Kuisa chibatiso chemoto panzvimbo yecatalyst - basic principles

Varidzi vemotokari vazhinji vanoedza nepavanogona napo kuvandudza kushanda kwemotokari yavo, kuwedzera hupenyu hwayo, uye kuderedza mari yekugadzirisa.

Vatyairi vanowanzotarisana nemubvunzo: catalyst kana flame arrester?

Kuti ugadzirise dambudziko iri, unofanira kupindura mibvunzo inotevera:

• Chii chinokonzera?
• Chii chinonzi chinosunga moto?
• Ndezvipi zvakanakira nezvazvakaipira?

Chaizvoizvo, vapepeti veiyo Vodi.su portal vanofarira zvikuru nyaya iyi, saka isu tichaedza kuzviongorora.

Vehicle exhaust system: catalytic converter

Pamwe vanhu vazhinji vanorangarira kubva kukemesitiri kosi kuti catalyst chinhu umo maitiro akasiyana-siyana emakemikari anoitika nekukurumidza.

Kupisa kwepeturu kunoburitsa zvinhu zvakawanda zvinosvibisa mhepo:

• carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide;
• mahydrocarboni, izvo zviri chimwe chezvikonzero zvekuumbwa kwechimiro cheutsi mumaguta makuru;
• nitrogen oxides, izvo zvinokonzeresa mvura yeasidhi.

Upfu hwemvura hunoburitswawo muhuwandu hukuru. Magasi ose aya zvishoma nezvishoma anokonzera kudziya kwepasi. Kuti vaderedze zviri mukati mavo mukupopota, vakasarudza kuisa macatalysts - rudzi rwekupedza gasi mafirita. Iwo akabatanidzwa zvakananga kune exhaust manifold, iyo inogamuchira yakakwira-kudzvanywa magesi emhepo kubva mujini, uye aya magasi anopisa kwazvo.

Zviri pachena kuti iyo exhaust system inogona kuve neyakasiyana dhizaini, asi zvakanyanya chirongwa chayo ndeichi:

• dandemutande (exhaust manifold);
• lambda probe - ma sensor anokosha anoongorora chiyero chekupisa kwehuni mushure;
• catalyst;
• second lambda probe;
• muffler.

Iyo purogiramu yekombuta inofananidza kuverenga kwema sensors kubva kune yekutanga neyechipiri lambda probes. Kana dzikasasiyana, ipapo iyo catalyst yakavharwa, saka Check Engine inovhenekera. Imwe catalyst inogona zvakare kuisirwa kuseri kwechipiri lambda probe yekuwedzera kwakazara exhaust kucheneswa.

Sistimu yakadaro inodiwa kuitira kuti iyo inopera ienderane neyakaomesesa zviyero zvezvakatipoteredza zveEuropean Union zve CO2 zvemukati.

Mota dzekunze dzinonyanya kushandisa ceramic catalysts, dzakagadzirirwa avhareji ye100-150 zviuru zvemamaira. Nokufamba kwenguva, iyo catalyst inovharika, uye masero ayo anoparadzwa, uye anotevera matambudziko anooneka:

• kuderedzwa kwesimba rejinjini, kuderera kwesimba;
• extraneous ruzha - detonation yehuni uye kupisa kwemafuta ayo akanyudza mukati meiyo catalyst;
• kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta nepeturu.

Saizvozvowo, mutyairi anofarira kugadzirisa dambudziko nekukurumidza, asi paanouya kuchitoro chezvikamu zvemotokari uye anotarisa pamitengo, manzwiro haasi akanakisisa. Bvumiranai, haasi munhu wese anoda kubhadhara kubva ku300 kusvika ku2500 euros kune imwe catalyst.

Uyezve, kunyangwe iyo waranti ichivhara 50-100 zviuru zvemakiromita, iwe unogona kurambwa nekuda kwechikonzero chebhanari - yakaderera-mhando yemumba yekurasa mafuta.

Flame arrester instead of catalyst

Iwo makuru mabasa anogadziriswa nekuiswa kwemoto unosunga:

• kuderedza ruzha;
• kuderedzwa kwesimba rekupedza magasi;
• kuderera kwekushisa kwegesi.

Iyo inosunga murazvo inoiswa panzvimbo yekutanga catalyst, nepo CO2 yemukati mumhepo inowedzera - iyi ndiyo dhizaini huru yekuiswa kwayo.

Kuderedza ruzha kunokonzerwa nedzimba mbiri-layer. Pakati pezvikamu zvesimbi pane chinhu chinosveta, chinogona kuva dense isingabatiki mineral wool. Zvinodiwa zvesimbi zvakanyanyisa: mukati memukati unofanirwa kumira kutonhora kwakanyanya, kunze kwekunze kunofanira kumira nguva dzose kusvibiswa kune unyoro, tsvina, uyewo anti-ice reagents, izvo zvatakanyora pamusoro peVodi.su.

Iyo pombi yemukati ine peforated surface, nekuda kwekuti simba uye kukurumidza kwemagasi emhepo inobuda kubva kune yakawanda inopera inodzimwa. Nokudaro, muchengeti wemoto anoitawo basa resonator.

Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti vhoriyamu yayo inoenderana nehuwandu hweinjini. Kana iri diki, izvi zvinotungamira kune chokwadi chekuti kana injini yatangwa uye kana throttle yakavhurwa, chimiro chesimbi chinonzwika. Mukuwedzera, simba rejini richadonha, uye iyo inopedza simba pachayo ichapera nokukurumidza, uye mabhangi anongopisa.

Iyo yemukati yemukati yekuvharisa inzwi inobata kinetic simba remagasi, kuitira kuti iyo yese exhaust system iwane kushoma vibration. Izvi zvinoratidzwa zvakanaka muhupenyu hwayo hwebasa.

Sarudzo yemubati wemoto

Pakutengesa unogona kuwana sarudzo huru yezvigadzirwa zvakafanana.

Kubva kune vagadziri vekunze isu tinosarudza:

• Platinum, Asmet, Ferroz yakagadzirwa muPoland;
• Marmittezara, Asso - Italy;
• Bosal, Walker - Belgium nevamwe vakawanda.

Kazhinji, vagadziri vanozivikanwa vanogadzira zvibatiso zvemoto zveimwe mhando yemota, kunyangwe painewo epasirese.

Chiyero chemutengo chinoratidza:

• iyo catalyst inodhura kubva ku5000 rubles;
• murazvo unosunga - kubva ku1500.

Muchidimbu, hapana chinoshamisira pano, sezvo chigadziriso chinenge chakaoma, nepo murazvo wemoto unosanganisira zvidimbu zviviri zvepombi ine gobvu gasket reinzwi-inobata refractory zvinhu.

Kune, hongu, fakes dzakachipa dzinopisa nekukurumidza, asi hadzitengeswi muzvitoro zvakakomba.

Iyo chete yakaipa ndeyekuwedzera kwekubuda kwemagasi anokuvadza, asi muRussia zviyero zvezvakatipoteredza hazvina kuomarara sekuEurope kana USA.

Ford Focus 2 catalyst (kugadzirisa)

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