Yakagadziriswa uye inosiyana geometry turbocharger - chii chakasiyana?
Kazhinji kana tichitsanangura injini, izwi rokuti "variable turbocharger geometry" rinoshandiswa. Zvakasiyana sei nekugara uye ndezvipi zvakanakira nekuipira?
Turbocharger chishandiso chave chichishandiswa zvakanyanya muinjini dzedhiziri kubva kuma80s, ichiwedzera torque uye simba uye zvinokanganisa kushandiswa kwemafuta. Yakanga iri yekutenda kune turbocharger kuti madhiziri akange asisaonekwe seane tsvina inoshanda michina. Mune injini dzepeturu, vakatanga kuita basa rimwechete uye vakaonekwa kakawanda mumakore ekuma90, nekufamba kwenguva vakawana mukurumbira, uye mushure megore ra2010 vakave vakajairika mumajini epeturu sezvavaive muma80s uye 90. mumadhiziri.
Turbocharger inoshanda sei?
Turbocharger ine turbine uye compressor yakaiswa pane imwe shaft uye mune imwe imba yakakamurwa kuita maviri anenge maviri mativi. Iyo turbine inofambiswa nemagasi emhepo kubva kune yakawanda yekuburitsa, uye iyo compressor, iyo inotenderera pane imwechete rotor neiyo turbine uye inotungamirwa nayo, inogadzira kumanikidza kwemhepo, iyo inonzi. replenishment. Inobva yapinda mumakamuri ekutora uye anopisa. Iyo yakakwira iyo epoust gasi pressure (yepamusoro injini kumhanya), iyo inokwirisa iyo compression pressure.
Dambudziko guru rine turbocharger riri muchokwadi ichi, nekuti pasina yakafanira gasi kukurumidza kubuda, hapazove nekumanikidzwa kwakakodzera kwekumanikidza mhepo kupinda muinjini. Supercharging inoda imwe huwandu hwemhepo yekupedza gasi kubva kune imwe injini pane imwe kumhanya - pasina kukwenenzverwa kwemhepo, hapana kukwidziridzwa kwakaringana, saka injini dzepamusoro pane yakaderera rpm haina kusimba zvakanyanya.
Kuti uderedze chiitiko chisingadikanwi ichi, turbocharger ine zviyero zvakaringana zveinjini yakapihwa inofanira kushandiswa. Iyo diki (diki dhayamita rotor) "inotenderera" nekukurumidza nekuti inogadzira kushoma kukweva (ishoma inertia), asi inopa mhepo shoma, uye saka haizobudiriri kuwedzera kukuru, i.e. simba. Iyo turbine yakakura, iyo inonyanya kushanda, asi inoda kuwedzera kupera gasi mutoro uye nguva yakawanda yeku "spin up". Iyi nguva inonzi turbo lag kana lag. Saka, zvine musoro kushandisa turbocharger duku injini (kusvika anenge 2 litres) uye hombe nokuti hombe injini. Nekudaro, makuru achine dambudziko rekunonoka, saka Injini hombe dzinowanzo shandisa bi-turbo uye mapatya-turbo masisitimu.
Petroli ine jekiseni rakananga - nei turbo?
Variable geometry - mhinduro kudambudziko returbo lag
Iyo inonyanya kushanda nzira yekudzikisa turbo lag ndeye kushandisa inoshanduka geometry turbine. Mavhane anofambiswa, anonzi vanes, anoshandura nzvimbo yawo (angle of inclination) uye nokudaro anopa chimiro chinoshanduka kune kuyerera kwemagasi emhepo anorova mablades asingachinji eturbine. Zvichienderana nekumanikidza kwemagasi ekupedza, mablades akaiswa pakona yakakura kana yakaderera, iyo inomhanyisa kutenderera kwe rotor kunyangwe pakadzika yakadzika gasi kudzvinyirira, uye pakakwirira kupera kwegasi kudzvanywa, turbocharger inoshanda seyakajairwa isina kushanduka. geometry. Marudhi akaiswa nepneumatic kana electronic drive. Variable turbine geometry yakatanga kushandiswa ingangoita muinjini dzedhiziri., asi iye zvino yava kunyanya kushandiswa nepeturu.
Mhedzisiro yekusiyana geometry yakawanda kukurumidza kukwirisa kubva kune yakaderera revs uye kusavapo kwechinguva chinoonekwa che "kuvhura turbo". Sekutonga, injini dzedhiziri ine inogara turbine geometry inomhanyisa kusvika ku2000 rpm nekukurumidza. Kana iyo turbo iine geometry inoshanduka, inogona kumhanyisa mushe uye zvakajeka kubva kunenge 1700-1800 rpm.
Iyo inoshanduka geometry yeturbocharger inoita kunge ine mamwe ma pluses, asi izvi hazvisi nguva dzose. Pamusoro pazvose hupenyu hwebasa hwema turbine akadaro hwakaderera. Carbon deposits pamavhiri anogona kuvharika kuitira kuti injini iri pakakwirira kana yakaderera ive isina simba rayo. Zvakaipisisa, zvakasiyana-siyana geometry turbochargers zvakanyanya kuoma kudzorerazve, izvo zvinodhura zvakanyanya. Dzimwe nguva kuberekwazve kwakakwana hakutombogoneki.
