Wegener uye Pangea
Kunyange zvazvo akanga asiri wekutanga, asi Frank Bursley Taylor, akazivisa dzidziso maererano nemakondinendi akabatanidzwa, ndiye akatumidza imwe nyika yepakutanga Pangea uye anoonekwa semusiki wekuwanikwa uku. Nyanzvi yemamiriro ekunze uye muongorori wepolar Alfred Wegener akaburitsa pfungwa yake muDie Entstehung der Continente und Ozeane. Sezvo Wegener akanga ari muGermany wokuMarburg, chinyorwa chokutanga chakatsikirirwa muchiGerman muna 1912. Shanduro yeChirungu yakabuda muna 1915. Zvisinei, pashure pokunge Hondo Yenyika Yokutanga yapera, pashure pokubudiswa kwechinyorwa chakawedzerwa muna 1920, nyika yesayenzi yakatanga kutaura pamusoro peiyi pfungwa.
Yaiva dzidziso yechimurenga. Kusvika iye zvino, geologists vaitenda kuti makondinendi anofamba, asi akamira. Hapana aida kunzwa nezve horizontal movements. Uye sezvo Wegener akanga asiri kunyange geologist, asi chete meteorologist, sangano resainzi rakapokana nehasha dzidziso yake. Humwe hwehumbowo hwakakosha hunotsigira thesis yekuvapo kwePangea ndeye zvisaririra zvemhuka zvekare uye zvinomera, zvakafanana zvakanyanya kana zvakafanana, zvakawanikwa mumakondinendi maviri ari kure. Kupikisa uhwu ufakazi, nyanzvi dzepasi dzakakarakadza kuti mabhiriji epasi aivapo kupi nokupi kwaaidikanwa. Izvo zvakasikwa (pamapu) sezvinodiwa, kureva, nekuvhura masara e, semuenzaniso, fossil horse hipparion inowanikwa muFrance neFlorida. Zvinosuruvarisa, hazvisi zvose zvinogona kutsanangurwa nemabhiriji. Semuenzaniso, zvaigoneka kutsanangura kuti sei masara e trilobite (mushure mekuyambuka bhiriji rekufungidzira) ari kune rumwe rutivi rweNew Finland, uye haana kuyambuka nyika yakajairika kune mhiri kwakatarisana. Dambudziko rakaunzwa uye maumbirwo ematombo akafanana pamahombekombe emakondinendi akasiyana.
Dzidziso yaWegener yakanga inewo zvikanganiso uye zvisina kururama. Somuenzaniso, zvakanga zvisina kururama kutaura kuti Greenland yakanga ichifamba pamwero we1,6 km/gore. Chiyero chakanga chiri chikanganiso, nokuti munyaya yekufamba kwemakondinendi, nezvimwewo, tinogona kungotaura nezvekukurumidza mumasendimita pagore. Haana kutsanangura kuti nyika idzi dzakafamba sei: chii chakavafambisa uye kuti chii chakasiya sangano iri. Mafungiro ake haana kugamuchirwa zvakanyanya kusvika 1950, apo zvakawanda zvakawanwa zvakaita sepaleomagnetism zvakasimbisa mukana wekudonha kwekondinendi.
Wegener akapedza kudzidza kuBerlin, akabva atanga kushanda nemukoma wake pane imwe nzvimbo inoona nezvendege. Ikoko vakaita tsvakurudzo yemamiriro ekunze mubharumu. Kubhururuka kwakava chido chikuru chemusayendisiti wechidiki. Muna 1906, hama dzakakwanisa kunyora mukurumbira pasi rose nezvendege yemabharumu. Vakapedza maawa 52 vari mumhepo, vachipfuura zvavaimboita nemaawa gumi nemanomwe.
Mugore rimwe chetero, Alfred Wegener anotanga rwendo rwake rwekutanga kuGreenland.
Pamwe chete nemasayendisiti gumi nemaviri, vafambisi vezvikepe gumi nevatatu uye muimbi mumwe chete, vachaongorora mahombekombe echando. Wegener, semuongorori wemamiriro ekunze, anoongorora kwete pasi chete, asiwo mhepo iri pamusoro payo. Yakanga iri iyo chiteshi chekutanga chemamiriro ekunze chakavakwa muGreenland.
Rwendo rwakatungamirwa nemuongorori wepolar uye munyori Ludwig Milius-Erichsen rwakatora anenge makore maviri. Muna March 1907, Wegener
Kubva 1908 kusvika Hondo Yenyika Yekutanga, Wegener aive mudzidzisi paYunivhesiti yeMarburg. Vadzidzi vake vainyanya kufarira kukwanisa kwake kushandura kunyange misoro yakaoma kunzwisisa uye migumisiro yekutsvakurudza kwemazuva ano nenzira yakajeka, inonzwisisika uye iri nyore.
Hurukuro dzake dzakava hwaro uye chiyero chemabhuku ezvinyorwa zvemeteorology, yekutanga yakanyorwa mukupera kwa1909/1910: ().
Muna 1912, Peter Koch anokoka Alfred pane rumwe rwendo rwokuenda kuGreenland. Wegener anomisa muchato wakarongwa uye anosiya. Nehurombo, panguva yerwendo, anowira paaizi uye, nekukuvara kwakawanda, anozviwana asingabatsiri uye achimanikidzwa kupedza nguva yakawanda asina chaanoita.
Pashure pokunge apora, vatsvakurudzi vana vakarara muaizi isingaperi yeGreenland patembiricha iri pasi pe?45 madhigirii kekutanga munhoroondo yevanhu. Nekuuya kwechirimo, boka rinoenda rwendo uye kekutanga rinoyambuka Greenland panzvimbo yaro yakakura. Nzira yakaoma kwazvo, chando uye nzara zvinotora matambudziko. Kuti vararame, vaifanira kuuraya mabhiza nembwa zvokupedzisira.
Mukati meHondo Yenyika Yokutanga, Alfred akanga ari pamberi kaviri uye akadzoka akakuvara kaviri, kutanga ari muruoko uye ipapo mumutsipa. Kubva 1915 ave achiita basa resainzi.
Mushure mehondo, akava mukuru weDhipatimendi reTheoretical Meteorology paHamburg Naval Observatory, kwaakanyora bhuku. Muna 1924 akapinda University of Graz. Muna 1929, akatanga kugadzirira rwendo rwechitatu kuGreenland, panguva yaakafa achangopedza makore makumi mashanu.
