Zvakaoma negiravhiti, asi zvakatonyanya kuipa pasina
Kuonekwa kanopfuura kamwe mumabhaisikopo, "kubatidza" simba rinokwevera pasi muchikepe chinofamba muchadenga chinotaridzika zvakanaka. Kunze kwekuti vagadziri vavo vanenge vasingambotsananguri kuti zvinoitwa sei. Dzimwe nguva, sa2001: A Space Odyssey (1) kana Vatasvi vatsva, ngarava inoratidzwa kuti inofanirwa kutenderedzwa kutevedzera simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi.
Munhu anogona kubvunza zvinodenha - nei simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi richidiwa muchikepe chemuchadenga zvachose? Pashure pezvose, zviri nyore pasina simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi, vanhu vanoneta zvishoma, zvinhu zvinotakurwa hazviremi, uye mabasa mazhinji anoda simba shoma zvikuru romuviri.
Zvinoitika, zvisinei, kuti kuedza uku, kwakabatana nekuramba kukundwa kwesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi, kwakakosha zvakanyanya kwatiri isu nemuviri wedu. Hapana simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasiVazivi venyeredzi vagara vachiratidzwa kuti vanoona kurasikirwa kwemapfupa uye tsandanyama. Vazivi venyeredzi paISS kurovedza muviri, vanonetsekana nekushaya simba kwetsandanyama uye kurasikirwa kwebhonzo, asi vachiri kurasikirwa nemapfupa munzvimbo. Vanofanirwa kuwana maawa maviri kusvika matatu ekurovedza muviri pazuva kuchengetedza tsandanyama uye hutano hwemoyo. Uyezve, kwete chete zvinhu izvi, zvakanangana nemutoro pamuviri, zvinokanganiswa nekusavapo kwesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi. Kune matambudziko nekuchengetedza kuenzanisa, muviri unopera mvura. Uye uku kunongova kutanga kwematambudziko.
Zvinoratidza kuti naiyewo ari kupera simba. Mamwe masero anodzivirira zvirwere haagoni kuita basa rawo uye masero matsvuku eropa anofa. Inokonzera matombo eitsvo uye inoderedza mwoyo. Boka ramasayendisiti kubva kuRussia neCanada rakaongorora migumisiro yemakore achangopfuura microgravity pamusoro pekuumbwa kwemapuroteni mumasampuli eropa evane gumi nevasere vekuRussia vanogara paInternational Space Station kwehafu yegore. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti mukusasimba immune system inoita senge kana muviri wabatwa, nekuti muviri wemunhu hauzive zvekuita uye unoedza kumisikidza ese anogona kudzivirira masisitimu.
Mukana mu centrifugal simba
Saka isu tinotoziva zvakanyanya izvozvo hapana simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi hazvina kunaka, zvinotova nengozi kuutano. Uye zvino chii? Kwete chete vagadziri vemafirimu, asiwo vaongorori vanoona mukana mukati centrifugal simba. Kuva nemoyo munyoro inertia forces, inotevedzera chiito chegiravhiti, ichiita zvinobudirira munzira yakatarisana nepakati peiyo inertial furemu yereferensi.
Kushanda kwakatsvakurudzwa kwemakore akawanda. PaMassachusetts Institute of Technology, semuenzaniso, aimbova astronaut Lawrence Young akaedza centrifuge, izvo zvinotiyeuchidza nezvechiratidzo chemufirimu 2001: A Space Odyssey. Vanhu vanorara nedivi pachikuva, vachisundidzira chimiro chemukati chinotenderera.
Sezvo tichiziva kuti simba repakati rinogona kutsiva simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi zvishoma, nei tisingagadziri ngarava kutendeuka uku? Zvakanaka, zvinoitika kuti hazvisi zvese zviri nyore, nekuti, chekutanga, zvikepe zvakadaro zvaifanira kunge zvakakura kupfuura izvo zvatiri kuvaka, uye imwe neimwe kirogiramu yehuremu inotakurwa munzvimbo inodhura zvakanyanya.
Funga, semuenzaniso, iyo International Space Station sechiyero chekuenzanisa uye ongororo. Yakada kuenzana nenhandare yenhabvu, asi nzvimbo yekugara inongova chidimbu chekukura kwayo.
Tevedzera simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi Muchiitiko ichi, simba re centrifugal rinogona kusvika nenzira mbiri. Kana kuti chinhu chimwe nechimwe chaitenderera chakaparadzana, icho chaizogadzira masisitimu madiki, asi zvino, sezvakataurwa nenyanzvi, izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekusagara kunofadza kune vanoongorora nyeredzi, vanogona, semuenzaniso, inzwa giravhiti yakasiyana mumakumbo ako kupfuura mumuviri wako wepamusoro. Mune vhezheni yakakura, iyo ISS yese yaizotenderera, iyo, chokwadi, yaizofanira kugadzirwa zvakasiyana, senge mhete (2). Parizvino, kuvaka chivako chakadaro kunoreva mari yakawanda uye inoita seisingagoneki.
2. Chiono chemhete yeorbital inopa simba rekugadzira
Zvisinei, kune mamwe mazano zvakare. semuenzaniso, boka revasayendisiti paYunivhesiti yeColorado kuBoulder riri kushanda pamhinduro ine zvimwe zvishoma vavariro. Panzvimbo pekuyera "kudzoreredza simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi," masayendisiti ari kutarisisa kugadzirisa matambudziko ehutano ane chekuita nekushaikwa kwegiravhiti munzvimbo.
Sezvakaumbwa nevatsvakurudzi veBoulder, vazivi vemuchadenga vaigona kukambaira mumakamuri akakosha kwemaawa akati wandei pazuva kuti vawane mwero wezuva nezuva wesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi, iro rinofanirwa kugadzirisa matambudziko ehutano. Zvidzidzo zvinoiswa pachikuva chesimbi chakafanana netrolley yechipatara (3). Iyi inonzi centrifuge inotenderera nekumhanya kusina kuenzana. The angular velocity inogadzirwa necentrifuge inosunda makumbo emunhu akananga kwakadzika kwepuratifomu, sekunge akamira pasi pehuremu hwavo.
3. Chigadzirwa chakaedzwa paYunivhesiti yeBoulder.
Sezvineiwo, rudzi urwu rwemaekisesaizi rwune chekuita nekusvotwa. Vatsvagiri vakatsvaga kuti vaone kana kusvotwa kuri iko chaiko mutengo weti wakabatana nawo. Giravhiti yekugadzira. Vanogona kudzidzisa miviri yavo kuti igadzirire mamwe maG-force? Pakupera kwechikamu chegumi chevazvipiri, zvidzidzo zvese zvaive zvichitenderera paavhareji yekumhanyisa kweavhareji gumi nenomwe revolutions paminiti pasina mhedzisiro isingafadzi, kusvotwa, nezvimwewo. Uku kubudirira kukuru.
Pane dzimwe pfungwa dzesimba rinokwevera zvinhu muchikepe. Izvi zvinosanganisira, semuenzaniso, iyo Canadian Type System Design (LBNP), iyo pachayo inogadzira ballast yakatenderedza chiuno chemunhu, ichigadzira manzwiro ekuremerwa muzasi muviri. Asi zvakakwana here kuti munhu adzivise migumisiro yekubhururuka kwechadenga, iyo isingafadzi kune hutano? Zvinosuruvarisa, izvi hazvisi zvechokwadi.
