripo muinjini. Asi nokuda kwekuedzwa, kukurumidza kutenderera kunogona kuwedzerwa kunyange kusvika ku350 zviuru. kweminiti. Zvichakadaro, turbines mumainjini madiki anomhanya zvishoma, pahupamhi hwe250 rpm. kamwe paminiti.

Nekudaro, kuvandudzwa kweturbine hazvisi zvese. Kazhinji, kukundikana kunoitika nekuda kwematambudziko nemamwe masisitimu anoshanda pasi pehodhi yemota yedu. Saka, usati wabatanidza zvakare turbocharger yakagadziriswa, inofanira kubviswa. Zvikasadaro, chinhu chichangobva kutsiviwa chinogona kukuvara - semuenzaniso, kana turbine isina mafuta ekuzora, inoputsika chinguva mushure mekutanga.

Supercharged kana zvakasikwa aspirated injini?

Ese ari maviri supercharged uye neakasikwa aspirated units ane zvawo zvakanakira uye zvazvakaipira. Muchiitiko chekare, zvakakosha zvakakosha ndezvi: simba rakaderera, zvinoreva kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta, kubudiswa uye mari yakaderera inosanganisira inishuwarenzi, kushanduka kukuru uye kuderedza mari yekushandisa injini.

Xenon kana halogen? Ndezvipi zviedza zviri nani kusarudza

Nehurombo, injini ye turbocharged zvakare inoreva kutadza kwakawanda, dhizaini yakaoma, uye, zvinosuruvarisa, hupenyu hupfupi. Chinhu chikuru chakashata cheinjini inoshuva yakasikwa isimba rayo repamusoro uye mashoma masimba. Nekudaro, nekuda kweiyo dhizaini iri nyore, mauniti akadaro akachipa uye ari nyore kugadzirisa, uye zvakare anogara akasimba. Panzvimbo yekusundidzira chirevo, ivo vanopa yakapfava asi yakaenzana yunifomu simba rekuwedzera pasina iyo turbo lag maitiro.

Kwemakore mazhinji, turbocharger yakaiswa kunyanya peturu injini dzemitambo mota uye dizeli zvikamu. Parizvino, mota dzakakurumbira dzine turbocharged peturu injini dziri kuwedzera kuoneka muzvitoro zvemotokari. Semuenzaniso, mhando dzeVolkswagen Group dzine hupfumi hwekupa. Mugadziri weGerman anoshongedza hombe uye inorema VW Passat ine TSI injini ye1.4 litres chete. Pasinei nehukuru hunoita sehudiki, chikwata chinovandudza simba re 125 hp. Kusvika 180 hp MaGerman anosvina 1.8 TSI kunze kweyuniti, uye 2.0 TSI inoburitsa kusvika ku300 hp. Injini dzeTSI dzave kutanga kudarika dzakakurumbira TDI-branded turbodiesels.