Kuderedza saizi - chii?

Kubva ku70s, takaona maitiro ayo makambani emotokari akatsvaga kudzikisa ukuru hwekutapurirana uku achichengetedza mashandiro anozivikanwa kubva kuzvizvarwa zvekare. Kudzikisira muitiro unotarisirwa kuguma nehupfumi uye kushanda kweinjini uye kudzikisira kuburitsa nekudzikisa huwandu uye huwandu hwemasilinda. Sezvo fashoni yerudzi urwu rwechiito ine tsika yakareba, nhasi tinogona kutora mhedziso pamusoro pekuti zvinogoneka uye zvakanyanya kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza kutsiva injini huru nediki uye kuchengetedza basa rinotarisirwa.

Chii chauchadzidza kubva pane ino post?

• Ndedzipi dzaive fungidziro dzevagadziri maererano nekuderedza ukuru?
• Injini diki-cylinder inoshanda sei?
• Kusawirirana kupi kwakamuka pakudzikiswa kwacho?
• Ndeipi yaive mwero wekutadza kwemamota madiki?

Kupfupi kutaura

Injini dzakadzikiswa dzine masilinda maviri kusvika matatu, imwe neimwe inosvika 0,4cc. Zvinonzi, dzinofanirwa kuve dzakareruka, dzinopisa zvishoma uye dzakachipa kugadzira, asi mazhinji acho haashande nemazvo, kupera simba nekukasira, uye zvakaoma kuwana mutengo unoyevedza werudzi urwu rwekugadzira. Yakagadzirwa nevagadziri veimwe uye kaviri recharging inogona kuvandudza kushanda kweiyo module. Masisitimu akabudirira anosanganisira iyo 3 TSI matatu-cylinder injini mumotokari diki dzeVolkswagen uye Škoda Octavia station wagon.

Kuderedzwa kwei?

Yakaderedzwa kusvika kutsiva injini huru nediki. Nekudaro, iyo generalization yepfungwa yekuchinjisa injini kumota dzese haina chokwadi - iyo 1.6 injini, iyo dzimwe nguva inoshanduka kuva diki kumota yepakati-renji, inoshanda zvine hungwaru mumotokari compact. Izvo zvinoitikawo kuti mota dzine injini hombe ine simba vanongoshandisa simba ravo rose kwenguva pfupi uye simba remafuta rinoshandiswa harina kushandiswa zvakanaka.

Iko tsika yekumhanyisa injini pane shoma shoma yemafuta inokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvezvakatipoteredza. Naizvozvo, vagadziri vakaedza kwemakore kudzikamisa injini simba uye kuona kuti panguva yekugadzira nekugadzira chikamu, kuitira kuti muchina ufambe zvakanaka kunyangwe uine yakaderera injini paramitazvisinei, havape nguva dzose mugumisiro unodiwa.

Injini yechinyakare uye yakaderedzwa inoshanda sei?

Torque ine basa rekugadzira simba rekutyaira painjini yekutsigira mavhiri mucylinder. Kana nhamba yemasilinda yakanyatsosarudzwa, mari yekupisa ichaderedzwa uye zvakanakisisa zvinogoneka zvichawanikwa.... Iyo yakakwana yekushanda vhoriyamu yehumburumbira imwe ndeye 0,5-0,6 cm3. Saka, injini simba rinofanira kuva sezvinotevera:

• 1,0-1,2 kune maviri-cylinder masisitimu,
• 1,5-1,8 yematatu-cylinder masisitimu,
• 2,0-2,4 yechina-cylinder masisitimu.

Zvisinei, vagadziri vane mudzimu wokuderedza vanoona zvakakodzera. humburumbira vhoriyamu 0,3-0,4 cm3... Muchiono, zvimiro zvidiki zvinotarisirwa kuguma nemitengo yakaderera yekushandisa uye kuderera kwemafuta ekufambisa. Asi ndizvo chaizvo here?

Iyo torque inowedzera mukuenzana nesaizi yecylinder uye kumhanya kwekutenderera kunoderera.nekuti zvinorema senge tsvimbo yekubatanidza, piston, uye gudgeon pin inonetsa kufamba kupfuura injini diki. Kunyange zvazvo zvingaita sezvinofadza kutenderera nokukurumidza muhumburumbira duku, ramba uchifunga kuti injini yakavakirwa pairi. haizofambe zvakanaka kana kubviswa kwe silinda yega yega uye torque isingaenderane..

Kana vhoriyamu ye cylinder isingapfuuri 0,4 litita, zvichave zvakafanira kubhadhara mutsauko uyu neimwe nzira yekufamba kwakanaka. Parizvino turbocharger kana turbocharger ine mechanical compressor. inobvumira kuwedzera torque panguva yakaderera rpm... Mukuita kunozivikanwa sekuchaja imwe chete kana kaviri, mweya wakawanda unomanikidzwa kupinda mukamuri yekupisa uye Injini ye "oxygenated" inopisa mafuta zvakanyanya.... Iyo torque inowedzera uye iyo yakanyanya simba inowedzera, zvichienderana ne rpm. Besides yakananga jekiseni inomuka mumainjini ane zviyero zvakaderedzwa, inovandudza kupisa kweiyo yakaderera-yakakosha musanganiswa wemafuta nemhepo.

Kusawirirana kupi kwakamuka pakudzikiswa kwacho?

Hazvisi zvakaoma kuwana motokari pamusika ine injini inenge 100 horsepower uye vhoriyamu isingasviki 1 litre. Nehurombo, ruzivo rwevagadziri vemazuva ano uye hunyanzvi hwekugona hahubvumire kusangana kwakasimba kwemamiriro ekunze. Mhedzisiro yacho inopesana uye mukuita, kubuda kwemhepo kunowedzera nekuderera kwechitima chekutyaira. Iko fungidziro yekuti injini diki inoreva kushomeka kwemafuta haisi yechokwadi zvachose - kana injini yekushandisa mamiriro nekudzikisira isingafadzi, inogona kupisa kunyange kupfuura 1.4 injini... Mafungiro ehupfumi anogona kuva nharo "mukuda" nyaya. kutyaira kwakatsetseka... Nechimiro chehasha, kushandiswa kwemafuta muguta kunowedzera kusvika ku22 litres pa100 km!

Injini dzakareruka dzine masilinda mashoma dzinowanzo wedzera mari - dzinodhura zvimwe zviuru zvishoma paunodzitenga. Mabhenefiti avanopa anobva pa0,4 kusvika parita remafuta kana akaverengerwa pamakiromita chiuru ekufamba.saka ivo vakanyanya kudiki kuti vawedzere mukurumbira werudzi urwu rwemodule. Vatyairi vakajaira kushanda neina-cylinder injini vachave vasina kugadzikana nekuda kwe ruzha rwemhando mbiri uye nhatu-cylinder, iyo isina chekuita neyemhando yepamusoro injini hum... Izvi zvinodaro nekuti maviri-nematatu-cylinder masisitimu anoburitsa kuzunguza kwakawanda, saka ruzha rwunokanganiswa.

Kune rimwe divi, kuitwa kwechinangwa chikuru chekudzikisa ukuru, kudzikisa mutengo wekuwedzera, inoremedza mota diki... Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvimiro zvakadaro zvinopera nekukurumidza. Saka nekudaro, maitiro akadzoserwa kumashure, General Motors, Volkswagen neRenault vese vachizivisa kuti vaive vapedza machekwa muna 2016.

Pane mienzaniso ipi neipi inobudirira yokuderedza uwandu?

Diki 0,8-1,2 kaviri silinda, kunyangwe isiri nguva dzose, inogona kubudirira zvakanyanya. Injini diki dzine masilinda mashoma uye saka zvikamu zvishoma zvinodikanwa kupisa zvinhu zvinokwesha.... Dzinobatsira, asi chete pakutyaira kwakasimba. Rimwe dambudziko nderekuti mamwe matambudziko anomuka kana saizi yemotor yakaderedzwa. Izvi zvinonyanya kushanda uye kusavimbika kwemhinduro dzetekinoroji dzejekiseni kana kubhadharisa kamwechete kana kaviri, izvo zvinodzikira zvichienderana nekuwedzera kwemutoro. Saka pane here kudzikisira mota kwakakodzera kurumbidzwa? Hongu, mumwe wavo zvechokwadi iyo matatu-cylinder 1.0 TSI injini inozivikanwa kwete chete neVolkswagen compact vans, asiwo yeSkoda Octavia ine station wagon..

Pasinei nokuti unosarudza motokari ine kana isina injini yakaderedzwa, iwe unoitarisira nguva dzose. Iwe unogona kuwana zvikamu zvemotokari, zvinwiwa zvekushanda uye zvinodikanwa zvekuzora pane webhusaiti avtotachki.com. Nzira yakanaka!