Iyo chishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda kweiyo oxygen sensor

Oxygen sensor - chishandiso chakagadzirirwa kurekodha huwandu hweoksijeni hunosara mumagetsi ekupedza enjini yemota. Inowanikwa mune yekudzimisa sisitimu padhuze nekatoni. Kubva pane iyo data inogamuchirwa nejenareta jenareta, iyo yemagetsi injini yekudzora yuniti (ECU) inogadzirisa iyo kuverenga kweiyo yakakwana chikamu chemweya-mafuta musanganiswa. Iyo yakawandisa mweya chiyero mukuumbwa kwayo inoratidzwa muindasitiri yemotokari netsamba yechiGiriki lambda (λ), nekuda kweiyo iyo sensor yakagamuchira zita rechipiri - lambda probe.

Yakawandisa mweya chinhu λ

Usati wabvarura dhizaini yeiyo oxygen sensor uye musimboti wekushanda kwayo, zvinodikanwa kuti utore paramende yakakosha seyakanyanya mweya chiyero chemafuta-emhepo musanganiswa: chii icho, zvazvinoita uye nei ichiyerwa ne sensor.

Mune dzidziso yekushanda kweICE, pane pfungwa yakadai se stoichiometric reshiyo - ichi ndicho chikamu chakaringana chemweya uye mafuta, uko kupisa kwakazara kwemafuta kunoitika mukamuri yemoto yeinjini humburumbira. Iyi paramende yakakosha kwazvo, pahunhu hwayo hunowanikwa mafuta ekuendesa uye enjini dzekushandisa. Izvo zvakaenzana 14,7 kg yemweya kusvika 1 kg yemafuta (14,7: 1). Nomuzvarirwo, huwandu hwakadai hwemusanganiswa wemhepo-yemafuta haupinde musilinda panguva imwechete panguva, ingori chikamu chinoverengerwa mamiriro chaiwo.

Kuwedzera mweya chiyero (λ) Chiyero cheiyo chaiyo huwandu hwemhepo inopinda muinjini kune inofungidzirwa inodiwa (stoichiometric) huwandu hwekuzara kwakakwana kwemafuta. Mumashoko akareruka, iri "zvakadii (zvishoma) mhepo yakapinda mutirinda kupfuura zvayaifanira kuva nazvo".

Zvichienderana nemutengo we λ, pane matatu marudzi eakavhenganiswa nemhepo-mafuta:

• λ = 1 - stoichiometric musanganiswa;
• λ <1 - musanganiswa "wakapfuma" (kubuda - kusungunuka; kushomeka - mweya);
• λ> 1 - musanganiswa "wakaonda" (wakawandisa - mhepo; kushaya - mafuta).

Injini dzemazuva ano dzinogona kumhanya pamhando dzese nhatu dzemusanganiswa, zvinoenderana nebasa razvino (hupfumi hwemafuta, kumhanyisa kwakanyanya, kudzikisira kwemisanganiswa yezvinhu zvinokuvadza mumweya wekuzadza). Kubva pakuona kweakanyanya kukosha einjini simba, iyo coefficient lambda inofanira kunge iine kukosha kweanosvika 0,9 ("akapfuma" musanganiswa), iyo shoma yekushandisa peturu inoenderana neye stoichiometric musanganiswa (λ = 1). Mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yekuchenesa gasi rekudzimisa inozoonekwawo pa λ = 1, nekuti mashandiro akanaka eanoshandura anobatsira anoitika nesanganiswa stoichiometric yemusanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta.

Chinangwa cheokisijeni sensors

Ma sensors maviri eoksijeni anoshandiswa seyakajairika mumota dzazvino (yein-line injini). Imwe pamberi pechigadziro (yepamusoro lambda probe), uye yechipiri shure kwayo (yakaderera lambda probe). Iko hakuna misiyano mukugadzirwa kwema sensors ekumusoro neepasi, anogona kunge akafanana, asi anoita akasiyana mabasa.

Iyo yekumusoro kana yekumberi okisijeni sensor inoona iyo yasara okisijeni mune yekuzadza gasi. Zvichienderana nechiratidzo chinobva pane ino sensor, injini inodzora unit "inonzwisisa" ndeipi mhando yemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa iyo injini iri kumhanya pairi (stoichiometric, yakapfuma kana yakaonda). Zvichienderana neyekuverenga oxygenator uye inodiwa mashandiro ekushandisa, iyo ECU inogadzirisa huwandu hwemafuta anopiwa kumasirinda. Kazhinji, kuendeswa kwemafuta kunochinjiswa kuenda kune iyo stoichiometric musanganiswa. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kana injini ikadziya, masaini anobva kune iyo sensor haateedzwe neinjini ECU kudzamara yasvika patembiricha yekushanda. Iyo yepasi kana yekumashure lambda probe inoshandiswa kuenderera mberi kugadzirisa kuumbwa kwemusanganiswa uye kuongorora kushanda kweshanduro inoshandura.

Dhizaini uye musimboti wekushanda kweiyo oxygen sensor

Kune akatiwandei emhando dzema lambda probes anoshandiswa mumota dzazvino. Ngatitarisei dhizaini uye musimboti wekushanda kweakanyanya kufarirwa - okisijeni sensor yakanangana ne zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). Iyo sensor inosanganisira zvinotevera zvinhu zvakakosha:

• Outer electrode - inosangana nemweya unopisa.
• Yemukati electrode - inosangana nemuchadenga.
• Heating element - yaishandiswa kupisa iyo oxygen sensor uye kuunza kune inoshanda tembiricha nekukurumidza (ingangoita 300 ° C).
• Solid electrolyte - iri pakati pemagetsi maviri (zirconia).
• Dzimba.
• Tip guard - ine maburi akakosha (ekuzora) kuti gasi rekubuda ripinde.

Iwo ekunze uye emukati ma electrode ane platinum-yakavharwa. Nheyo yekushanda kweiyo lambda probe inoenderana nekuitika kwemusiyano ungangovepo pakati peplatinum materu (maelektrode), ayo anonzwisisa oxygen. Izvo zvinoitika kana iyo electrolyte ichidziya, apo okisijeni ions inofamba kuburikidza nayo kubva mumhepo yemuchadenga uye gasi rekubvisa. Iwo ma voltage ari pane sensor electrode anoenderana neokisheni yekumanikidza mune yekuzadza magasi. Iyo yakakwira iyo, iyo yakaderera iyo voltage. Iyo okisijeni sensor chiratidzo voltage renji ndeye 100 kusvika 900 mV. Iyo chiratidzo ine sinusoidal chimiro, umo matunhu matatu anosiyaniswa: kubva pa100 kusvika ku450 mV - musanganiswa wakaonda, kubva pa450 kusvika 900 mV - mupfumi musanganiswa, 450 mV inoenderana neiyo stoichiometric kuumbwa kwemusanganiswa wemhepo-peturu.

Oxygenator sosi uye zvisizvo zvinoshanda

Iyo probe ye lambda ndeimwe yeanokurumidza kusakara maseru. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti inogara ichisangana nemweya wekuzadza uye zviwanikwa zvawo zvinoenderana nemhando yemafuta uye kushanda kweinjini. Semuenzaniso, zirconium okisijeni tangi ine zviwanikwa zvemakiromita zviuru makumi manomwe kusvika makumi matatu.

Sezvo mashandiro eese okisijeni maseru (ekumusoro uye ezasi) anotariswa neOBD-II pa-board board diagnostics system, kana chero ipi zvayo ikatadza, kukanganisa kunoenderana kunozonyorwa, uye nemwenje wekutarisa we "Check Injini" pane jira rechiridzwa ichavhenekera. Muchiitiko ichi, unogona kuongorora kutadza kushanda uchishandisa yakakosha yekuongorora scanner. Kubva pane sarudzo bhajeti, iwe unofanirwa kutarisisa iyo Scan Chishandiso Pro Nhema Edition.

Iyi yekuKorea inogadzirwa scanner inosiyana kubva kune yakafanana mune yayo yepamusoro yekuvaka mhando uye kugona kuongorora zvese zvinongedzo uye magungano emota, uye kwete injini chete. Iye zvakare anokwanisa kuteedzera kuverenga kweese sensors (kusanganisira oxygen) munguva chaiyo. Iyo scanner inoenderana nezvose zvakakurumbira zvirongwa zvekuongorora uye, ichiziva iyo inotenderwa magetsi kukosha, munhu anogona kutonga hutano hweiyo sensor.

Kana iyo okisijeni sensor iri kushanda nemazvo, chiratidzo chiratidzo chinogara chiri sinusoid, ichiratidza switching frequency yenguva dzinokwana kana masere mukati memasekonzi gumi. Kana iyo sensor iri kunze kweakarongeka, saka chiratidzo chechiratidzo chinosiyana neyekurevera imwe, kana mhinduro yayo kuchinjiso mukuumbwa kwemusanganiswa ichadzora zvakanyanya.

Iko kusakosha kukuru kweiyo oxygen sensor:

• kupfeka panguva yekushanda (sensor "kukwegura");
• kuvhura wedunhu rekupisa chinhu;
• kusvibiswa.

Ese aya marudzi ematambudziko anogona kukonzerwa nekushandiswa kwepasi-mhando mafuta, kupisa zvakanyanya, kuwedzerwa kwezvakasiyana zvinowedzerwa, iyo ingress yemafuta uye ekuchenesa vamiririri munzvimbo yekushandira yenzwi.

Oxygenator kusagadzikana zviratidzo:

• Kusashanda kwekunyevera kwechiedza chiratidzo padhibhodhi.
• Kupererwa nesimba.
• Kutadza kupindura gasi rinokanganisa.
• Injini yakaipa idling.

Mhando dzema lambda probes

Mukuwedzera kune zirconia, titanium uye Broadband okisijeni sensors zvinoshandiswa zvakare.

• Titanium. Mhando iyi yemakamuri eokisijeni ine titanium dioxide inonzwisisika chinhu. Iko tembiricha yekushanda yeiyi sensor inotanga kubva 700 ° C. Titanium lambda probes haidi mhepo yemuchadenga, nekuti iwo musimboti wekushanda kunoenderana neshanduko yemagetsi anobuda, zvinoenderana nekisheni yeoksijeni mune iyo chiutsi.
• Iyo Broadband lambda probe ndeye yakagadziridzwa modhi. Inosanganisira dutu remhepo uye chinhu chinopomba. Yekutanga inoyera kukosheswa kweoksijeni mune yekuzadza gasi, kurekodha iyo voltage inokonzerwa neanogona mutsauko. Tevere, kuverenga kwacho kunofananidzwa nereferensi kukosha (450 mV), uye, kana zvikaitika kutsauka, yazvino inoshandiswa, ichidenha jekiseni reion oxygen kubva pakubuda. Izvi zvinoitika kudzamara voltage yave kuenzana neiyo yakapihwa.

Iyo probe ye lambda chinhu chakakosha kwazvo cheinjini manejimendi sisitimu, uye kusashanda kwayo kunogona kutungamira kumatambudziko mukutyaira uye kukonzeresa kupfeka kwezvimwe zvikamu zveinjini. Uye sezvo isingakwanise kugadziriswa, inofanira kuchinjwa nekukurumidza neimwe nyowani.