Carbon fibers kubva kumiti
Carbon fibers yakashandura nzvimbo zhinji dzehupenyu hwedu senge civil engineering, aviation uye indasitiri yemauto. Dzakasimba zvakapetwa kashanu kupfuura simbi asi dzakareruka zvikuru. Izvowo, zvinosuruvarisa, zvinodhura. Boka revatsvagiri paNational Renewable Energy Laboratory muColorado rakagadzira tekinoroji yekugadzira kabhoni fibers kubva kune inogona kuvandudzwa. Kutenda kune izvi, zvinokwanisika kuderedza zvakanyanya mutengo wavo uye panguva imwechete kuderedza greenhouse gasi kubuda.
Carbon fibers inoratidzirwa nehupamhi hwekuoma, yakakwirira mechanical simba uye yakaderera uremu. Nekuda kwezvivakwa izvi, zvakashandiswa mukuvaka, kusanganisira kwemakore mazhinji. ndege, motokari dzemitambo, pamwe chete nemabhasikoro uye tenisi rackets. Anowanikwa mukuita pyrolysis yemapolymers e petroleum origin (kunyanya polyacrylonitrile), iyo ine maawa akawanda ekupisa kwepolymer fibers patembiricha inosvika 3000 ℃, isina oxygen uye pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya. Izvi zvakakwana carbonizes fiber - hapana chakasara kunze kwekabhoni. Maatomu echinhu ichi anoumba yakarongedzerwa hexagonal chimiro (yakafanana negraphite kana graphene), iyo inokonzeresa zvakanyanya kushamisa kwekabhoni fibers.
MaAmerican haaronge kushandura nhanho yepyrolysis pachayo. Pane kudaro, ivo vanoda kushandura nzira yavanoita yavo huru mbishi zvinhu, polyacrylonitrile. Iko kuumbwa kwepolymer iyi kunoda acrylonitrile, iyo ikozvino inoumbwa nekuda kwekugadziriswa kwemafuta asina kuchena. Colorado masayendisiti ari kuronga kuitsiva nemarara epurazi. Mashuga anotorwa kubva mubiomass akadaro anoviriswa nema microorganisms akasarudzwa uye zvino zvigadzirwa zvawo zvinoshandurwa kuita acrylonitrile. Kugadzirwa kunoenderera semazuva ese.
Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinogoneka patsva mukuita uku kuchabatsira kuderedza kuburitsa gasi regreenhouse mumhepo. Kuwanikwa kwepolyacrylonitrile mumusika kuchawedzerawo, izvo zvinozotungamira kuderedzwa kwemitengo yecarbon fibers kwakavakirwa pairi. Inosara chete kumirira kushandiswa kwemaindasitiri kweiyi nzira.
kunobva: popsci.com, mufananidzo: upload.wikimedia.org
