Yepamusoro yakafa nzvimbo uye pasi yakafa nzvimbo: tsananguro uye kushanda

Mune mechanics, iyo isina kwayakarerekera poindi inoenderana nenzvimbo yepiston inodzokorora muhumburumbira hwayo. Kune mapofu maviri: kumusoro kwakafa pakati, kana TDC, uye pasi pakafa centre, kana PMB. Pamusoro penzvimbo yakafa, piston yakakwira mukurova kwayo, nepo iri pazasi pe silinda pazasi pakafa centre. Izvi zvinoenderana nemhando dzakasiyana dzekupisa.

🚗 Chii chinonzi top dead center?

Kushanda kweinjini yekupisa mukati, senge yemotokari, kunobva pa pisitoni... Imwe neimwe yepiston iyi inotsvedza pairi silinda uye inoshandiswa kudzvanya mafuta uye gasi kugadzira kuputika, simba raro rinotyaira injini.

Mota dzemazuvano dzakashongedzerwa neinjini ye4-stroke inoshanda mumatenderedzwa mana akasiyana:

1. L 'kupinda mhepo / peturu musanganiswa;
2. La (simba) musanganiswa uyu nekusimudza piston;
3. L 'kuputika apo piston iri panzvimbo yakakwirira;
4. L 'échappement apo piston inomuka.

Kugadzira zvikamu zvina izvi, mapiston anoshanda nezvimwe zvikamu, kusanganisira crankshaft anovadzidzisa, asiwo mavharuvhu zvinova zvikamu zvinodzivirira kupinda kumasirinda. THE 'camshaft inobvumira mavharuvhu aya kuti azarurwe uye akavharwa, achibvumira kupinda muchikamu chekutanga uye kubuda muchikamu chechina.

Tiri kutaura nezvazvo imwe piston apo iyo pisitoni inotsvedza musilinda sepombi, semumota dzemukati dzemoto. Nekudaro, kana iri injini yepiston inodzokororwa, pane mapoinzi maviri anodaidzwa kuti nzvimbo isina kwayakarerekera: nzvimbo yepamusoro yakafa kune rimwe divi, yepasi yakafa pakati pane imwe.

Idzi nzvimbo dzakafa hadzinei nechokuita nekutapurirana. Zvinoitika chete kuti izwi rekuti "kwazvakarerekera" rakatorwa nekufananidza kureva nzvimbo isina kwayakarerekera: nekudaro chinzvimbo ichi chinoshandiswa kureva chinzvimbo chegiya lever, asi kutaura uku kunoshandiswawo mune zvemari.

Nzvimbo yepamusoro yemotokari yako yakafa, inowanzonzi TDC, ndipo apo piston iri panzvimbo yakakwirira yekurohwa kwayo mucylinder. Naizvozvo, inguva zvakare iyo vhoriyamu yekamuri yekupisa yakadzikira uye kudzvanywa kuri kwepamusoro, nguva isati yatanga kupisa kwemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa.

Iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti sensor yakafona PMH sensor, ine basa rekuona kana piston iri pamusoro penzvimbo yakafa mumotokari yako. Anoshandisa mazino flywheel... Iyo TDC sensor inobva yatumira ruzivo urwu kune injini yekudzivirira unitiyo inoishandisa kukwirisa jekiseni remafuta uye kuwana kupisa kunoita kuti injini yako irambe ichimhanya.

🔍 Chii chinonzi bottom dead center?

Le nzvimbo yepamusoro yakafa (TDC) inoreva nguva iyo piston yeinjini yekupisa yemukati iri panzvimbo yepamusoro-soro mucylinder kana kudzvanywa kuri pakukwirira kwayo. Uye zvakasiyana, point Mort Bas (PMB) inoenderana nenguva iyo piston iri munzvimbo yakaderera yesitiroko yayo.

Panguva ino, kuwanda kwekamuri yekupisa kwakanyanya: iyi ndiyo kuguma kwekutora, iyo inoyamwa mumhepo nemafuta, musanganiswa weiyo ichaita kuti kuputika uye kupisa kwejini. Kudzvanya kwakangoita kushoma sekunge kuri kugadzira musanganiswa, kwete kuimanikidza kuti iputika.

📍 Nzira yekutsvaga yepamusoro yakafa nzvimbo?

Nzvimbo yepamusoro yakafa inoratidza nzvimbo yepamusoro yepiston mucylinder yayo. Asi zvakare ine chimwe chinobatsira: kuziva nzvimbo yepamusoro yakafa centre inobvumira muchengete kugovera, iyo inofanirwa kune mamwe ma mechanical kupindira mujini.

Mota yako inowanzove nayo repères yekuseta uku, asi dzimwe nguva unofanirwa kutsvaga nzvimbo yepamusoro yakafa kuti uzvimake iwe pachako. Muchiitiko ichi, tanga injini manually zvishoma. Iwe unofanirwa kuona nzvimbo iyo piston iri pamusoro pehumburumbira isati yatanga kudzika: iyi inzvimbo yepamusoro yakafa.

Iye zvino iwe unoziva kuti mazwi epamusoro akafa nzvimbo (TDC) uye pasi akafa nzvimbo (PMB) anomiririra. Sezvawakambonzwisisa, aya ndiwo akanyanya kunyanyisa zvinzvimbo zvepiston muhumburumbira yayo. Iwe unofanirwawo kuziva kuti hapana mapistoni maviri achave ari muchikamu chimwe panguva yekupisa.