Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pedizili nepeturu injini?

Kunyangwe manyuko matsva emagetsi akadai segasi rechisikigo, mota dzemagetsi dzakasanganiswa neE-85 zviri kuwedzera kufarirwa, injini zhinji dzinopisa mukati dzinotengeswa muUnited States dzichiri kushanda nepeturu isina lead kana mafuta edhiziri. Nepo misiyano yemakemikari pakati pemafuta maviri akakosha, mashandisiro einjini aya mafuta ekuburitsa simba akafanana zvakanyanya. Ngatiburitse misiyano uye kufanana mumafuta nemainjini kuti iwe ugone kuita sarudzo ine ruzivo pane yekusarudza.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pepeturu nedhiziri?

Chaizvoizvo, peturu nedhiziri zvinobva mupetroleum, asi vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekuchenesa. Peturu isina lead inowanzokwenenzverwa kupfuura dhiziri. Iyo ine akati wandei kabhoni mamorekuru kubva muhukuru kubva C-1 kusvika C-13. Panguva yekupisa, peturu inosanganiswa nemhepo kuita mhute yobva yatungidza kugadzira simba. Munguva iyi, iyo yakakura carbon molecules (C-11 kusvika C-13) inonyanya kuoma kupisa, ndicho chikonzero inofungidzirwa kuti 80% chete yemafuta anopisa mukamuri inopisa pakuedza kwekutanga.

Mafuta edhiziri haana kucheneswa uye anokura muhukuru kubva C-1 kusvika C-25 carbon molecules. Nekuda kwekuoma kwekemikari yemafuta edhiziri, injini dzinoda kudzvanywa, spark, uye kupisa kupisa mamorekuru mukamuri yekupisa. Mafuta edhiziri asina kupiswa anozopedzisira adzingwa muhumburumbira se "utsi dema". Unogona kunge wakaona marori mahombe nedzimwe mota dzedhiziri dzichiburitsa utsi hutema kubva mupombi dzadzo, asi tekinoroji yedhiziri yavandudzika kusvika padanho rekuti isarudzo inoenderana nemhoteredzo ine hutsi hwakadzikira.

Injini dzepeturu nedhiziri dzakafanana pane dzakasiyana

Muchokwadi, peturu uye injini dzedhiziri dzakafanana pane dzakasiyana. Ose ari maviri ari mukati memoto injini dzinoshandura mafuta kuita simba kuburikidza neyakadzora kupisa. Mafuta nemhepo zvakasanganiswa uye kumanikidzwa mumhando mbiri dzeinjini. Mafuta anofanira kubatidza kuti ape simba rinodiwa neinjini. Iwo ese ari maviri anoshandisa emission control masisitimu, kusanganisira iyo EGR recirculation system, kuyedza uye kupisazve chinhu chemukati mukamuri yekupisa. Vese vari vaviri vanoshandisawo jekiseni remafuta sesosi yavo huru yekupinza. Madhiziri mazhinji anoshandisa turbocharger kumanikidza mamwe mafuta mukamuri yekupisa kuti ikurumidze kupisa kwayo.

Chii chakasiyana

Musiyano uripo pakati peinjini dzedhiziri negasi mabatiro adzinoita mafuta. Muinjini yepeturu, mafuta nemhepo zvinotsikirirwa pamwe chete pane imwe nguva mukutenderera kwasara nguva pfupi kuti pistoni isasundirwe kumusoro kuti isvike pa spark plug. Iyo spark plug inobatidza musanganiswa, ichidzikisa piston uye kuendesa simba kuburikidza nekutapurirana kumavhiri.

Mune injini yedhiziri, musanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta unomanikidzwa pakutanga kwekupisa, izvo zvinobudisa kupisa kwakakwana kupisa uye kupisa mafuta. Iyi nzira haidi spark plugs. Izwi rekuti compression ignition rinoshandiswa pane izvi. Kana kuita kwakafanana kukaitika muinjini yegasi, iwe unonzwa kutinhira, iyo chiratidzo chekugona kukanganisa injini. Injini dzedhiziri dzakatemerwa kuita basa rakajairwa rakadaro.

Simba uye torque ndiyo imwe nzvimbo iyo injini mbiri dzinosiyana uye inogona kunge yakanyanya kukosha kune zvinangwa zvako. Injini dzedhiziri dzinogadzira torque yakawanda, iyo inobvumira mota kufamba, kunyanya iine mitoro inorema, saka yakanakira kudhonza uye kutakura mitoro inorema. Injini dzepeturu dzinogadzira simba rakawanda rebhiza, zvichiita kuti injini ifambe nekukurumidza kuti ikwidze zviri nani uye kumhanya kwepamusoro.

Kazhinji, mugadziri anopa motokari imwe chete ine peturu uye dizeli injini. Injini dzakasiyana dzinoita zvakasiyana uye dzinosiyana mukushanda zvichienderana nekwakatsanangurwa, saka zviri nani kuenzanisa zvikamu uye kuenda kune test drive paunenge uchifunga kuti ndeipi mota yekutenga.