Impact yeIIHS Auto Brake Technology

Muna Kurume 2016, indasitiri yemotokari yakagamuchira nhau dzinonakidza maererano nekuchengetedzwa kwemotokari. Kunyange zvazvo chiziviso ichi chave chiripo chaizvo muUnited States kubvira 2006, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, inozivikanwawo seNHTSA, uye Inishuwarenzi Institute for Highway Safety vakazivisa kuti otomatiki chimbichimbi braking (AEB) achava "mureza". padzinenge mota nyowani dzakatengeswa muUS panosvika 2022. " Nemamwe mashoko, nekuda kwechibvumirano ichi pakati pevagadziri vemotokari vakasiyana makumi maviri nehurumende yeUS, mota nyowani dzichatengeswa ne otomatiki mabhureki echimbichimbi anosanganisirwa mukuchengetedza maficha kutanga gore rino. Sezvo izvi zvave zvichionekwa zvakanyanya se "umbozha" ficha kwenguva yakati, idzi inhau dzinonakidza uye dzekuchinja kwemotokari kuchengetedza hunyanzvi nekusimudzira.

Automakers 'mapepanhau anoburitswa pamhepo azere nerumbidzo yechiziviso ichi. Vagadziri vemotokari vanosanganisira Audi, BMW, General Motors neToyota - kungodoma vashoma - vatotanga kugadzira mota dzavo nehurongwa hwavo hweAEB, uye mumwe nemumwe wavo ari kurumbidza hwaro hutsva uhwu hwekuchengetedza motokari. Nguva pfupi mushure mekuzivisa kweNHTSA, Toyota yakaburitsa chirevo chekuti yakaronga kuenzanisa masisitimu ayo eAEB "panenge modhi yese pakupera kwa2017" uye General Motors vakatosvika pakutanga "kungovhura kunoshanda kuyedza kuchengetedzwa." nzvimbo” inokonzerwa nezvinodiwa neAEB. Zvakachengeteka kutaura kuti indasitiri iri kufara zvakare.

Kukanganisa pakuchengeteka

Automatic Emergency Braking, kana AEB, igadziriro yekuchengetedza inodzorwa nekombuta yayo inokwanisa kuona nekudzivirira kudhumhana nekubhureki mota pasina kupindira kwemutyairi. Iyo NHTSA inofanotaura kuti inoda "otomatiki yekukurumidzira braking ichadzivirira inofungidzirwa 28,000 kudhumhana uye 12,000 kukuvara." Kurumbidza uku kunoita sekubvumirana kunonzwisisika kupihwa idzi nedzimwe nhamba dzekuchengetedza dzakaburitswa neNHTSA maererano nekudhumhana nekudzivirira kukuvara.

Nepo kuri kwomuzvarirwo kufadzwa nokufambira mberi kupi nokupi mukuchengetedzwa kwemotokari, vatyairi vazhinji naavo vanobatanidzwa nenyika yemotokari vari kushamisika kuti kuchinja uku kunorevei chaizvoizvo nokuda kwefunganyo dzakadai somutengo wokutenga motokari itsva, mutengo wokugadzirisa mativi, uye nguva. inopedzerwa pakugadzirisa, kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa. diagnostics. Nekudaro, mhinduro zhinji kumibvunzo iyi, ndipo zvakanyanya izvo zvinodiwa neAEB zvinokonzeresa kufara kune vese vanobatanidzwa.

Iyo AEB system inoshanda sei

Iyo AEB system ine basa rakakosha. Pakangovhurwa imwe ye sensors yayo, inofanirwa kuona muchikamu chechipiri kana mota ichida rubatsiro rwebhureki. Inobva yashandisa mamwe masisitimu ari mumotokari, senyanga kubva kustereo, kutumira yambiro yebhureki kumutyairi. Kana kuonekwa kwaitwa asi mutyairi haapinduri, ipapo AEB system inotora chiito chekutonga motokari nekuzvibata, kutendeuka, kana zvose zviri zviviri.

Kunyange zvazvo maitiro eAEB akananga kumugadziri wemotokari uye achasiyana muzita uye fomu kubva kune mumwe mugadziri wemotokari kuenda kune imwe, vazhinji vachashandisa musanganiswa wema sensors kuzivisa kombiyuta yekushanda, yakadai seGPS, radar, makamera, kana kunyange manzwi chaiwo. . lasers. Izvi zvinoyera kumhanya kwemotokari, chinzvimbo, chinhambwe uye nzvimbo kune zvimwe zvinhu.

migumisiro yakanaka

Huwandu hweruzivo rwakanaka munyika yemotokari maererano nechiziviso cheNHTSA yakawanda, kunyanya nezvenyaya yayo huru: mhedzisiro. Zvinozivikanwa kuti tsaona zhinji dzemotokari dzinokonzerwa nevatyairi. Mumabhureki akajairika, nguva yekuita inoita basa rakakura pakumira kudzivirira kudhumhana. Huropi hwemutyairi hunobata kumhanya kwemota pamwe chete nezviratidzo zvemumugwagwa, marambi, vanofamba netsoka uye dzimwe mota dzinofamba nekumhanya kwakasiyana. Wedzera kune izvo zvinotsausa zvemazuva ano zvakaita sezvikwangwani, maredhiyo, nhengo dzemhuri, uye chokwadi nharembozha dzedu dzatinoda, uye maCD edu zvakatongerwa kukanganisa.

Nguva dziri kuchinja zvechokwadi uye kudiwa kwemaitiro eAEB mumotokari dzose kunotibvumira kufambirana nenguva. Uku kusuma tekinoroji yepamusoro kunogona kutsiva kukanganisa kwemutyairi nekuti, kusiyana nemutyairi, sisitimu inogara yakarinda, inogara ichitarisa mugwagwa kumberi pasina kukanganiswa. Kana iyo system ikashanda nemazvo, inzvimbo yekukunda-kukunda kune wese anobatanidzwa.

Kudhumhana kunoitika kuchave kushoma zvakanyanya nekuda kwekukurumidza kupindura kweiyo AEB system, iyo inodzivirira kwete mutyairi chete asiwo vafambi. IIHS inotaura kuti "AEB masisitimu anogona kuderedza auto inishuwarenzi zvinoda kusvika 35%.

Asi pachava nekuwedzera mari yekuchengetedza here? AEB masisitimu akanaka kwazvo akamiswa aine masensa uye komputa inoatonga. Nokudaro, kugadzirisa kwakarongwa kunofanira (uye kune vakawanda vatengesi vemotokari inotosanganisira) inosanganisirawo cheki idzi pamutengo muduku kana pasina.

Negative Effects

Haasi munhu wese anobvumirana nezve AEB masisitimu. Kufanana nehumwe tekinoroji nyowani inoti ndeyekuchinja, masisitimu eAEB anomutsa mimwe mibvunzo uye zvinonetsa. Kutanga, tekinoroji haishande zvakakwana - zvinotora kuedza uye kukanganisa kuti uwane mhedzisiro inoshanda. Parizvino, mamwe masisitimu eAEB achiri mumatanho ekutanga ekugadzirwa. Vamwe vanovimbisa kumisa motokari zvachose isati yarovera, nepo vamwe vanongomutsa kana tsaona inoderedza migumisiro yacho. Vamwe vanogona kuziva vanofamba netsoka nepo vamwe parizvino vachingoona dzimwe mota. Mamiriro akafanana akaitika nekuiswa kweimwe nzira yekudzivirira, pamwe ne-anti-lock mabhureki uye yemagetsi kugadzikana kutonga. Zvinotora nguva kuti sisitimu isati yanyatsopusa.

Zvichemo zvakajairika nezve maAEB masisitimu anosanganisira phantom braking, yenhema yakanaka kudhumhana chenjedzo, uye kudhumhana kunoitika kunyangwe basa reAEB. Ramba uchifunga izvi paunenge uchityaira mota ine AEB.

Sezvambotaurwa, iyo sisitimu haizove yakafanana kune wese munhu, sezvo yega yega automaker ine yayo software mainjiniya nemazano avo ezvinofanira kuita system. Izvi zvinogona kutariswa sedhirowa sezvo zvichikonzera misiyano mikuru mukuti otomatiki braking inoshanda sei. Izvi zvinogadzira dambudziko idzva kuti makanika aenderane neakawanda akasiyana maAEB masisitimu anosiyana kubva kune mumwe mugadziri kuenda kune mumwe. Aya kudzidziswa uye kukwidziridzwa kunogona kuve nyore kune vatengesi, asi zvisiri nyore kuzvitoro zvakazvimiririra.

Zvisinei, kunyange zvikanganiso izvi zvinogona kuonekwa kubva kudivi rakanaka. Iyo yakawanda mota dzakashongedzerwa neAEB system, iyo yakawedzera kushandiswa kweiyo system, uye kana uye kana tsaona dzikaitika, vagadziri vanozokwanisa kuongorora iyo data uye kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza. Ichi chinhu chikuru. Pane ramangwana rinogona kunge riripo umo mota dzese dzichange dzave otomatiki, izvo zvinoderedza tsaona uye netarisiro kuchenesa traffic munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda.

Haisati yakwana sisitimu, asi iri kuita nani, uye zvinonakidza kuona kuti izvo zvinotisvitsa kupi muhunyanzvi hwemotokari. Zvakachengeteka kufunga kuti varidzi vemotokari uye makanika vanobvumirana kuti zvikomborero izvo AEB system inounza kune kuchengeteka zvinodarika zvipingamupinyi.