Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pemota dzedhiziri nepeturu?

Mumamiriro ezvinhu anhasi, gakava pamusoro peinjini dzedhiziri nepeturu rinomira sei?

Kare mumazuva apo ndebvu dzaireva kuti iwe waive rudzi rwemukomana aifarira kutaurirana nemasikirwo nekuipwanya muSUV huru inorema, hupenyu hwaive nyore uye isu tese taiziva kuti taida dhiziri, blunderbuss yekuputa kana gasi. -muchina wesquishy wainzwa kumba mumigwagwa yakatsetseka kana mumaguta.

Nhasi, kana ndebvu dzingangoreva kuti unogara kuMelbourne uye uchifunga kuti tirauzi rako rinofanira kupfapfaidzwa-pendi, zvinhu hazvina kunyatsojeka.

Motokari dzepeturu dzichiri kudzoreredza, mabasa anonaka anodya zvishoma asi ari kunakidza kuzviita, uye unogona kuwana dhiziri 4WD kuti ikupfuure nekuseri kweBourque, asi uchawanawo madhiziri akawanda. mumotokari dzemuguta, kubva kuVolkswagen Polos, kuburikidza neMazda 6 uye kusvika kumabhaji emhando yepamusoro eBMW 7 Series. Uye iwe unowana mota dzemitambo dzakapakwa panzvimbo yako yedhiziri tanker, iyo ikozvino pakati pezviteshi zvepeturu pane kuenda kudivi kunozadza marori.

Diesel rachinja; yakaenda kure uye yakatambanudza mapapiro ayo ane mafuta kumativi mazhinji emusika wemotokari.

Unogona kuwana dhiziri-powered Porsche, nekuda kwaMwari, kunyangwe, hunhu, kwete pasi pehodhi ye911, Cayman, kana Boxster.

Diesel rachinja; yaenda zvakanyanya uye yakaparadzira mapapiro ayo madiki mumakona mazhinji emusika wemotokari, ichipa hupfumi hwemafuta huri nani (chinenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu zviri nani) uye nguva refu pakati pekuzadza, zvichiita kuti kupihwa kuwedzere kukwezva.

Isu tiri kure neEuropean level yedhiziri yekushandisa, uko kune mamwe mabhureki dizeli ndiyo inotonga injini mumakungwa avo (parizvino, asi shanduko yekutonga mune dzimwe nyika ichachinja izvi nekukurumidza), asi kugamuchirwa kwayo kwakakura zvakanyanya. Huwandu hwemadhiziri mumigwagwa yedu hwakakwira zvakanyanya mumakore mashanu apfuura. Zvisinei, kuUK, kutengeswa kwedhiziri kwakadzikira nechikamu chinosvika 40 muzana munguva pfupi yapfuura sezvo kurambidzwa kweinjini yerudzi urwu munyika iyoyo kunowedzera.

Saka, mumamiriro anhasi, gakava redhiziri nepeturu rinomira sei?

peturu kana dhiziri? Kusundwa nekusiyana kwavo

Zvese iwe, semutyairi, chaunoda kuziva ndechekuti mota dzedhiziri nepeturu dzinounza simba radzo kana grunt zvakasiyana. 

Injini dzepeturu dzinenge dzine marevs, uye dzinowanzorova simba radzo repamusoro - kana nguva inosetsa - pane mamwe marevs. Vanokwidza kumufaro wemhepo; sezvo revs inokwira uye iwe uchichinja magiya, kukurumidza kunowedzera. Izvi zvinoita kuti dziwedzere kuva nemavara uye dzinonakidza, zvirinani mudzidziso.

Injini dzedhiziri dzinopa kugunun'una kwadzo - muchimiro che torque (kana torque, sekudanwa kwainoitwa dzimwe nguva, iyo inotsanangura zvakanyanya; imhando yesimba rinogona kukukwidza chikomo chemawere, kunyangwe nehuremu pabhodhi) - pazasi zvakanyanya. rpm.

Diesel akanakisa pakufamba, kunyanya mumugwagwa mukuru, nekuti simba rekupfuura rinogara riri panzvimbo, kazhinji pasina kana kudzika.

Misiyano yakakura uye inooneka: injini yedhiziri inoburitsa simba rakapetwa katatu pane imwe nzvimbo pamusoro pekusaita basa. Saka kubva pa1500 rpm kusvika 3000 rpm unowana kusimudzira ipapo ipapo. Zvakadaro, vakaita sebhiza rinodhonzwa pane bhiza remujaho, nekuti ukavasundidzira kusvika pakakwirira, kugunun’una kunopera.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti madhiziri akanakira kufamba, kunyanya mumugwagwa mukuru, nekuti simba rekupfuura rinogara riri panzvimbo, kazhinji pasina kana kudzika. Dzakanakawo pakukweva zvinhu.

Mumakona akaoma mumugwagwa une mhepo kana mujaho, vanopa ruzivo rwakasiyana zvikuru kubva kumotokari yepetroli, asi vanogona kuramba vachifara uye kunyange kukwikwidzana, sekubudirira kweAudi mu 24 Hours yeLe Mans ine dizeli. injini dzinoratidza.

Chikamu chekubudirira uku, hongu, kunobva pakukwanisa kwemotokari yedhiziri kuenda mberi pane imwe tangi yemafuta, asi zvimwe pane izvo gare gare.

Chikamu chesainzi uye chine mafuta chekuti sei dizeli rakasiyana kupisa; nzvimbo iyo mafuta anosanganiswa nemhepo. Mune injini yedhiziri, mvura inopihwa kukamuri yekupisa pasi pekumanikidzwa, uye kupisa kunoitika ipapo ipapo.

Injini dzedhiziri hadzitombodi spark plugs sezvinoita injini dzepeturu. Vanosanganisa mweya nemafuta kunze kwekamuri rinopisa pachiteshi chekupinza.

Chimwe chakanakira dhiziri ndechekuti ine huwandu hwakanyanya hwekutsikirira kupfuura unleaded peturu, zvichiita kuti ishande.

Nharo yehupfumi

Chikamu chikuru chekuenzanisa injini yedhiziri neinjini yepeturu ndeyekugona kwemafuta. Diesel zviri nani pane izvi, 30 kana kunyange 40 muzana zviri nani, kunyangwe zvemazuva ano majekiseni epeturu emagetsi ari kubata.

Izvi hazvingokuchengetere mari chete (kunyangwe mutengo wakakwira zvishoma wedhiziri uchifanirwa kuverengerwa), asi zvakare unokuchengetera nguva nekuti unowana huwandu hwakawanda kubva mutangi - inodarika 1000 km mune dzimwe mota - uye zvinoreva kushoma sevhisi yemotokari. kushanya. service station.

Madhiziri ave kutonyanya kushanda uye kusapambadza mukati memakore gumi apfuura kana kudarika, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemajekiseni emagetsi emhando yepamusoro uye masisitimu akajairika-njanji kuti tive nechokwadi chekutumirwa kwedhiziri uye chido chisina kushata.

Madhiziri anodhura kudarika mota dzine peturu, uye izvi zvinofanirwa kutariswa kana zvasvika pamari yaunochengeta pamafuta ako emafuta.

Kuvandudzwa uku kwaitawo kuti madhiziri aite kushoma sematirakita ekare easthmatic uye zvimwe semota, kunyangwe iwe haungambozviti inonakidza injini inonzwika. Motokari dzemazuva ano dzakatarisa pakuvanza ruzha rwedhiziri kubva mukamba, uye vanoita basa guru pazviri.

Diesel supercars, zvisinei, zvakajairika senge nguva dzakazvininipisa dzaDonald Trump.

Chimwe chinhu chezvehupfumi, chokwadika, ndechekuti motokari dzedhiziri dzinodhura kudarika motokari dzepeturu, uye izvi zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa kana zvasvika pamari yaunochengetedza pamafuta ako emafuta.

Zvakawanda sei zvinogona kusiyana, asi 10-15 muzana inhamba inonzwisisika.

Makambani emotokari achati imhaka yekuti haagadziri akawanda, saka vanofanirwa kubhadharisa yakawanda, kana kuti imhaka yekuti injini dzavo dzine zvikamu zvinorema kana kuti dzakaoma, izvo zvese zvinodhura zvakanyanya. (Uku kuomarara kunogonawo kureva mutengo wepamusoro wekugadzirisa uye netioro ipfupi hupenyu hweinjini.)

Kutaura chokwadi, nharo idzi dzese dzine musoro, uye mune mimwe misika unogona kuwana imwe nzira yemitengo.

Kubhadhara iko zvino kunorevawo kuti iwe unowana zvishoma kana uchitengesa motokari, nokuti kana tichitarisa kukosha kwekutengeswa kwemotokari dzepeturu nedhiziri, misika yeAustralia inopa pfungwa yokuti madhiziri anokosha zvakanyanya.

Vanhu vanowanzoita masvomhu nekuverenga kuti mangani mamaira aunoda kutyaira usati wawana mari yakawedzerwa yawakashandisa pahupfumi hwemafuta, asi pamwe haisi kuzova iyo yekusarudza mushure mezvose. .

Ngatiti wakasarudza Mazda6 kana Hyundai i30 nekuti inonyatso kuenderana nemararamiro ako, unoda maitiro adzo uye anoenderana nebhajeti yako. Iyo yekuwedzera 10 muzana inogona kubhadhara mushure mechinguva kana ukasachovha madaro marefu, asi pakupedzisira zvakanaka kuchovha mese uye kusarudza kuti ndeipi yaunoda zvakanyanya.

Kunze kwekunge iwe chaizvo, unovenga chaizvo chiteshi chevhisi, mune iyo kesi iwe uchatora dhiziri nguva dzese.

peturu kana dhiziri? Chinhu chemunhu

Pakupedzisira, hazvibviri kutaura kuti ndezvipi zviri nani, peturu kana dizeli injini, nokuti zvinoenderana nenyaya chaiyo kana kubva pamotokari kuenda kumotokari, uyewo zvinoenderana nezvaunoda.

Vamwe vanhu havagone kumira neinjini dzedhiziri dzinoita, kunyanya pasi pemutoro, saka havazombotenga imwe. Nepo mhando dzemhando yepamusoro dzekuEurope, kunyanya dzepamusoro, dzava kugadzira injini dzedhiziri dzakanyarara zvekuti haugone kutaurira kuti ndeipi injini yauri kutyaira usina kutenderedza mahwindo ako.

Kana iwe uchizogara uchikwevera chikepe kana motorhome, iyi haisi dambudziko, nekuti dhiziri ichaita basa iri nani uye inoshandisa mafuta mashoma.

Diesel zvakare anowanzoita kurira uye kukosora zvakanyanya kana iwe ukashandisa yekutanga / kumisa system, inogona kutsamwisa, asi zvakare, makambani emotokari ari kutanga kuwana kubata nenyaya iyi. Kunyangwe Peugeot ikozvino inoita inenge isina chikanganiso yekutanga / kumisa injini dzedhiziri.

Chikamu chazvo ndicho chaunoda kuita nemotokari yako. Kana iwe uchizogara uchikwevera chikepe kana motorhome, iyi haisi dambudziko, nekuti dhiziri ichaita basa iri nani uye inoshandisa mafuta mashoma.

Kana iwe uchida mota yemitambo uye kunakidzwa kweinjini inosimudzira, unoda peturu. Ndosaka, semadhiziri eMazda, haaaise muMX-5 roadster. Izvo hazvizonzwi kana kunzwika zvakanaka.

Nekudaro, mumotokari diki yevafambi senge i30 kana yepakati-saizi yemhuri mota seMazda6, dhiziri rinonzwa zvirinani kutyaira. Iyi torque yakaderera ibasa rakakwana reinjini diki uye yakanyanya kugadzikana uye inonakidza mubasa remazuva ese. Wedzera munhamba dzekuchengetedza uye zvinotsigira zvizere mari yakawedzerwa.

Target emissions

Chinhu chimwe chete chaunofanira kufunga nezvacho, dhiziri emissions, iyo ichangobva kuitika Volkswagen scandal yatiratidza kuti idambudziko guru.

Mamwe maguta, akadai seLondon neParis, uko meya akati anoda kuti mota dzese dzedhiziri dzibve mumigwagwa panosvika 2020, ave kudzika mitemo yekurambidza mota dzese dzedhiziri nekuda kwehuwandu hwenitrogen dioxide yadzinoburitsa.

(Zvikamu zveLondon zvakarambidza mota dzepeturu nedhiziri kubva mukupera kwegore rino kuvandudza mhando yemhepo, saka haisi kungopisa mafuta.)

World Health Organization inofungidzira kuti nitrogen dioxide inouraya vanhu vanopfuura 22,000 XNUMX muEurope gore negore.

Kuratidzira kune nitrogen dioxide kunogona kukonzera chirwere chemapapu nemoyo, pamwe neasthma, allergies, uye humwe hutachiona hwemhepo. Yakave yakabatanidzwawo nechirwere chekufa kwevacheche kamwe kamwe, kupfupfudzika, uye kuremara kwekuzvarwa.

World Health Organization inofungidzira kuti nitrogen dioxide inokonzera kufa kwevanhu vanopfuura 22,000 32 gore negore muEurope, uko inenge hafu yemotokari dzose idhiziri (asi nhamba iyi iri kuderera, uye muUK yakaderera kusvika kuXNUMX muzana uye inoramba ichiderera).

MaAustralia parizvino ari kupisa marita mabhiriyoni matatu edhiziri pagore mumotokari chete, nemamwe marita mabhiriyoni 9.5 anoshandiswa mumotokari dzekutengesa, uye zvinofungidzirwa kuti inenge 80 muzana yekusvibiswa kwenitrogen dioxide mumaguta edu inobva kumotokari, marori, mabhazi nemabhazi. . mabhasikoro.

Nenzira yakanaka, mhepo yeAustralia iri pakati peyakachena zvikurusa munyika dzakasimukira, asi kushatiswa kwemhepo kunouraya vanopfuura 3000 XNUMX vokuAustralia pagore, vanopeta nekatatu nhamba yetsaona dzemotokari.

Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti Australia inogona rimwe zuva, uye izvi zvinogona kuitika mumakumi mashoma emakore, zvichitevera kujekerwa uye kusvibiswa kwenyika seEurope, kuunza imwe mhando yekurambidza mafuta edhiziri. 

Unoda motokari dzedhiziri kana dzepeturu? Tiudze zvaunofunga mumashoko ari pasi apa.