The Great Revolt - kupera kwewiricheya?

Mumwe munhu asina kumbobvira ashandisa wiricheya angafunga kuti pane musiyano muduku pakati payo uye exoskeleton, kana kunyange iyo iyo wiricheya inopa kufamba, kukurumidza uye kunobudirira kufamba. Zvisinei, nyanzvi uye vakaremara pachavo vanosimbisa kuti zvakakosha zvikuru kune vakaoma mitezo kwete kungofamba-famba, asiwo kusimuka kubva pawiricheya uye kutora nzvimbo yakarurama.

Chikumi 12, 2014, nguva pfupi isati yasvika 17 pm nguva yemuno paArena Corinthians muSao Paulo, wechidiki wekuBrazil pane ngoro yakaremarakwaanowanzo famba, akapinda mumunda netsoka dzake uye akaita kudarika kwake kwekutanga muWorld Cup. Ainge akapfeka simbi inodzorwa nepfungwa (1). 

1. Bhora rekutanga rakakandwa kuWorld Cup kuBrazil

Chimiro chakaratidzwa mhedzisiro yemakore mazhinji ekushanda nechikwata chepasi rose chesainzi chakanangana nechirongwa cheGo Again. Ndega exoskeleton Yakagadzirwa muFrance. Basa racho rakarongedzerwa naGordon Cheng weTechnical University yeMunich, uye tekinoroji yekuverenga masaisai ehuropi yakagadziridzwa kunyanya muUnited States, munzvimbo imwechete paDuke University.

Iyi yaive yekutanga kuratidzwa kweruzhinji yekudzora pfungwa mumichina michina. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, maexoskeletons aiunzwa pamisangano kana kutorwa mifananidzo mumarabhoritari, uye kurekodha kwaiwanzo kuwanikwa paInternet.

exoskeleton yakavakwa naDr. Miguel Nicolelis neboka revasayendisiti zana nemakumi mashanu nevatanhatu. Zita rayo repamutemo ndiBRA-Santos-Dumont, mushure meAlbert Santos-Dumont, piyona wekuBrazil. Mukuwedzera, nekuda kwemhinduro, murwere anofanira "kunzwa" zvaari kuita kuburikidza nehurongwa hwemagetsi emagetsi ari mumidziyo.

Pinda nhoroondo netsoka dzako

Nyaya yaClaire Lomas (32) ane makore 2 inoratidza izvozvo exoskeleton inogona kuvhurira munhu akaremara nzira kuupenyu hutsva. Muna 2012, mumwe musikana wekuBritain, akaoma mitezo kubva muchiuno zvichidzika, akava nemukurumbira mushure mekupedza mujaho weLondon Marathon. Zvakamutorera mazuva gumi namanomwe, asi akazviita! Iyo feat yakaitwa inogoneka nekuda kweIsrael skeleton ReWalk.

2. Claire Lomas akapfeka ReWalk exoskeleton

Kubudirira kwaAmai Claire kwakanzi chimwe chezviitiko zvikuru zvetekinoroji muna 2012. Gore rakatevera racho, akatanga nhangemutange itsva noutera hwake. Panguva ino, akasarudza kuchovha bhasikoro rinofambiswa nemaoko makiromita anopfuura 400 kana kupfuura makiromita 600.

Ari munzira, akaedza kushanyira maguta akawanda sezvaaigona. Munguva yekuzorora, akatanga ReWalk uye akashanyira zvikoro uye masangano akasiyana, achitaura nezvake uye kuunganidza mari yekubatsira vanhu vane kukuvara kwemusana.

Exoskeletons kusvikira yatsiviwa mawiricheya. Somuenzaniso, vanononoka zvikuru kuti munhu akaoma mitezo ayambuke mugwagwa zvakanaka. Nekudaro, zvimiro izvi zvakangoedzwa nguva pfupi yapfuura, uye zvinogona kutounza zvikomborero zvakawanda.

Pamusoro pekugona kukunda zvipingamupinyi uye kunyaradza kwepfungwa, skeleton inopa mushandisi wewiricheya mukana wekuvandudza inoshanda. Nzvimbo yakatwasuka inosimbisa moyo, tsandanyama, kutenderera uye dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri dzakaneteswa nekugara kwezuva nezuva.

Skeleton ine joystick

Berkeley Bionics, inozivikanwa neyayo HULC yemauto exoskeleton chirongwa, yakakurudzirwa makore mashanu apfuura exoskeleton kune vanhu vakaremara inonzi - eLEGS (3). Iyo iri nyore kushandisa dhizaini yakagadzirirwa vanhu vakaoma mitezo. Inorema 20 kg uye inokubvumira kufamba nekumhanya kusvika 3,2 km / h. kwechitanhatu.

Mudziyo uyu wakagadzirwa kuitira kuti munhu anogara pawiricheya agone kuuisa uye ave munzira mumaminetsi mashoma. Izvo zvinopfekwa pahembe neshangu, zvakasungwa neVelcro uye mabhegi, akafanana neaya anoshandiswa mumabhegi.

Kutungamira kunoitwa pachishandiswa ma gestures anodudzirwa Mutongi wendege ye exoskeleton. Kufamba kunoitwa uchishandisa madondoro ekukubatsira kuti urambe wakagadzikana. ReWalk uye mamwe maAmerican eLEGS akareruka. Inofanira kubvumwa kuti haipe kugadzikana kwakakwana, nokudaro kudiwa kwakataurwa kwekuvimba nemadondoro. Kambani yeNew Zealand REX Bionics yatora imwe nzira.

4. Rex Bionics University of Science

REX yaakavaka inorema 38kg asi yakasimba kwazvo (4). Anokwanisa kutsungirira kunyange kutsauka kukuru kubva pakakwirira uye kumira pagumbo rimwe. Inobatwawo zvakasiyana. Panzvimbo yekuenzanisa muviri, mushandisi anoshandisa kamuti kemufaro. Iyo robotic exoskeleton, kana kuti REX kwenguva pfupi, yakatora makore anopfuura mana kukura uye yakatanga kuratidzwa muna Chikunguru 14, 2010.

Izvo zvakavakirwa pane zano reiyo exoskeleton uye ine maviri emakumbo marobhoti anotendera iwe kusimuka, kufamba, kufamba nedivi, kutendeuka, kuzembera, uye pakupedzisira kufamba. Ichi chinopihwa ndeye vanhu vanoshandisa zvigadzirwa zvechinyakare mazuva ese. ngoro yakaremara.

Mudziyo wacho wakagamuchira zvose zvinodiwa zvemunharaunda uye wakagadzirwa uchifunga nezvemazano ehuwandu hwenyanzvi dzekugadzirisa. Kudzidzira kufamba nemakumbo erobhoti kunotora mavhiki maviri. Mugadziri anoitisa kudzidziswa paREX Center muAuckland, New Zealand.

Uropi hunotanga kushanda

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, Yunivhesiti yeHouston mainjiniya José Contreras-Vidal akabatanidza BCI brain interface muNew Zealand exoskeleton. Saka pachinzvimbo chetsvimbo, REX inogona zvakare kudzorwa nepfungwa dzemushandisi. Uye, hongu, iyi haisi iyo chete yemhando ye exoskeleton inobvumira kuti "inodzorwa neuropi."

Boka reKorea neGerman masayendisiti akagadzira inoshanda exoskeleton control system mafambisirwo emakumbo epasi uchishandisa uropi hunoenderana nemagetsi emagetsi uye maLED.

Ruzivo nezve mhinduro iyi - inovimbisa zvakanyanya kubva pakuona kwe, semuenzaniso, vashandisi vewiricheya - yakaonekwa mwedzi mishoma yapfuura mupepanhau rehunyanzvi "Journal of Neural Engineering".

Iyo sisitimu inobvumidza iwe kuti uenderere mberi, tendeuka kuruboshwe uye kurudyi, uye ugare wakatsiga munzvimbo. Mushandisi anoisa akajairwa EEG "mahedhifoni" mumusoro mavo uye anotumira iwo akakodzera pulses achitarisa uye achitarisa akatevedzana ma LED mashanu.

Imwe neimwe LED inopenya pane imwe frequency, uye munhu anoshandisa exoskeleton anotarisa pane yakasarudzwa LED pane imwe frequency, izvo zvinoguma inoenderana EEG kuverenga kwehupfungwa.

Sezvaunogona kufungidzira, iyi sisitimu inoda kumwe kugadzirira, asi, sekuvimbisa kwevagadziri, inobata zvinobudirira mafungiro anodiwa kubva muruzha rwehuropi. Zvaiwanzotora zvidzidzo zvekuedzwa anenge maminetsi mashanu kuti vadzidze kunyatso kudzora exoskeleton inofamba makumbo avo.

Kunze kwe exoskeletons.

Exoskeletons panzvimbo mawiricheya - tekinoroji iyi haina kunyatsobudirira, uye mamwe mazano matsva ari kubuda. Kana zvichikwanisika kudzora inert mechanical zvinhu nepfungwa exoskeletonsaka wadii kushandisa interface yakaita seBCI kune inert nyama dzemunhu akaoma mitezo?

5. Munhu akaoma mutezo anofamba neBCI asina exoskeleton.

Iyi mhinduro yakatsanangurwa pakupera kwaSeptember 2015 mumagazini NeuroEngineering uye Rehabilitation Nyanzvi kubva kuYunivhesiti yeCalifornia kuIrvine, inotungamirirwa naDr. An Do, yakagadzirira murume ane makore makumi maviri nematanhatu akaremara kwemakore mashanu ane mutyairi weEEG. mumusoro make uye mumaelectrodes anotora simba remagetsi mumamhasuru akatenderedza mabvi ake asina kufamba (26).

Asati ashandisa makumbo ake zvakare mushure memakore ekusagadzikana, sezviri pachena aifanira kuenda kuburikidza nekudzidziswa kwemazuva ose kune vanhu vanoshandisa BCI interfaces. Akadzidza muchokwadi chaicho. Aifanirawo kusimbisa mhasuru dzemakumbo kuti atsigire kurema kwemuviri wake.

Akakwanisa kufamba 3,66 metres aine munhu anofamba, nekuda kwaizvozvo akachengetedza chiyero chake uye akatamisa humwe huremu hwemuviri wake. Hazvina mhosva kuti zvingaite zvinokatyamadza uye zvinokatyamadza sei - akawana kutonga pamusoro pemakumbo ake!

Maererano nemasayendisiti akaita zviedzo izvi, nzira iyi, pamwe chete nerubatsiro rwemuchina uye prosthetics, inogona kudzorera chikamu chakakosha chekufamba kune vakaremara uye kunyange vakaoma mitezo uye inopa kugutsikana kwepfungwa kupfuura exoskeletons. Chero nzira, kumukira kukuru kwengoro kunoratidzika kuva kwava pedyo.