Hungarian ZSU 40M "Nimrod" (Hungarian 40M Nimrod) Ndisati ndatarisira kusvika kwetangi rakatengwa Landsverk L-60B, manejimendi eMAVAG chirimwa, icho chakagamuchira rezinesi kugadzira tangi, yakarairwa muna Kurume 1937 kubva kuLandsverk AV prototype yeanti-tank inozvifambisa-propelled unit (tangi. muparadzi). Hwaro hweiyo L60B yakafanana inofanira kunge yakashandiswa. Zvombo zvepfuti dzinozvifambisa dzinofanira kunge dzine 40-mm cannon. VaSweden vakazadzika murayiro uyu: muna December 1938, pfuti dzinozvifambisa dzoga dzisina zvombo dzakasvika muHungary. Musi waMarch 30, vamiririri veGeneral Staff vakazviziva. PaMAVAG, yaive ne40-mm Bofors anti-ndege pfuti, kugadzirwa kwerezinesi kwaiitwa pasi pezita rechiratidzo 36.M. Miedzo yehondo yepfuti dzinozvifambisa pachayo yakaitika muna August-September 1939. Dare rekusarudza rakakurudzira kuwedzera huwandu hwekabhini yezvombo kuitira kuti igare nhengo yechishanu yevashandi, kuisa telescopic yekuona yekupfura pamatangi uye dzimwe shanduko dzinoverengeka. Pana Kurume 10, 1940, IWT yakakurudzira ACS, inonzi 40.M. "Nimrodhi" anotumidzwa zita renhoroondo yevaMagyars nevaHuns - muvhimi mukuru. Muna Zvita, Nimrod akaiswa pabasa uye mafekitori akapihwa odha yemotokari makumi mana nenhanhatu. Nimrodhi mungano Nimrodhi (Nimrodhi, Nimrodhi) - muPentateuch, tsika dzeAggadic uye ngano dzeMiddle East, gamba, muvhimi-murwi uye mambo. Maererano nedzinza rakapiwa mubhuku raGenesi, iye mwanakomana waKushi uye muzukuru waHamu. Zvinonzi “muvhimi ane simba pamberi paShe”; umambo hwake hunoiswa muMesopotamia. Mungano dzakasiana-siana, mufananidzo waNimrodhi mudzvinyiriri uye mufundisi anosimbiswa; anonzi ndiye akavaka Shongwe yeBhabheri, utsinye hwakanyanya, kunamata zvidhori, kutambudzwa kwaAbrahamu, kukwikwidzana naMwari. Maererano neBhaibheri, Nimirodhi naAbrahamu vanoparadzaniswa nezvizvarwa zvinomwe. Uyewo, mashoko pamusoro paMambo Nimirodhi ari muKorani. Nemrut, mungano yeArmenia, mambo wokumwe akapinda muArmenia. Pane ngano yekuti kuti azvikwidziridze, Nemrud akavaka muzinda waiyevedza wakareba zvinoshamisa pamusoro pegomo. Nimrodhi mungano Pfuti inodzivirira ndege "Nimrodhi" Tinya mufananidzo kuti utarise hombe Asi ivo veSweden vakasarudza kuvaka dzinoverengeka dzeidzi pfuti dzinozvifambisa (kambani zita L62, pamwe ne "Landsverk Anti"; mauto - LVKV 40). Injini uye kutapurirana kweL62 kwaive kwakafanana neyeToldi tank, zvombo zvaive 40-mm Bofors cannon ine dhiramu kureba kwe60 calibers. Kurwisa uremu - 8 matani, injini - 150 hp, kumhanya - 35 km / h. Matanhatu L62 akatengeswa kuFinland muna 1940, kwaakagamuchira zita rokuti ITPSV 40. Muna 1945, veSweden vakabudisa 17 ZSUs nepeya ye40-mm LVKV fm / 43 cannons nekuda kwavo. Kugadzirwa kwekutanga Nimrod akasiya chirimwa munaNovember 1941, uye muna Kukadzi 1942, mota nomwe dzakaenda kumberi. Odha yose yakapedzwa pakupera kwa1942. Painotevera odha yemotokari 89, 1943 dzakagadzirwa muna 77, uye dzakasara gumi nembiri mune inotevera. Nokuda kwe "Nimrodhi" nheyo yetangi "Toldi" yakashandiswa, asi yakawedzerwa neimwe (yechitanhatu) roller. Panguva imwecheteyo, gumbo rekutungamira rekumashure rakasimudzwa kubva pasi. Suspension rollers munhu, torsion bar. Iyo hull, yakashongedzerwa kubva pamahwendefa ezvombo 6-13 mm gobvu, yaisanganisira yekurwa uye injini (kumashure) makamuri. Huremu hwese hwezvombo ndeye 2615 kg. Pamichina yekutanga yakatevedzana Injini dzeGerman dzakaiswa, uye pane yechipiri - yatova nerezinesi injini dzakagadzirwa muHungary. Idzi dzaive sere-cylinder liquid-cooled carburetor engines. Kutumira kwakafanana ne "Toldi", i.e. shanu-inomhanya yepuraneti bhokisi, yakaoma kukweshera akawanda-ndiro huru clutch, padivi mabatiro. Mechanical mabhureki - bhuku uye tsoka. Mafuta akachengetwa mumatangi matatu. Kurongeka kwepfuti-self-propelled "Nimrodhi" Kuti uwedzere - tinya pamufananidzo 1 - 40-mm otomatiki pfuti 36M; 2 - pfuti muchina; 3 - clip 40-mm shots; 4 - nhepfenyuro; 5 - shongwe; 6 - radiator; 7 - injini; 8 - kupera kwepombi; 9 - mufflers; 10- cardan shaft; 11 - chigaro chemutyairi; 12 - gearbox; 13 - chiedza chepamusoro; 14 - chidhiraivho Mutyairi aive nechekumberi kwegomba kuruboshwe uye aive nemitsetse mukepisi ine mativi mashanu ine maprisms akatarisa kumberi nekumativi. Vashanu vasara vevashandi - mutungamiriri, mugadziri wekuona, pfuti mbiri uye mutakuri, aive muwiricheya aine matatu ekuona slots ane magirazi mabhuroki. Iyo 40-mm anti-ndege pfuti "Bofors", yakagadzirwa pasi perezinesi pasi pezita rechiratidzo 36.M neMAVAG chirimwa muGyosgyor, yaive neakakwira angle ye85 °, declination - 4 °, yakatwasuka - 360 °. Zvombo, zvakanyatsoiswa muwiricheya, zvaisanganisira kubaya kwezvombo zvakakwirira-zvinoputika kupatsanurwa, pamwe chete nemwenje, magomba. Clips - 4 kumativi ose. Motokari dzevakuru vemabhatiri chete dzaive neredhiyo, kunyangwe mota dzese dzaive nenzvimbo yayo. Pakupfura, maZSU maviri aive ari kure nemamita makumi matanhatu, uye pakati pavo pakanga paine positi yekudzora ine rangefinder (ine hwaro hwe60 m) uye komputa mudziyo. Iyo prototype yemutakuri wevashandi vezvombo "Lehel" Pahwaro hwaNimrodhi muna 1943, mufananidzo wemutakuri wezvombo pasi pezita rechiratidzo "Lehel" akagadzirwa mune imwe kopi kutakura gumi varwi (pamwe nemutyairi). Mugore rimwe chete, maviri asina-armored simbi sappers akavakwa. Kwakarongwawo kushandura maNimrodhi gumi kuva vatakuri vekutakura vakakuvara. Maitiro ekuita eiyo Hungarian armored mota TTX yemamwe matangi uye pfuti dzinozvifambisa-fambisa muHungary Toldi-1   "Toldi" ini Mwaka wekugadzira 1940 Kurwisa uremu, t 8,5 Boka, vanhu 3 Kureba kwemuviri, mm 4750 Kureba nepfuti mberi, mm   Upamhi, mm 2140 Kureba, mm 1870 Kugadziriswa, mm   Huma yemuviri 13 Hull board 13 Shongwe yehuma (wheelhouse) 13 + 20 Denga uye pasi pehull 6 Hondo   Rifle brand 36.M Caliber mu mm / mbiya kureba mune calibers 20/82 Zvombo, pfuti   Nhamba uye caliber (mu mm) yepfuti yemuchina 1-8,0 Anti-ndege muchina pfuti - Zvombo zvepfuti dzemuchina, cartridges   Injini, mhando, mhando carb. "Busing Nag" L8V/36TR Simba reinjini, h.p. 155 Kumhanya kukuru km/h 50 Kuwanda kwemafuta, l 253 Range mumugwagwa mukuru, km 220 Avhareji yepasi kumanikidzwa, kg / cm2 0,62 Toldi-2   "Toldi" II Mwaka wekugadzira 1941 Kurwisa uremu, t 9,3 Boka, vanhu 3 Kureba kwemuviri, mm 4750 Kureba nepfuti mberi, mm   Upamhi, mm 2140 Kureba, mm 1870 Kugadziriswa, mm   Huma yemuviri 23-33 Hull board 13 Shongwe yehuma (wheelhouse) 13 + 20 Denga uye pasi pehull 6-10 Hondo   Rifle brand 42.M Caliber mu mm / mbiya kureba mune calibers 40/45 Zvombo, pfuti 54 Nhamba uye caliber (mu mm) yepfuti yemuchina 1-8,0 Anti-ndege muchina pfuti - Zvombo zvepfuti dzemuchina, cartridges   Injini, mhando, mhando carb. "Busing Nag" L8V/36TR Simba reinjini, h.p. 155 Kumhanya kukuru km/h 47 Kuwanda kwemafuta, l 253 Range mumugwagwa mukuru, km 220 Avhareji yepasi kumanikidzwa, kg / cm2 0,68 Turan-1   "Turan" I Mwaka wekugadzira 1942 Kurwisa uremu, t 18,2 Boka, vanhu 5 Kureba kwemuviri, mm 5500 Kureba nepfuti mberi, mm   Upamhi, mm 2440 Kureba, mm 2390 Kugadziriswa, mm   Huma yemuviri 50 (60) Hull board 25 Shongwe yehuma (wheelhouse) 50 (60) Denga uye pasi pehull 8-25 Hondo   Rifle brand 41.M Caliber mu mm / mbiya kureba mune calibers 40/51 Zvombo, pfuti 101 Nhamba uye caliber (mu mm) yepfuti yemuchina 2-8,0 Anti-ndege muchina pfuti - Zvombo zvepfuti dzemuchina, cartridges   Injini, mhando, mhando Z-TURAN carb. Z-TURAN Simba reinjini, h.p. 260 Kumhanya kukuru km/h 47 Kuwanda kwemafuta, l 265 Range mumugwagwa mukuru, km 165 Avhareji yepasi kumanikidzwa, kg / cm2 0,61 Turan-2   "Turan" II Mwaka wekugadzira 1943 Kurwisa uremu, t 19,2 Boka, vanhu 5 Kureba kwemuviri, mm 5500 Kureba nepfuti mberi, mm   Upamhi, mm 2440 Kureba, mm 2430 Kugadziriswa, mm   Huma yemuviri 50 Hull board 25 Shongwe yehuma (wheelhouse)   Denga uye pasi pehull 8-25 Hondo   Rifle brand 41.M Caliber mu mm / mbiya kureba mune calibers 75/25 Zvombo, pfuti 56 Nhamba uye caliber (mu mm) yepfuti yemuchina 2-8,0 Anti-ndege muchina pfuti - Zvombo zvepfuti dzemuchina, cartridges 1800 Injini, mhando, mhando Z-TURAN carb. Z-TURAN Simba reinjini, h.p. 260 Kumhanya kukuru km/h 43 Kuwanda kwemafuta, l 265 Range mumugwagwa mukuru, km 150 Avhareji yepasi kumanikidzwa, kg / cm2 0,69 Zrinyi-2   Zrinyi II Mwaka wekugadzira 1943 Kurwisa uremu, t 21,5 Boka, vanhu 4 Kureba kwemuviri, mm 5500 Kureba nepfuti mberi, mm 5900 Upamhi, mm 2890 Kureba, mm 1900 Kugadziriswa, mm   Huma yemuviri 75 Hull board 25 Shongwe yehuma (wheelhouse) 13 Denga uye pasi pehull   Hondo   Rifle brand 40 / 43.М Caliber mu mm / mbiya kureba mune calibers 105/20,5 Zvombo, pfuti 52 Nhamba uye caliber (mu mm) yepfuti yemuchina - Anti-ndege muchina pfuti - Zvombo zvepfuti dzemuchina, cartridges   Injini, mhando, mhando carb. Z- TURAN Simba reinjini, h.p. 260 Kumhanya kukuru km/h 40 Kuwanda kwemafuta, l 445 Range mumugwagwa mukuru, km 220 Avhareji yepasi kumanikidzwa, kg / cm2 0,75 Nimurodhi   "Nimrodhi" Mwaka wekugadzira 1940 Kurwisa uremu, t 10,5 Boka, vanhu 6 Kureba kwemuviri, mm 5320 Kureba nepfuti mberi, mm   Upamhi, mm 2300 Kureba, mm 2300 Kugadziriswa, mm   Huma yemuviri 13 Hull board 10 Shongwe yehuma (wheelhouse) 13 Denga uye pasi pehull 6-7 Hondo   Rifle brand 36. M Caliber mu mm / mbiya kureba mune calibers 40/60 Zvombo, pfuti 148 Nhamba uye caliber (mu mm) yepfuti yemuchina - Anti-ndege muchina pfuti - Zvombo zvepfuti dzemuchina, cartridges   Injini, mhando, mhando carb. L8V / 36 Simba reinjini, h.p. 155 Kumhanya kukuru km/h 60 Kuwanda kwemafuta, l 253 Range mumugwagwa mukuru, km 250 Avhareji yepasi kumanikidzwa, kg / cm2   Stone   "Dombo" Mwaka wekugadzira   Kurwisa uremu, t 38 Boka, vanhu 5 Kureba kwemuviri, mm 6900 Kureba nepfuti mberi, mm 9200 Upamhi, mm 3500 Kureba, mm 3000 Kugadziriswa, mm   Huma yemuviri 100-120 Hull board 50 Shongwe yehuma (wheelhouse) 30 Denga uye pasi pehull   Hondo   Rifle brand 43.M Caliber mu mm / mbiya kureba mune calibers 75/70 Zvombo, pfuti   Nhamba uye caliber (mu mm) yepfuti yemuchina 2-8 Anti-ndege muchina pfuti - Zvombo zvepfuti dzemuchina, cartridges   Injini, mhando, mhando carb. Z- TURAN Simba reinjini, h.p. 2 × 260 Kumhanya kukuru km/h 45 Kuwanda kwemafuta, l   Range mumugwagwa mukuru, km 200 Avhareji yepasi kumanikidzwa, kg / cm2 0,78 Maitiro ekuita eiyo Hungarian armored mota Kurwisa kushandiswa kweZSU "Nimrodhi" "Nimrodhi" akatanga kupinda mumauto kubva muna Kukadzi 1942. Sezvo pfuti idzi dzinozvifambisa dzakaonekwa sedzinopesana netangi, dzakagadzira hwaro hwe51st tank muparadzi battalion ye1 Panzer Division, iyo yaiva chikamu chechipiri cheHungarian Army, iyo yakatanga kurwisana kumberi kweSoviet muzhizha ra2. Pakati pe1942 Nimrods (19 makambani e3 anozvifambisa pfuti imwe neimwe pamwe nemotokari yemukuru weuto), mushure mekukundwa kweuto reHungary munaJanuary 6, motokari nhatu chete dzakadzokera kunyika yavo. Mune basa rezvombo zvinorwisa tank, "Nimrods" akatambura "fiasco" yakakwana.: havana kukwanisa zvachose kurwisa matangi eSoviet eHondo Yenyika Yechipiri T-34 uye KB. Pakupedzisira, "Nimrods" akawana kushandiswa kwavo kwechokwadi - sechombo chekudzivirira mhepo uye ikava chikamu che1 (yakadzoserwa muna 1943) uye yechipiri TD uye 2st KD (maererano nematemu emazuva ano - vatasvi vemabhiza) mapoka. Yekutanga TD yakagamuchira 1, uye yechipiri yakagamuchira makumi matatu nenomwe ZSU muna Kubvumbi 1, pakaitika hondo neRed Army muGalicia. Pakati pedzimotokari gumi nenomwe dzekupedzisira dzaive chikamu chevashandi ve7nd tank muparadzi battalion, uye 2 makambani emotokari ina imwe neimwe yakagadzira chikamu chekudzivirira kwemhepo. Muzhizha, kambani yechitanhatu yakawedzerwa. Kuumbwa kwekambani: 1944 vanhu, 37 ZSU, 17 motokari. Mushure mehondo dzisina kubudirira, iyo 52nd TD yakabviswa kumberi, ichichengeta 5 Nimrods. Muna Chikumi 1944, vese vana Nimrod ve4st KD vakaurayiwa muhondo. MunaSeptember, kurwa kwakanga kwatova munharaunda yeHungary. Zvikamu zvitatu zvese zvakazove nemaNimrodhi makumi masere (1 imwe neimwe mumaTD uye mana muCD). Mumapoka avo, "Nimirodhi" akarwa anenge kusvika pakupera kwehondo. Musi waDecember 80, 39, boka rematangi raLieutenant Colonel Horvat, raiva nemaNimrod 4, rakashanda kumaodzanyemba kweBudapest munharaunda yePerbal-Vali. Musi waZvita 3, TD yechipiri yaive neimwe 1944 ZSU, uye munaKurume 4-7, 2, gumi Nimrods weLieutenant Colonel Maslau vakashanda muhondo munzvimbo yeLake Balaton panguva yekupokana kweIV German Panzer. Mauto. Musi waKurume 26, munzvimbo yeBakonyoslor, boka rehondo reNemeth rakarasikirwa nepfuti dzaro dzese dzaingozvifambisa. VaNimrodhi vanoverengeka vanozivikanwa kuti vakarwa muBudapest yakakombwa. "Nimrods" yakazova imwe yeZSU dzakabudirira uye dzinoshanda dzeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri. Vachishanda kunze kwemhando yevavengi anti-tank pfuti, vakapa kudzivirira kwemhepo kune tank uye mota dzemagetsi pakufamba uye muhondo. Parizvino, makopi maviri eiyi ZSU akachengetedzwa: imwe mune yemauto nhoroondo museum muBudapest, imwe iri mumuseum yezvombo zvemotokari muKubinka. Sources: M. B. Baryatinsky. Matangi eHonvedsheg. (Armored Collection Nha. 3 (60) - 2005); I.P. Shmelev. Motokari dzehondo dzeHungary (1940-1945); G.L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of World Tanks 1915-2000"; Peter Mujzer: The Royal Hungarian Army, 1920-1945.