Vakuru Vagadziri - Chikamu 2
Isu tinoenderera mberi nenyaya yevanonyanya kuzivikanwa vagadziri uye mainjiniya munhoroondo yeindasitiri yemotokari. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, iwe uchadzidza kuti vanopandukira veBritish "vashandi vegaraji" ndivanaani, vakavaka inofananidzira Alpha neFerrari injini, uye ndiani "Mr Bender". Hybrid".
Chishamiso chePolish chehunyanzvi
Tadeusz Tanski ndiye baba vemotokari huru yekutanga yePolish.
Kuboka revagadziri vemotokari makumi emakore ekutanga kuvandudzwa kwemotokari kune zvakare injiniya wekuPoland Tadeusz Tanski (1892-1941). Muna 1920, akavaka munguva pfupi zvikuru yekutanga yekuPoland mota ine zvombo Ford FT-B, yakavakirwa pachokisi yeFord T. Kubudirira kwake kukuru kwaiva CWS T-1 - iyo yekutanga-yakagadzirwa yakawanda-yakagadzirwa mota yemumba. Akaigadzira muna 1922-24.
Mukwikwidzi wepasirese uye mukwikwidzi weinjiniya waive wekuti mota yaigona kudimburwa uye kuunganidzwa nekiyi imwe (chete chimwe chishandiso chaidiwa kusunungura makenduru), uye nguva uye bhokisi regiya raisanganisira seti yemagiya akafanana! Inosanganisira yakagadzirwa kubva pakutanga mana-humburumbira injini ine vhoriyamu ye3 malita uye simba re61 hp. nemavharuvhu mumusoro wealuminium akagadzirwa naTansky uye akavaka mukati isingasviki gore. Akafa munguva yehondo, akaurayiwa nemaGermany mumusasa wevasungwa weAuschwitz.
SWR T-1 mune torpedo vhezheni
Aston Marek
Sezvo tambo yePolish yatoonekwa, handingatadze kutaura mumwe mugadziri ane tarenda kubva kunyika yedu akaita basa rakakura kwazvo mukutapwa kuUK. Muna 2019 Aston Martin akasarudza kugadzira 25 replicas Muenzaniso DB5, muchina wakaita mukurumbira se Motokari yaidiwa naJames Bond.
James Bond (Sean Connery) uye Aston Martin D
Pasi pemahodhi avo anomhanyisa injini yakagadzirwa nemumwe wedu muma60s - Tadeusz Marek (1908-1982). Ndiri kutaura nezve yakanakisa 6-liter 3,7-cylinder in-line injini ine 240 hp; kuwedzera kune DB5, inogonawo kuwanikwa mumhando dzeDBR2, DB4, DB6 uye DBS. Injini yechipiri yakavakwa naMarek yeAston yaive 8-litre V5,3. Injini inonyanya kuzivikanwa V8 modhi mukana, dzakaramba dzichigadzirwa kubva muna 1968 kusvika muna 2000. Marek akatanga basa rake muChipiri Polish Republic semuvaki paPZInż. muWarsaw, kwaakatora chikamu, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, mubasa reinjini yemudhudhudhu weSokół. Akakwikwidzawo zvinobudirira mumarally nemijaho.
Tadeusz Marek mushure mekuhwina iyo '39 Polish Rally
vashandi vegaraji
Sezviri pachena, akaadana kuti “magaraji” nenzira youtsinye Enzo Ferrariuyo aisakwanisa kuwirirana nenyaya yekuti vamwe vanamakanika vasingazivikanwe vekuBritain mumashopu madiki uye nemari shoma vanovaka mota dzinokunda munjanji nemota dzake dzemhando yepamusoro uye dzinodhura. Isu tiri veboka iri John Cooper, Colin Chapman, Bruce McLaren uye mumwe weAustralia Jack Brabham (1926-2014), akahwina zita renyika 1 Fomula muna 1959, 1960 na1966 akatyaira motokari dzemagadzirirwo ake aine injini iri nechepakati kuseri kwemutyairi. Uku kurongeka kwechikamu chemagetsi kwaive shanduko mune motorsport, uye yakatanga John Cooper (1923-2000), mukugadzirira mwaka wa1957. motokari Cooper-Climax.
Stirling Moss neCooper-Climax (No. 14)
Cooper akanga asiri mudzidzi anoshingaira, asi akanga ane unyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu, naizvozvo pazera ramakore 15 akashanda muwekishopu yababa vake, achivaka. mota dze rally dzakareruka. , Cooper yakave yakakurumbira nokuda kwekugadzirisa kwake kunoshamisa yakakurumbira Miniicon ye60s Mini yaive brainchild yeumwe ane mukurumbira mugadziri weBritish Alec Isigonis (1906-1988), uyo kwenguva yokutanga mumotokari duku yakadaro, “yevanhu” akaisa injini yacho mberi. Kune izvi akawedzera yakanyatsogadzirwa suspension system ine rabha pachinzvimbo chezvitubu, mavhiri akafaranuka uye inopindura inoteera system yakaita kuti go-kart inakidze kutyaira. Ichi chaive chigadziko chakanakisa chekuedza kwaCooper, uyo, nekuda kwekuchinja kwake (injini ine simba, mabhureki ari nani uye chidhiraivho chakanyanya) akapa midget yeBritish vivacity yemitambo. Iyo mota yakabudirira zvinoshamisa mumutambo mumakore apfuura, incl. Kukunda katatu mune yakakurumbira Monte Carlo Rally.
Alec Issigonis pamberi pefekitori yeLongbridge muAustin ine yekutanga Mini uye itsva Morris Mini Diki Deluxe muna 1965.
Mini Cooper S - muhwina we1965 Monte Carlo Rally
Mumwe (1937-1970) akateerera zvakanyanya aerodynamicskuisa ma spoilers makuru uye kuedza ne downforce. Nehurombo, muna 1968 akafa pane imwe yebvunzo idzi, asi kambani yake nechikwata chemijaho vakaenderera mberi nebasa ravo uye vachiri kushanda nhasi.
Wechitatu weBritish "garaji" raive rakanyanya chipo, Colin Chapman (1928-1982), muvambi weLotus, yaakavamba muna 1952. Korobeynik haana kuisa pfungwa pazviri Treadmills. Akavakawo, uye kubudirira kwavo kwakadudzira zvakananga mubhajeti remujaho wemujaho, uyo akapinda mumotokari dzavo mumijaho yose mikuru nerally munyika (muFormula 1 chete, Chikwata cheLotus chakahwina makwikwi matanhatu ega ega uye manomwe echikwata) . ) Chapman akaenda achipesana nemaitiro emazuva ano, pachinzvimbo chekuwedzera simba, akasarudza kureruka uye kubata kwakanakisa. Upenyu hwake hwose akatevedzera nheyo yaakaronga yokuti: “Kuwedzera simba rako kunoita kuti ukurumidze kufamba munzira yakarurama. Kubvisa kwakawanda kunoita kuti ukurumidze kwese kwese." Mhedzisiro yacho yaive mota nyowani seLotus Seven, iyo, nenzira, pasi peCaterham brand ichiri kugadzirwa isingachinji. Chapman aive nebasa kwete chete kumakanika avo, asiwo nedhizaini.
Colin Chapman anokorokotedza mutyairi Jim Clark nekuhwina 1967 Dutch Grand Prix muLotus 49.
sei McLaren aive neruzivo rwakakura rweaerodynamics uye akaedza kuishandisa mumotokari dzake dzemagetsi. Yakagadzirwa naye mota lotus 79 akava muenzaniso wekutanga kushandisa zvizere zvinonzi. Mhedzisiro yepamusoro iyo yakapa kuderera kukuru uye zvakanyanya kuwedzera kukona kumhanya. Kare muma60s, Chapman ndiye aive wekutanga muF1 kushandisa muviri unotakura zvinhu pachinzvimbo chechimiro chechimiro chaishandiswa zvakanyanya panguva iyoyo. Mhinduro iyi yakaita kutanga kwayo muElite road modhi, ndokuzoenda ku iyo yakakurumbira mota Lotus 25 kubva mugore re1962
Richard Attwood achityaira Lotus 25 pa'65 German Grand Prix.
Yakanakisa F1 Injini
Sezvo tiri kutaura nezve "garaji mota", inguva yekunyora mitsara mishoma nezve mainjiniya. Cosworth DFVinoonekwa nevakawanda seyakanakisa injini F1 mota munhoroondo. Mumwe injiniya weBritain ane mukurumbira ndiye aiva nechikamu chikuru pane ichi chirongwa. Keith Duckworth (1933-2005), uye akamubatsira Mike Costin (akaberekwa 1929). Varume vaviri ava vakasangana vachishanda kuLotus uye, mushure memakore matatu ekufambidzana, vakatanga kambani yavo, Cosworth, muna 1958. Sezvineiwo Colin Chapman haana kugumbuka nazvo uye muna 1965 akatanga kushanda gungano rejini yemota itsva F1. 3 litita V8 injini ine 90-degree silinda kuronga, maviri maviri mavharuvhu pahumburumbira (-DFV), uye mutsva lotus muchina, Muenzaniso 49, yakagadzirwa naChapman zvakanangana Injini Cosworth, iyo mune ino system ndiyo inotsigira chikamu chekisisi, iyo yakave inogoneka nekuda kwekubatana kwayo uye kusimba kweiyo unit. Iyo yakanyanya simba yaive 400 hp. pa9000 rpm. iyo yakabvumira kukudziridza kumhanya kwe320 km / h.
Motokari neinjini iyi vakahwina 155 pamijaho 262 yeFormula One yavakapinda. Vatyairi vane injini iyi vakahwina F1 ka12, uye vagadziri vanoishandisa vanga vakanaka kwemwaka gumi. Yakashandurwa kuita 1L turbocharged unit, yakahwinawo mijaho uye makwikwi muUnited States. Akatungamirawo zvikwata zveMirage neRondeau kuhwina Maawa makumi maviri nemana eLe Mans mu2,65 uye 24 zvichiteerana. MuFormula 1975, yakashandiswa nekubudirira kukuru kusvika pakati pe-1980s.
Cosworth DFV nevagadziri vayo: Bill Brown, Keith Duckworth, Mike Costin naBen Rude
Kune mashoma injini munhoroondo yemotokari ine nhoroondo refu yekubudirira. Duckworth i Kostina hongu, mamwe masimba emagetsi akagadzirwawo, kusanganisira. midhudhudhu yakanakisa inoshandiswa mumitambo yeFord uye mota dzemujaho: Sierra RS Cosworth uye Escort RS Cosworth.
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