Iyo mudziyo uye musimboti wekushanda kweiyo vharafu vharuvhu

Iyo vharuvhu inopinza ndeimwe yezvakakosha zvikamu zveinotora system yeinjini yemukati yemoto. Mumotokari, inowanikwa pakati pekudyiwa kwakasiyana siyana uye firita yemhepo. Mune injini dzedhiziri, throttle haidiwe, zvisinei, ichiri kuiswa pane injini dzemazuva ano kana paine emergency emergency. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu akafanana neepeturu injini ine vharuvhu yekusimudza control system. Basa hombe remagetsi evharusi kupa uye kugadzirisa kuyerera kwemhepo kunodiwa kuti uite musanganiswa wemhepo-yemafuta. Nekudaro, kugadzikana kweinjini yekushandisa modes, danho rekushandisa mafuta uye hunhu hwemota yacho yese zvinoenderana nekushanda chaiko kwedamper.

Kudzipa mudziyo

Mukutaura kunoshanda, vharuvhu yekumusoro igate remarara. Panzvimbo yakavhurika, kumanikidzwa muhurongwa hwekudya hwakaenzana nedenga remhepo. Sezvo ichivhara, inoderera, ichisvika kune iyo yekukosha kukosha (izvi zvinoitika nekuti injini iri kunyatso kushanda sepombi). Icho chiri chikonzero ichi kuti iyo yekuvhara brake booster yakabatana kune yakawanda yekudyira. Nechimiro, iyo damper pachayo iplate yakatenderera iyo inogona kutenderedzwa 90 degrees. Imwe shanduko yakadaro kutenderera kubva pakuvhura kuzere kusvika pakuvhara vharuvhu.

Iyo throttle muviri (module) inosanganisira zvinotevera zvinhu:

• Dzimba dzakashongedzerwa nematanho mazhinji. Izvo zvakabatana nemhepo yekufema, huni hwemafuta kupora uye inotonhorera masystem (kupisa iyo damper).
• Actuator iyo inoisa vharuvhu mukufamba nekutsikirira gasi rinofamba nemutyairi.
• Position sensors, kana potentiometers. Ivo vanoyera kona yekuvhura yeiyo vharuvhu vharuvhu uye vanotumira chiratidzo kuinjini yekudzora yuniti. Mune masisitimu emazuva ano, ma sensors maviri ekudzora iko kupinza akaiswa, ayo anogona kunge achitsvedza kusangana (potentiometers) kana magnetoresistive (isiri-yekudyidzana).
• Idling mutongi. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uchengetedze yakapihwa crankshaft kumhanya mune yakavharwa maitiro. Ndokunge, iwo mashoma ekuvhura kona yeiyo damper inopihwa kana gasi rinosimudzwa.

Mhando uye modes dzekushanda kweiyo vharuvhu vharuvhu

Mhando ye throttle drive inosarudza dhizaini yayo, maitiro ekushanda uye kutonga. Inogona kunge iri michina kana magetsi (magetsi).

Zvokuimba kutyaira mudziyo

Yechinyakare uye bhajeti mota mamodheru ane mechina vharuvhu actuator, umo gasi chitiviri chakabatana zvakananga kune yekupfuura vharuvhu uchishandisa yakakosha tambo. Iyo michina dhiraivha yeiyo throttle vharafu ine zvinotevera zvinhu:

• accelerator (gasi chitiviri);
• tsvimbo uye maoko ekusvetuka;
• tambo yesimbi.

Kumanikidza gasi chitiviri kunoisa muchina mechina system ye levers, tsvimbo uye tambo, iyo inomanikidza iyo damper kutenderera (kuvhura). Nekuda kweizvozvo, mweya unotanga kuyerera muchirongwa uye musanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta unoumbwa. Iyo yakawanda mweya inopihwa, iyo yakawanda mafuta inopinda uye, nekudaro, iyo yekumhanyisa ichawedzera. Kana iyo yekumhanyisa iri munzvimbo isingashande, iyo throttle inodzokera kune yakavharwa nzvimbo. Pamusoro peiyo yekutanga modhi, mechina masystem anogona zvakare kusanganisira echinyorwa kudzora kweiyo throttle chinzvimbo uchishandisa yakakosha mubato.

Nheyo yekushanda kwemagetsi dhiraivha

Yechipiri uye yazvino mhando yemadampers ndeye yemagetsi throttle (inoshandiswa nemagetsi uye inodzorwa nemagetsi). Misiyano yayo yekutanga ndeiyi:

• Hapana akananga mekutanirana kudyidzana pakati peturu uye damper. Panzvimbo iyoyo, zvemagetsi kudzora zvinoshandiswa, izvo zvakare zvinobvumidza iyo injini torque kuve yakasiyanasiyana pasina kudikanwa kwekudzvinyirira chitiviri.
• Iko kumhanya kwekusashanda kweinjini kunochinjika otomatiki nekufambisa kubhowa.

Iyo yemagetsi system inosanganisira:

• gasi chitiviri uye chinzwa chinzvimbo chinzvimbo sensors;
• electronic engine control unit (ECU);
• motokari yemagetsi.

Iyo yemagetsi throttle yekudzivirira sisitimu inotorawo mukati meye anonongedzera kubva kugearbox, mamiriro ekudzora mamiriro, brake pedal chinzvimbo sensor, cruise control.

Kana iwe ukadzvanya iyo yekuwedzera, iyo gasi chitiviri chinzvimbo sensor, ine maviri akazvimirira potentiometers, inoshandura kuramba mumudunhu, chinova chiratidzo kune yemagetsi kudzora unit. Iyo yekupedzisira inopfuudza iwo akakodzera kuraira kune yemagetsi dhiraivha (mota) uye inoshandura iyo yekuvharira vharuvhu. Nzvimbo yayo, zvakare, inoongororwa nema sensors akakodzera. Vanotumira mhinduro ruzivo nezve iyo nyowani vharuvhu chinzvimbo kune iyo ECU.

Iyo yazvino throttle chinzvimbo chinonzwa ipotentiometer ine multidirectional masaini uye zvachose kushorwa kwe8 kΩ. Iyo iri pamuviri wayo uye inopindirana nekutenderera kweiyo axis, ichishandura iyo vheji yekuvhura vharuvhu kuva DC voltage.

Munzvimbo yakavharwa yevhavha, iyo voltage ichave ingangoita 0,7V, uye munzvimbo yakazara yakavhurika, inenge iri 4V. Ichi chiratidzo chinogamuchirwa nemutongi, nekudaro uchidzidza nezve muzana rekuvhurika kwetirobhu. Kubva pane izvi, huwandu hwemafuta anopihwa hunoverengerwa.

Izvo zvinobuda waveforms zveiyo damper chinzvimbo maseru ari multidirectional. Musiyano uripo pakati pehunhu hwacho hunotorwa sechiratidzo chekutonga. Maitiro aya anobatsira kubata nekukanganisa kunogona kuitika.

Kubatira basa uye kugadzirisa

Kana iyo throttle ikakundikana, module yayo inoshanduka zvachose, asi mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinokwana kuita kugadzirisa (kugadzirisa) kana kuchenesa. Saka, kuitira kunyatsoita mashandiro ehurongwa nemagetsi emagetsi, zvinofanirwa kuchinjisa kana kudzidzisa vharuvhu yekukamura. Maitiro aya anosanganisira kuchengetedza dhata pane yakanyanya vharuvhu nzvimbo (kuvhura nekuvhara) mundangariro dzemutongi.

Iko kuchinjika kweiyo vharuvhu vharuvhu inosungirwa muzviitiko zvinotevera:

• Paunenge uchitsiva kana kugadzirisa zvekare iyo yemagetsi control unit ye ​​mota mota.
• Kana uchitsiva iyo damper.
• Kana injini isina kugadzikana idling ichizivikanwa.

Muviri wekubara unodzidziswa pachiteshi chebasa uchishandisa chakakosha michina (scanners). Kupindira kusiri kwehunyanzvi kunogona kutungamira mukugadzirisa zvisiri izvo uye kudzikira kwekuita kwemotokari.

Kana dambudziko rikaitika padivi re sensor, mwenje wedambudziko padhibhodhi unovhenekera. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza zvese zvisiri izvo marongero uye akaputsika kubatana. Kumwe kukundikana kwakajairika kuputika kwemhepo, uko kunogona kuongororwa nekuwedzera kwakasimba kweinjini kumhanya.

Kunyangwe hazvo kuve nyore kwekugadzirwa, zvakanakisa kuisa kuongororwa uye kugadzirisa kweiyo vharuvhu vharuvhu kune nyanzvi ine ruzivo. Izvi zvichave nechokwadi chehupfumi, kugadzikana, uye zvakanyanya kukosha, kushanda kwakachengeteka kwemotokari uye nekuwedzera hupenyu hweinjini.